BIOL 227 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2025
Joint - Answers A place in the body where two bones come together
Compare the structural and the functional classification of joints. - Answers Structural is based on the
major connective tissue type that binds together the bones. Function is based on the degree of motion
offered by the joint.
describe the structure & identify locations of sutures - Answers -fibrous joint
-only between certain bones of the skull
-synarthroses
-distinct, interlocking, usually irregular edges that increase their stability & decrease the number of
fractures at these articulations
Explain the inverse relationship between mobility and stability within a joint. - Answers -the more
movable a joint, the less stable
-ex. Sutures in your head are immobile but the most stable joints in the body
Describe the structure and identify locations of gomphoses - Answers -fibrous joint
-resembles "peg in a socket"
-only gomphoses in the body are articulations of roots of individual teeth with the alveolar processes
(sockets) of the mandible & maxillae
-includes the root of tooth, periodontal membranes, alveolar process of mandible
Describe the structure and identify locations of hyaline cartilaginous joints. - Answers Cartilaginous
joints are the adjacent bones that are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue.
Location: at the ends of bones in free-moving joints as articular cartilage, at the ends of the ribs, and in
the nose, larynx, trachea, and bronchi.
Describe the structure and function of symphyses. - Answers -pad of fibrocartilage between articulating
bones
-fibrocartilage resists compression & tension stress & acts as a shock absorber
-pubic symphysis
-intervertebral joints
Describe the general anatomy of a synovial joint. - Answers -composed of double-layered capsule called
articular capsule
, -outer layer is the fibrous layer (formed of dense CT) & is a synovial membrane
-strengthens joint to prevent bones from being pulled apart
Describe the composition and function of synovial fluid in a typical synovial joint. - Answers -produced
by synovial membrane
-viscous, oily substance located within synovial joint
-lubricates
-nourishes chondrocytes
-acts as shock absorber
Explain the movement of a joint with respect to the three perpendicular axes of space. - Answers
Uniaxial: Bone moves in one plane/axis
Biaxial: bone moves in two planes/axes
Multiaxial: Bones moves in multiple planes/axes
Plane Joint - Answers -uniaxial
-flattened or slightly curved faces slide across one another
-intercarpal joints, intertarsal joints
-diarthrosis
Pivot Joint - Answers -uniaxial
-bone with a rounded surface fits into a ring formed by a ligament & another bone
-atlantoaxial joint
-diarthrosis
Hinge Joint - Answers -uniaxial
-convex feature of one bone fits into concave depression of another bone
-elbow joint, knee joint, IP joints
-diarthrosis
condylar joint - Answers -biaxial
-oval articular surface on one bone closely interfaces with a depressed oval surface on another bone
Joint - Answers A place in the body where two bones come together
Compare the structural and the functional classification of joints. - Answers Structural is based on the
major connective tissue type that binds together the bones. Function is based on the degree of motion
offered by the joint.
describe the structure & identify locations of sutures - Answers -fibrous joint
-only between certain bones of the skull
-synarthroses
-distinct, interlocking, usually irregular edges that increase their stability & decrease the number of
fractures at these articulations
Explain the inverse relationship between mobility and stability within a joint. - Answers -the more
movable a joint, the less stable
-ex. Sutures in your head are immobile but the most stable joints in the body
Describe the structure and identify locations of gomphoses - Answers -fibrous joint
-resembles "peg in a socket"
-only gomphoses in the body are articulations of roots of individual teeth with the alveolar processes
(sockets) of the mandible & maxillae
-includes the root of tooth, periodontal membranes, alveolar process of mandible
Describe the structure and identify locations of hyaline cartilaginous joints. - Answers Cartilaginous
joints are the adjacent bones that are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue.
Location: at the ends of bones in free-moving joints as articular cartilage, at the ends of the ribs, and in
the nose, larynx, trachea, and bronchi.
Describe the structure and function of symphyses. - Answers -pad of fibrocartilage between articulating
bones
-fibrocartilage resists compression & tension stress & acts as a shock absorber
-pubic symphysis
-intervertebral joints
Describe the general anatomy of a synovial joint. - Answers -composed of double-layered capsule called
articular capsule
, -outer layer is the fibrous layer (formed of dense CT) & is a synovial membrane
-strengthens joint to prevent bones from being pulled apart
Describe the composition and function of synovial fluid in a typical synovial joint. - Answers -produced
by synovial membrane
-viscous, oily substance located within synovial joint
-lubricates
-nourishes chondrocytes
-acts as shock absorber
Explain the movement of a joint with respect to the three perpendicular axes of space. - Answers
Uniaxial: Bone moves in one plane/axis
Biaxial: bone moves in two planes/axes
Multiaxial: Bones moves in multiple planes/axes
Plane Joint - Answers -uniaxial
-flattened or slightly curved faces slide across one another
-intercarpal joints, intertarsal joints
-diarthrosis
Pivot Joint - Answers -uniaxial
-bone with a rounded surface fits into a ring formed by a ligament & another bone
-atlantoaxial joint
-diarthrosis
Hinge Joint - Answers -uniaxial
-convex feature of one bone fits into concave depression of another bone
-elbow joint, knee joint, IP joints
-diarthrosis
condylar joint - Answers -biaxial
-oval articular surface on one bone closely interfaces with a depressed oval surface on another bone
