N125 Exam 2 Study Q's and A`s With complete solution Newest 2025/2026 RATED A+

N125 Exam 2 Study Q's and A`s With complete
solution Newest 2025/2026 RATED A+
A physician tells the nurse that a patients vertebra prominens is tender and asks the nurse to
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reevaluate the area in 1 hour. The area of the body the nurse will assess is:
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a. Just above the diaphragm.
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b. Just lateral to the knee cap.
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c. At the level of the C7 vertebra.
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d. At the level of the T11 vertebra. - Correct Answers ANS: C
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The C7 vertebra has a long spinous process, called the vertebra prominens, which is palpable
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when the head is flexed.
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Il` A mother brings her 2-month-old daughter in for an examination and says, My daughter rolled
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Il` over against the wall, and now I have noticed that she has this spot that is soft on the top of her
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Il` head. Is something terribly wrong? The nurse's best response would be:
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a. Perhaps that could be a result of your dietary intake during pregnancy.
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b. Your baby may have craniosynostosis, a disease of the sutures of the brain.
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c. That soft spot may be an indication of cretinism or congenital hypothyroidism.
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d. That soft spot is normal, and actually allows for growth of the brain during the first year of your
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baby's life. - Correct Answers ANS: D
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Membrane-covered soft spots allow for growth of the brain during the first year of life. They Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




gradually ossify; the triangular-shaped posterior fontanel is closed by 1 to 2 months, and the
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diamond-shaped anterior fontanel closes between 9 months and 2 years.
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Il` The nurse notices that a patient's palpebral fissures are not symmetric. On examination, the
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Il` nurse may find that damage has occurred to which cranial nerve (CN)?
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a. III Il`




b. V Il`




c. VII Il`

,d. VIII - Correct Answers ANS: C
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Facial muscles are mediated by CN VII; asymmetry of palpebral fissures may be attributable to
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damage to CN VII (Bell palsy).
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Il` A patient is unable to differentiate between sharp and dull stimulation to both sides of her face.
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Il` The nurse suspects:
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a. Bell palsy.
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b. Damage to the trigeminal nerve.
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c. Frostbite with resultant paresthesia to the cheeks.
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d. Scleroderma. - Correct Answers ANS: B
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Facial sensations of pain or touch are mediated by CN V, which is the trigeminal nerve. Bell palsy is
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associated with CN VII damage. Frostbite and scleroderma are not associated with this problem.
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Il` When examining the face of a patient, the nurse is aware that the two pairs of salivary glands that
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Il` are accessible to examination are the ___________ and ___________ glands.
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a. Occipital; submental
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b. Parotid; jugulodigastric
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c. Parotid; submandibular
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d. Submandibular; occipital - Correct Answers ANS: C
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Two pairs of salivary glands accessible to examination on the face are the parotid glands, which
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are in the cheeks over the mandible, anterior to and below the ear; and the submandibular
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glands, which are beneath the mandible at the angle of the jaw. The parotid glands are normally
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nonpalpable.
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Il` A patient comes to the clinic complaining of neck and shoulder pain and is unable to turn her
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Il` head. The nurse suspects damage to CN ______ and proceeds with the examination by
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Il` _____________.

a. XI; palpating the anterior and posterior triangles
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b. XI; asking the patient to shrug her shoulders against resistance
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,c. XII; percussing the sternomastoid and submandibular neck muscles
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d. XII; assessing for a positive Romberg sign - Correct Answers ANS: B
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The major neck muscles are the sternomastoid and the trapezius. They are innervated by CN XI,
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the spinal accessory. The innervated muscles assist with head rotation and head flexion,
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movement of the shoulders, and extension and turning of the head.
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Il` When examining a patient's CN function, the nurse remembers that the muscles in the neck that
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Il` are innervated by CN XI are the:
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a. Sternomastoid and trapezius.
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b. Spinal accessory and omohyoid.
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c. Trapezius and sternomandibular.
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d. Sternomandibular and spinal accessory. - Correct Answers ANS: A
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The major neck muscles are the sternomastoid and the trapezius. They are innervated by CN XI,
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the spinal accessory.
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Il` A patient's laboratory data reveal an elevated thyroxine (T4) level. The nurse would proceed with
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Il` an examination of the _____ gland.
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a. Thyroid
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b. Parotid
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c. Adrenal
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d. Parathyroid - Correct Answers ANS: A
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The thyroid gland is a highly vascular endocrine gland that secretes T4 and triiodothyronine (T3).
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The other glands do not secrete T4.
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Il` A patient says that she has recently noticed a lump in the front of her neck below her Adam's
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Il` apple that seems to be getting bigger. During the assessment, the finding that leads the nurse to
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Il` suspect that this may not be a cancerous thyroid nodule is that the lump (nodule):
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a. Is tender.
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, b. Is mobile and not hard.
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c. Disappears when the patient smiles.
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d. Is hard and fixed to the surrounding structures. - Correct Answers ANS: B
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Painless, rapidly growing nodules may be cancerous, especially the appearance of a single nodule
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in a young person. However, cancerous nodules tend to be hard and fixed to surrounding
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structures, not mobile.
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Il` The nurse notices that a patient's submental lymph nodes are enlarged. In an effort to identify the
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Il` cause of the node enlargement, the nurse would assess the patients:
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a. Infraclavicular area.
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b. Supraclavicular area.
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c. Area distal to the enlarged node.
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d. Area proximal to the enlarged node. - Correct Answers ANS: D
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When nodes are abnormal, the nurse should check the area into which they drain for the source of
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the problem. The area proximal (upstream) to the location of the abnormal node should be
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explored.
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Il` The nurse is aware that the four areas in the body where lymph nodes are accessible are the:
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a. Head, breasts, groin, and abdomen.
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b. Arms, breasts, inguinal area, and legs.
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c. Head and neck, arms, breasts, and axillae.
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d. Head and neck, arms, inguinal area, and axillae. - Correct Answers ANS: D
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Nodes are located throughout the body, but they are accessible to examination only in four areas:
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head and neck, arms, inguinal region, and axillae.
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Il` A patient, an 85-year-old woman, is complaining about the fact that the bones in her face have
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Il` become more noticeable. What explanation should the nurse give her?
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a. Diets low in protein and high in carbohydrates may cause enhanced facial bones.
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