UCLA EKG Study
What does it suggest while the coronary heart is electrically polarized at relaxation?
The inside of the heart cellular has a higher potassium attention, while the outside has a higher
concentration of sodium.
• The higher tremendous rate outdoor the cell causes a extraordinarily extra negative charge
within the cell.
• The difference among the prices inside and outside of the cellular wall is referred to as its
electrical ability.
What takes place at some stage in depolarization inside the coronary heart cellular?
Na+ actions into the cell hastily in response to an electrical impulse: Inside of cellular loses
terrible
ability.
Depolarization is propagated from cellular to cell, transmitted across the entire coronary heart.
• The wave of depolarization represents a go with the flow of power.
What happens in repolarization of the heart?
The ions go back to their original resting nation and the heart cells restore their resting polarity.
List in levels the electrophysiology of the coronary heart
Phase 0: Na+ glide in and rapid depolarization happens
whilst stimulated
Phase 1: Rapid go back to isoelectric level
Phase 2: Ca++ ions flow in and myocytes settlement
Phase 3: K+ glide out and speedy depolarization takes place
Phase four: Polarized resting phase
Name the 3 extraordinary kind of heart cells
Allow the heart to combine electric and mechanical
pastime of the heart
1. Pacemaker cells
2. Electrical conduction cells
three. Myocardial cells
,What do pacemaker cells do?
Pacemaker cells have the capacity to initiate an impulse
(automaticity)
o Sinoatrial (SA) node:
o Atrioventricular (AV) node
o Purkinje fibers
o Every cell inside the heart has automaticity, but normally suppressed.
What do the electrical conduction cells do?
Wires of the heart's electrical circuit
• Carry present day unexpectedly and efficiently to remote areas of the coronary heart
What is electric pathway of the coronary heart starting from SA node
Sinoatrial (SA) node ->Internodal pathways ->Atrioventricular (AV) node->Bundle of His->Bundle
branches -> Purkinje fibers
What is the pathophysiology of the SA node
SA (Sinoatrial) Node • Located in the right atrium close to
the advanced vena cava
• Primary pacemaker • Inherent price: 60-a hundred bpm • Innervated via autonomic worried
machine
• Electrical impulses from SA node
"depolarizes" the atria through
internodal tracts and
Bachmannn's package, ensuing in
atrial contraction.
What is the pathophysiology of the AV node?
AV (Atrioventricular) Node • Located in the inferior proper
atrium
• Responsible for slowing down
conduction from the atria to the
ventricles simply long sufficient for
atrial contraction to occur
• Subsidiary pacemaker • Inherent charge: forty-60 bpm
What is the pathophysiology of the package deal of HIS?
Divides into the right and left bundle branches
, • Impulses are performed down the LBB quicker than the RBB. The difference in conduction
time lets in each ventricles to agreement on the identical time.
What is the pathophysiology of the Purkinje fibers?
Purkinje Fibers • Finger-like projections that amplify
from the bundle branches
• Send impulses into the myocardial tissues of the
ventricles and causes them to contract
• Subsidiary pacemaker • Inherent rate: 20-forty bpm
What do the myocardial cells do?
The contractile machinery of the coronary heart
• When a myocardial cell is depolarized,
calcium is launched within the cell,
inflicting the cell to contract.
• Myocardial cells transmit an electrical present day,
but some distance much less green.
What are the SA, AV, and purkinje quotes?
•SA node (• 60-one hundred bpm)
•AV node (• forty-60 bpm)
•Purkinje fibers (• 20-forty bpm)
What are the ordinary electrolyte ranges for sodium, K, CA, ionized CA, Mg?
Na: a hundred thirty five-146 mEq/L
• K: 3.6-5.3 mEq/L
• Ca: 8.Five-10.3 mg/dL
• Ionized Ca 1.09-1.29 mmol/L (Corrected:1.10 mmol/L)
• Mg: 1.4 - 1.9mEq/L
Purpose of EKG
Monitors electric currents created with the aid of impulses within the
coronary heart through electrodes attached to the skin
• Shows the series of electrical occasions
• Doesn't display the heart's mechanical hobby or
pumping ability
Difference between electrodes and leads whilst measuring EKG
What does it suggest while the coronary heart is electrically polarized at relaxation?
