NURSING PEDIATRICS (NEWBORN) FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025
1. What is vernix caseosa?
Soft, white, greasy/creamy covering
2. How does term of baby correlate with vernix caseosa?
Decreases as baby nears term -> More abundant in preterm infants
(Dry, cracked, and peeling skin is more likely in post term infants)
3. How does nevus flammeus present?
port wine stain -
Dark purple or red capillary malformation
4. How is nevus flammeus managed?
Ophthalmology referral needed if near the eye
*generally does not resolve
5. What is cutis marmorata?
,Reticular mottling of skin caused by vascular response to cold
Usually localized to lower limbs, typically resolves with warmth
6. What may cafe au lait be a sign of?
neurofibromatosis or McCune Albright syndrome
7. How does jaundice progress in a newborn?
cephalocaudal progression -> normally appears on face first and then
moves down to chest, abdomen, arms, & legs
8. What is pustule melanosis?
Pustules without erythema that contain neutrophils
Diffuse on forehead, chin, neck, and back
9. What may pustule melanosis lead to?
rupture and leave hyperpigmented macules that may persist for months
10. What does bruising or petechiae indicate in a newborn?
birth trauma
, 11. What is craniosynotosis? how is it managed?
Premature fusion of one or more sutures -> referral to neurologist
necessary
12. What are the fontanelles of the newborn head?
anterior
posterior
+/- sagittal
13. When may a third fontanelle be present in newborn head?
sagittal -> may be associated with Trisomy 21
14. When does the anterior fontanelle close? when does the posterior
fontanelle close?
10 - 26 mo ant
1-3 mo post
15. What fontanelles & sutures should be palpated on a newborn head?
"CLAMS"
■ Coronal suture
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025
1. What is vernix caseosa?
Soft, white, greasy/creamy covering
2. How does term of baby correlate with vernix caseosa?
Decreases as baby nears term -> More abundant in preterm infants
(Dry, cracked, and peeling skin is more likely in post term infants)
3. How does nevus flammeus present?
port wine stain -
Dark purple or red capillary malformation
4. How is nevus flammeus managed?
Ophthalmology referral needed if near the eye
*generally does not resolve
5. What is cutis marmorata?
,Reticular mottling of skin caused by vascular response to cold
Usually localized to lower limbs, typically resolves with warmth
6. What may cafe au lait be a sign of?
neurofibromatosis or McCune Albright syndrome
7. How does jaundice progress in a newborn?
cephalocaudal progression -> normally appears on face first and then
moves down to chest, abdomen, arms, & legs
8. What is pustule melanosis?
Pustules without erythema that contain neutrophils
Diffuse on forehead, chin, neck, and back
9. What may pustule melanosis lead to?
rupture and leave hyperpigmented macules that may persist for months
10. What does bruising or petechiae indicate in a newborn?
birth trauma
, 11. What is craniosynotosis? how is it managed?
Premature fusion of one or more sutures -> referral to neurologist
necessary
12. What are the fontanelles of the newborn head?
anterior
posterior
+/- sagittal
13. When may a third fontanelle be present in newborn head?
sagittal -> may be associated with Trisomy 21
14. When does the anterior fontanelle close? when does the posterior
fontanelle close?
10 - 26 mo ant
1-3 mo post
15. What fontanelles & sutures should be palpated on a newborn head?
"CLAMS"
■ Coronal suture
