PSYC 230 UIUC EVALUATION EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Accidental viewpoints & features - ✔✔A viewing position that produces some
regularity in the visual image that is not present in the world
Perceptual committees assume viewpoints are not accidental
✔✔wavelength of light and color - ✔✔humans see wavelengths of light that vary
between 400 and 700 nm
✔✔visual spectrum - ✔✔the range of wavelengths that our eyes can detect (400-700)
✔✔heterochromatic light - ✔✔white light, consisting of many wavelengths
✔✔monochromatic light - ✔✔light consisting of one wavelength
✔✔spectral reflectance - ✔✔the ratio of light reflected by an object at each wavelength
✔✔achromatic lightness - ✔✔when objects reflect all light wavelengths equally; white
(90%) to gray (50%) to Black (10%)
✔✔hue - ✔✔the color quality of light, corresponding to the color names we use, such as
orange, green, indigo, and cyan; hue is the quality of color
✔✔quality - ✔✔the value that changes but does not make the value larger or smaller
✔✔saturation - ✔✔the purity of light; the more saturated the stimulus is, the stronger the
color experience; the less saturated the stimulus, the more it appears white or gray or
black (achromatic)
✔✔lightness - ✔✔the psychological experience of the amount of light that gets reflected
by a surface
✔✔Brightness - ✔✔the perceived intensity of the light present
✔✔additive color mixing - ✔✔the creation of a new color by a process that adds one set
of wavelengths to another set of wavelengths
✔✔subtractive color mixing - ✔✔color mixing in which a new color is made by the
removal of wavelengths from a light with a broad spectrum of wavelengths
✔✔metamer - ✔✔a psychophysical color match between two patches of light that have
different sets of wavelengths
, ✔✔color matching experiments - ✔✔observers adjusted the amounts of three different
wavelengths of light mixed together in a "comparison field" until the color of this mixture
matched the color of a single wavelength in a "test field"
✔✔s-cone - ✔✔the cone with its peak sensitivity to short-wavelength light, around 420
nm (blue)
✔✔M cone - ✔✔the cone with its peak sensitivity to medium-wavelength light, around
535 nm (green)
✔✔L-cone - ✔✔the cone with its peak sensitivity to long-wavelength light, around 565
nm (yellow)
✔✔the response of cones to a 500-nm light - ✔✔each cone system responds to this
light but with a weaker or stronger response. Color is partially determined by this pattern
of responses of each cone to any particular wavelength
✔✔Univariance - ✔✔the principle whereby any single cone system is colorblind, in the
sense that different combinations of wavelength and intensity can result in the same
response from the cone system
✔✔why more than one receptor is necessary to see in color? - ✔✔we are unable to see
color with only one cone, with the help of three cones that all respond in different levels
of strength, we are able to perceive color and its intensities.
✔✔trichromatic theory of color vision - ✔✔the theory that the color of any light is
determined by the output of the three cone systems in our retinae
✔✔the three cones systems of the retinae - ✔✔S,M, and L cones
✔✔the opponent theory of color perception - ✔✔the theory that color perception arises
from three opponent mechanisms, for red-green, blue-yellow, and black-white
✔✔Hering's opponent-process theory - ✔✔all colors on the color circle can be
represented by two pairs of opposing colors
✔✔sorting into four groups - ✔✔green, red, yellow, and blue (western and non-western
cultures support this)
✔✔perception of color combinations - ✔✔non-primary colors look like combinations of
two primary colors but our perception of color supports that red and green don't
combine and blue and yellow don't combine (it it hard to imagine with color they would
make)
WITH ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Accidental viewpoints & features - ✔✔A viewing position that produces some
regularity in the visual image that is not present in the world
Perceptual committees assume viewpoints are not accidental
✔✔wavelength of light and color - ✔✔humans see wavelengths of light that vary
between 400 and 700 nm
✔✔visual spectrum - ✔✔the range of wavelengths that our eyes can detect (400-700)
✔✔heterochromatic light - ✔✔white light, consisting of many wavelengths
✔✔monochromatic light - ✔✔light consisting of one wavelength
✔✔spectral reflectance - ✔✔the ratio of light reflected by an object at each wavelength
✔✔achromatic lightness - ✔✔when objects reflect all light wavelengths equally; white
(90%) to gray (50%) to Black (10%)
✔✔hue - ✔✔the color quality of light, corresponding to the color names we use, such as
orange, green, indigo, and cyan; hue is the quality of color
✔✔quality - ✔✔the value that changes but does not make the value larger or smaller
✔✔saturation - ✔✔the purity of light; the more saturated the stimulus is, the stronger the
color experience; the less saturated the stimulus, the more it appears white or gray or
black (achromatic)
✔✔lightness - ✔✔the psychological experience of the amount of light that gets reflected
by a surface
✔✔Brightness - ✔✔the perceived intensity of the light present
✔✔additive color mixing - ✔✔the creation of a new color by a process that adds one set
of wavelengths to another set of wavelengths
✔✔subtractive color mixing - ✔✔color mixing in which a new color is made by the
removal of wavelengths from a light with a broad spectrum of wavelengths
✔✔metamer - ✔✔a psychophysical color match between two patches of light that have
different sets of wavelengths
, ✔✔color matching experiments - ✔✔observers adjusted the amounts of three different
wavelengths of light mixed together in a "comparison field" until the color of this mixture
matched the color of a single wavelength in a "test field"
✔✔s-cone - ✔✔the cone with its peak sensitivity to short-wavelength light, around 420
nm (blue)
✔✔M cone - ✔✔the cone with its peak sensitivity to medium-wavelength light, around
535 nm (green)
✔✔L-cone - ✔✔the cone with its peak sensitivity to long-wavelength light, around 565
nm (yellow)
✔✔the response of cones to a 500-nm light - ✔✔each cone system responds to this
light but with a weaker or stronger response. Color is partially determined by this pattern
of responses of each cone to any particular wavelength
✔✔Univariance - ✔✔the principle whereby any single cone system is colorblind, in the
sense that different combinations of wavelength and intensity can result in the same
response from the cone system
✔✔why more than one receptor is necessary to see in color? - ✔✔we are unable to see
color with only one cone, with the help of three cones that all respond in different levels
of strength, we are able to perceive color and its intensities.
✔✔trichromatic theory of color vision - ✔✔the theory that the color of any light is
determined by the output of the three cone systems in our retinae
✔✔the three cones systems of the retinae - ✔✔S,M, and L cones
✔✔the opponent theory of color perception - ✔✔the theory that color perception arises
from three opponent mechanisms, for red-green, blue-yellow, and black-white
✔✔Hering's opponent-process theory - ✔✔all colors on the color circle can be
represented by two pairs of opposing colors
✔✔sorting into four groups - ✔✔green, red, yellow, and blue (western and non-western
cultures support this)
✔✔perception of color combinations - ✔✔non-primary colors look like combinations of
two primary colors but our perception of color supports that red and green don't
combine and blue and yellow don't combine (it it hard to imagine with color they would
make)