The inside of the heart cellular has a higher potassium attention, while the outside has a higher
concentration of sodium.
• The higher tremendous rate outdoor the cell causes a extraordinarily extra negative charge
within the cell.
• The difference among the prices inside and outside of the cellular wall is referred to as its
electrical ability.
What takes place at some stage in depolarization inside the coronary heart cellular?
Na+ actions into the cell hastily in response to an electrical impulse: Inside of cellular loses
terrible
ability.
Depolarization is propagated from cellular to cell, transmitted across the entire coronary heart.
• The wave of depolarization represents a go with the flow of power.
What happens in repolarization of the heart?
The ions go back to their original resting nation and the heart cells restore their resting polarity.
List in levels the electrophysiology of the coronary heart
Phase 0: Na+ glide in and rapid depolarization happens
whilst stimulated
Phase 1: Rapid go back to isoelectric level
Phase 2: Ca++ ions flow in and myocytes settlement
Phase 3: K+ glide out and speedy depolarization takes place
Phase four: Polarized resting phase
Name the 3 extraordinary kind of heart cells
Allow the heart to combine electric and mechanical
pastime of the heart
1. Pacemaker cells
2. Electrical conduction cells
three. Myocardial cells
,What do pacemaker cells do?
Pacemaker cells have the capacity to initiate an impulse
(automaticity)
o Sinoatrial (SA) node:
o Atrioventricular (AV) node
o Purkinje fibers
o Every cell inside the heart has automaticity, but normally suppressed.
What do the electrical conduction cells do?
Wires of the heart's electrical circuit
• Carry present day unexpectedly and efficiently to remote areas of the coronary heart
What is electric pathway of the coronary heart starting from SA node
Sinoatrial (SA) node ->Internodal pathways ->Atrioventricular (AV) node->Bundle of His->Bundle
branches -> Purkinje fibers
What is the pathophysiology of the SA node
SA (Sinoatrial) Node • Located in the right atrium close to
the advanced vena cava
• Primary pacemaker • Inherent price: 60-a hundred bpm • Innervated via autonomic worried
machine
• Electrical impulses from SA node
"depolarizes" the atria through
internodal tracts and
Bachmannn's package, ensuing in
atrial contraction.
What is the pathophysiology of the AV node?
AV (Atrioventricular) Node • Located in the inferior proper
atrium
• Responsible for slowing down
conduction from the atria to the
ventricles simply long sufficient for
atrial contraction to occur
• Subsidiary pacemaker • Inherent charge: forty-60 bpm
What is the pathophysiology of the package deal of HIS?
Divides into the right and left bundle branches
, • Impulses are performed down the LBB quicker than the RBB. The difference in conduction
time lets in each ventricles to agreement on the identical time.
What is the pathophysiology of the Purkinje fibers?
Purkinje Fibers • Finger-like projections that amplify
from the bundle branches
• Send impulses into the myocardial tissues of the
ventricles and causes them to contract
• Subsidiary pacemaker • Inherent rate: 20-forty bpm
What do the myocardial cells do?
The contractile machinery of the coronary heart
• When a myocardial cell is depolarized,
calcium is launched within the cell,
inflicting the cell to contract.
• Myocardial cells transmit an electrical present day,
but some distance much less green.
What are the SA, AV, and purkinje quotes?
•SA node (• 60-one hundred bpm)
•AV node (• forty-60 bpm)
•Purkinje fibers (• 20-forty bpm)
What are the ordinary electrolyte ranges for sodium, K, CA, ionized CA, Mg?
Na: a hundred thirty five-146 mEq/L
• K: 3.6-5.3 mEq/L
• Ca: 8.Five-10.3 mg/dL
• Ionized Ca 1.09-1.29 mmol/L (Corrected:1.10 mmol/L)
• Mg: 1.4 - 1.9mEq/L
Purpose of EKG
Monitors electric currents created with the aid of impulses within the
coronary heart through electrodes attached to the skin
• Shows the series of electrical occasions
• Doesn't display the heart's mechanical hobby or
pumping ability
Difference between electrodes and leads whilst measuring EKG
