PN 2005 questions and answers with
solutions
Opioids
-also known as narcotics.
-used to manage moderate to severe pain
-highly effective for acute and chronic pain (post surgical/ cancer pain).
-highly addictive and can cause euphoria
prolonged use can lead to tolerance, physical dependence and addiction.
Beta-blockers
ACE inhibitors
Cacium channel blokers
Diuretics
medications to manage hypertension
Beta Blockers (metroprolol)
-decrease heart rate and dilate arteries by blocking beta receptors
-reduce heart rate and the force of contraction, lowering blood pressure
ACE inhibitors (Lisinopril)
* block the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduce
blood pressure.
used for? HTN, heart failure, MI, diabetic nephropathy
side effects/adverse effects? persistent dry cough, angioedema, hypotension
Calcium channel blockers (amlodipine)
-Decrease the force of contraction of the muscle cells, and dilate arteries by blocking calcium.
Reduces blood pressure and the effort the heart must exert to pump blood. Controls rate in ST,
Aflutter, Afib.
-inhibit calcium ions from entering cardiac and smooth muscle cells, causing relaxation of blood
vessels and lowering blood pressure.
Diuretics (furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide)
Help the kidneys remove excess sodium and water, reducing blood volume and blood pressure
, Latest INR (international normalized ratio), signs of bleeding, list of meds and contraindications,
liver dse, recent surgery.
what to check before administering warfarin?
warfarin (Coumadin, anti-coagulant)
has a narrow therapeutic index, incorrect dosing can lead to serious bleeding of clotting
complications.
SSRI
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
SSRI (Prozac, Oxactin, citalopram)
-primarily used to treat depression and anxiety disorders by increasing levels of serotonin in
brain
Selective serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
block the reuptake if serotonin i to neurone, making more serotonin available inthe synaptic
space, which hel[ps improve mood and reduce anxiety.
10 rights of medication administration
Right medication
Right dose
Right time
Right route
Right client
Right reason
Right documentation
Right to refuse
Right assessment
Right evaluation
when administering medications to an elderly the nurse should:
-check for polypharmacy and potential drug reaction
-adjust doses as needed for renal or hepatic impairment
-assess for altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
-whatch for signs of adverse reactions
-provide education
solutions
Opioids
-also known as narcotics.
-used to manage moderate to severe pain
-highly effective for acute and chronic pain (post surgical/ cancer pain).
-highly addictive and can cause euphoria
prolonged use can lead to tolerance, physical dependence and addiction.
Beta-blockers
ACE inhibitors
Cacium channel blokers
Diuretics
medications to manage hypertension
Beta Blockers (metroprolol)
-decrease heart rate and dilate arteries by blocking beta receptors
-reduce heart rate and the force of contraction, lowering blood pressure
ACE inhibitors (Lisinopril)
* block the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduce
blood pressure.
used for? HTN, heart failure, MI, diabetic nephropathy
side effects/adverse effects? persistent dry cough, angioedema, hypotension
Calcium channel blockers (amlodipine)
-Decrease the force of contraction of the muscle cells, and dilate arteries by blocking calcium.
Reduces blood pressure and the effort the heart must exert to pump blood. Controls rate in ST,
Aflutter, Afib.
-inhibit calcium ions from entering cardiac and smooth muscle cells, causing relaxation of blood
vessels and lowering blood pressure.
Diuretics (furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide)
Help the kidneys remove excess sodium and water, reducing blood volume and blood pressure
, Latest INR (international normalized ratio), signs of bleeding, list of meds and contraindications,
liver dse, recent surgery.
what to check before administering warfarin?
warfarin (Coumadin, anti-coagulant)
has a narrow therapeutic index, incorrect dosing can lead to serious bleeding of clotting
complications.
SSRI
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
SSRI (Prozac, Oxactin, citalopram)
-primarily used to treat depression and anxiety disorders by increasing levels of serotonin in
brain
Selective serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
block the reuptake if serotonin i to neurone, making more serotonin available inthe synaptic
space, which hel[ps improve mood and reduce anxiety.
10 rights of medication administration
Right medication
Right dose
Right time
Right route
Right client
Right reason
Right documentation
Right to refuse
Right assessment
Right evaluation
when administering medications to an elderly the nurse should:
-check for polypharmacy and potential drug reaction
-adjust doses as needed for renal or hepatic impairment
-assess for altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
-whatch for signs of adverse reactions
-provide education
