CNOR EXAM COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE 2025/2026 /ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS )/GRADE A+ ASSURED!!

CNOR EXAM COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE 2025/2026 /ACTUAL
COMPLETE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS )/GRADE A+ ASSURED!!




LOCAL ANESTHETIC SYSTEMIC TOXICITY:
What is LAST?
Pts at increased risk of LAST include: younger than? & older
than?
frail/low? which sex is at increased risk? those w/ diseases of
what body systems?(4) those w/ low binding of? those who's
pH is? use of medications that inhibit? - ANSWER--toxic
reaction that occurs when the threshold blood lvls of a local
anesthetic are exceeded by intravascular injection or slow
systemic absorption of a large extravascular volume of local.
-16/60, muscle mass, female, cardiac CNS liver & metabolic,
plasma, acidic-in acidosis, sodium channels


LOCAL ANESTHETIC SYSTEMIC TOXICITY RESPONSE:
Stop administration
of? call for help
from? maintain the
pt's __________.
ventilate the pt w/?

,assist w/ ________
and be prepared to
establish/assist
with? assist w/
administration
of?????? ** -
ANSWER--local
anesthetic
-anesthesiologist, code team, LAST kit, 911
-airway
-100% oxygen
-resuscitation, iv access
-20% LIPID EMULSION THERAPY


LOCAL ANESTHETIC SYSTEMIC TOXICITY:
What items should be included in the LAST kit?(4)
If a pt has a cardiovascular event, how long should they be
monitored? If a pt has a CNS event, how long should they be
monitored?
What is the initial treatment of LAST?(2) - ANSWER--20% lipid
emulsion therapy(1L total), large syringes/needles, IV
administration supplies, the ASRA
LAST checklist
-4 to 6 hours, atleast 2 hours
-maintain the airway and perform BLS

,LOCAL ANESTHETIC SYSTEMIC TOXICITY PREVENTION:
administer the _____ effective dose to achieve? inject the
local in? what should you do before each injection? beware
of the _____ effects of local anesthetics use what when
performing peripheral nerve blocks? discuss what in the
preoperative briefing? - ANSWER--lowest, desired effect
-increments, aspirate the needle before injection the local
-additive
-ultrasound guidance
-specific dosing parameters for the pt


METHOMOGLOBINEMIA:
What is it?
What can trigger it to happen?
What can this issue lead to in the pt? why?
When do symptoms typically occur? to as late as?
What pts are higher risk for this condition?(5) - ANSWER--
rare/unusual complication where iron in hemoglobin is oxidized
to the ferric state.
-lidocaine & other local anesthetics or hereditary factors
-tissue hypoxia or death, because iron in its ferric state can't
bind to oxygen
-20 to 60 mins after exposure to local, 2 hours post exposure

, -pts w/ comorbidities that impair oxygen transport such as
anemia heart/lung disease, liver disease, & neonates


METHOMOGLOBINEMIA RESPONSE:
Administer ____ ____ oxygen & titrate as needed. Get lab
tests such as (2) administer what medication? use multiple
wavelength ___________ to determine? - ANSWER--high
flow
-CBC and arterial blood gases
-methlyne blue
-CO-oximetry, how much oxygen is bound to the pt's
hemoglobin


WALANT TECHNIQUE:
what does WALANT stand for? What is the point of using this
technique/what medications are used(2)?
What is a potential complication of this technique?
What can be administered to reverse the effects? - ANSWER--
wide awake local anesthesia with no tourniquet, combines local
anesthetic & epinephrine to induce anesthesia and hemostasis
in the area of the surgical procedure to eliminate the use of a
tourniquet/prolong the effects of local anesthetic
-the epinephrine can cause vasoconstrictor induced ischemia
-subq injection of Phentolamine 1mg/mL