I. Cell Biology (SC.912.L.14.x)
1. Which statement is part of the modern cell
theory?
A. All cells arise de novo from nonliving material
B. Cells are the smallest unit of structure and function
in living things
C. Organelles can live independently outside of cells
D. Cells exist only in plants and animals
Answer: B
Rationale: Modern cell theory states that cells are the
basic unit of structure and function in all organisms
([PDF] Printable Biology 1 Standards).
2. Which organelle is the site of ribosome
assembly?
A. Endoplasmic reticulum
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Nucleolus
D. Mitochondrion
Answer: C
Rationale: The nucleolus is where rRNA and
ribosomal subunits are synthesized ([PDF] BIOLOGY
EOC STUDY GUIDE Answer Key and Content Focus
Report).
3. What feature distinguishes prokaryotic from
eukaryotic cells?
A. Presence of DNA
, B. Lack of nucleus
C. Ability to undergo evolution
D. Use of ATP
Answer: B
Rationale: Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound
nucleus, unlike eukaryotes ([PDF] www.quizizz.com
Biology EOC All Topics Review Scientific Thinking ...).
4. Which structure regulates the passage of
materials into and out of the cell?
A. Cell wall
B. Cytoskeleton
C. Plasma membrane
D. Ribosome
Answer: C
Rationale: The plasma membrane’s phospholipid
bilayer controls molecular traffic ([PDF] BIOLOGY
EOC STUDY GUIDE Answer Key and Content Focus
Report).
5. During which process do chromosomes become
visible?
A. Interphase
B. Prophase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Answer: B
Rationale: Chromosomes condense and become
visible under a light microscope during prophase
, ([PDF] EOC Review - DNA, Mitosis, Meiosis, and
Genetics).
6. Which cytoskeletal element is primarily
responsible for muscle contraction?
A. Microtubules
B. Microfilaments
C. Intermediate filaments
D. Centrioles
Answer: B
Rationale: Actin microfilaments interact with myosin
to produce contraction ([PDF] Biology Review Packet
- Miami Beach Nautilus Middle School).
7. What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic
reticulum?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Lipid synthesis and detoxification
C. DNA replication
D. ATP production
Answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER synthesizes lipids and
detoxifies chemicals (Sample Items for SC READY
and EOCEP - 04/30/2025 8:12 PM).
8. Which junction prevents leakage of extracellular
fluid?
A. Gap junction
B. Tight junction
C. Desmosome
D. Plasmodesma
1. Which statement is part of the modern cell
theory?
A. All cells arise de novo from nonliving material
B. Cells are the smallest unit of structure and function
in living things
C. Organelles can live independently outside of cells
D. Cells exist only in plants and animals
Answer: B
Rationale: Modern cell theory states that cells are the
basic unit of structure and function in all organisms
([PDF] Printable Biology 1 Standards).
2. Which organelle is the site of ribosome
assembly?
A. Endoplasmic reticulum
B. Golgi apparatus
C. Nucleolus
D. Mitochondrion
Answer: C
Rationale: The nucleolus is where rRNA and
ribosomal subunits are synthesized ([PDF] BIOLOGY
EOC STUDY GUIDE Answer Key and Content Focus
Report).
3. What feature distinguishes prokaryotic from
eukaryotic cells?
A. Presence of DNA
, B. Lack of nucleus
C. Ability to undergo evolution
D. Use of ATP
Answer: B
Rationale: Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound
nucleus, unlike eukaryotes ([PDF] www.quizizz.com
Biology EOC All Topics Review Scientific Thinking ...).
4. Which structure regulates the passage of
materials into and out of the cell?
A. Cell wall
B. Cytoskeleton
C. Plasma membrane
D. Ribosome
Answer: C
Rationale: The plasma membrane’s phospholipid
bilayer controls molecular traffic ([PDF] BIOLOGY
EOC STUDY GUIDE Answer Key and Content Focus
Report).
5. During which process do chromosomes become
visible?
A. Interphase
B. Prophase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase
Answer: B
Rationale: Chromosomes condense and become
visible under a light microscope during prophase
, ([PDF] EOC Review - DNA, Mitosis, Meiosis, and
Genetics).
6. Which cytoskeletal element is primarily
responsible for muscle contraction?
A. Microtubules
B. Microfilaments
C. Intermediate filaments
D. Centrioles
Answer: B
Rationale: Actin microfilaments interact with myosin
to produce contraction ([PDF] Biology Review Packet
- Miami Beach Nautilus Middle School).
7. What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic
reticulum?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Lipid synthesis and detoxification
C. DNA replication
D. ATP production
Answer: B
Rationale: Smooth ER synthesizes lipids and
detoxifies chemicals (Sample Items for SC READY
and EOCEP - 04/30/2025 8:12 PM).
8. Which junction prevents leakage of extracellular
fluid?
A. Gap junction
B. Tight junction
C. Desmosome
D. Plasmodesma
