NUR505 Final Exam 2025 Questions
and Answers 100% Pass
A clinician is measuring lung capacity via spirometer. After asking the patient to inhale
as deeply as possible, the clinician instructs the patient to blow out fast and hard. Which
of the following lung volumes is most likely being measured? - ✔✔Vital capacity
Which lung filling level is associated with the lowest respiratory resistance and the
highest airflow rates? - ✔✔Total lung capacity
A patient presents with shortness of breath, cough, and increased pain with deep
breathing. A friction rub is heard upon auscultation over the left lung fields. Which of
the following is most likely to be the recommended treatment? - ✔✔Prepare the patient
for a thoracentesis
Which of the following diseases is least likely to cause decreased lung compliance? -
✔✔Asthma
Which of the following ma cause an increased compliance and decreased elastic recoil
in the lung? - ✔✔Exposure to oxidative stress
Which of the following may be involved in the etiology of COPD? - ✔✔Generation of
reactive oxygen species
Which of the following patients is at the greatest risk for obstructive sleep apnea? (OSA)
- ✔✔A 54-year-old male who complains of daytime fatigue and whose bed partner
reports snoring
A patient with a prior history of diabetes, and a recent knee injury that has severely
limited his ability to walk presents with an acute onset dyspnea and severe hypoxemia.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY EMILLY CHARLOTTE, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Upon arrival in the ED, he becomes unresponsive and his blood pressure drops to
70/30. You expect that the CT angiography will show? - ✔✔A pulmonary embolism
Which of these cases is not likely to have hypoxemia caused by general
hypoventilation? - ✔✔Embolism lodged in the right pulmonary artery
What anatomical mechanism explains the vulnerability of full-term infants to sever
presentation of bronchiolitis? - ✔✔Bronchioles and other peripheral airways have
smaller diameter until a child is 5 years old
Which diagnostic finding is most likely n a patient with a history of productive cough,
frequent lung infections, shortness of breath, and past smoking? - ✔✔Increased residual
volume and functional residual capacity
A patient complains of pain associated with inspiration. The most likely disease process
associated with breathing associated-pain is? - ✔✔Pleural effusion
Which of the following age related changes does not contribute to the risk of medication
toxicity? - ✔✔Increase in stage I biotransformation
Which kidney regulating substance increases to compensate for states of hypovolemia
and hypertension? - ✔✔B-type natriuretic peptide
A patient being treated for sepsis has a large increase in serum creatine. Which of the
following is most likely true? - ✔✔Prerenal kidney damage has occurred
Which type of patient is the greatest risk for prerenal kidney injury? - ✔✔An ICU sepsis
patient
How does chronic hypertension cause kidney damage? - ✔✔In hypertension, elevated
perfusion pressures cause nephron hyperfiltration and and afferent arteriole wall
thickening
Which of the following are diagnostic hallmarks of early kidney damage due to
coexisting hypertension me diabetes? - ✔✔Increased urine albumin/creatine ratio and
decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate
Which of the following correctly explains the primary mechanism of damage in diabetic
nephropathy? - ✔✔The formation of advanced glycation end products damages
glomerular structures
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY EMILLY CHARLOTTE, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
and Answers 100% Pass
A clinician is measuring lung capacity via spirometer. After asking the patient to inhale
as deeply as possible, the clinician instructs the patient to blow out fast and hard. Which
of the following lung volumes is most likely being measured? - ✔✔Vital capacity
Which lung filling level is associated with the lowest respiratory resistance and the
highest airflow rates? - ✔✔Total lung capacity
A patient presents with shortness of breath, cough, and increased pain with deep
breathing. A friction rub is heard upon auscultation over the left lung fields. Which of
the following is most likely to be the recommended treatment? - ✔✔Prepare the patient
for a thoracentesis
Which of the following diseases is least likely to cause decreased lung compliance? -
✔✔Asthma
Which of the following ma cause an increased compliance and decreased elastic recoil
in the lung? - ✔✔Exposure to oxidative stress
Which of the following may be involved in the etiology of COPD? - ✔✔Generation of
reactive oxygen species
Which of the following patients is at the greatest risk for obstructive sleep apnea? (OSA)
- ✔✔A 54-year-old male who complains of daytime fatigue and whose bed partner
reports snoring
A patient with a prior history of diabetes, and a recent knee injury that has severely
limited his ability to walk presents with an acute onset dyspnea and severe hypoxemia.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY EMILLY CHARLOTTE, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Upon arrival in the ED, he becomes unresponsive and his blood pressure drops to
70/30. You expect that the CT angiography will show? - ✔✔A pulmonary embolism
Which of these cases is not likely to have hypoxemia caused by general
hypoventilation? - ✔✔Embolism lodged in the right pulmonary artery
What anatomical mechanism explains the vulnerability of full-term infants to sever
presentation of bronchiolitis? - ✔✔Bronchioles and other peripheral airways have
smaller diameter until a child is 5 years old
Which diagnostic finding is most likely n a patient with a history of productive cough,
frequent lung infections, shortness of breath, and past smoking? - ✔✔Increased residual
volume and functional residual capacity
A patient complains of pain associated with inspiration. The most likely disease process
associated with breathing associated-pain is? - ✔✔Pleural effusion
Which of the following age related changes does not contribute to the risk of medication
toxicity? - ✔✔Increase in stage I biotransformation
Which kidney regulating substance increases to compensate for states of hypovolemia
and hypertension? - ✔✔B-type natriuretic peptide
A patient being treated for sepsis has a large increase in serum creatine. Which of the
following is most likely true? - ✔✔Prerenal kidney damage has occurred
Which type of patient is the greatest risk for prerenal kidney injury? - ✔✔An ICU sepsis
patient
How does chronic hypertension cause kidney damage? - ✔✔In hypertension, elevated
perfusion pressures cause nephron hyperfiltration and and afferent arteriole wall
thickening
Which of the following are diagnostic hallmarks of early kidney damage due to
coexisting hypertension me diabetes? - ✔✔Increased urine albumin/creatine ratio and
decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate
Which of the following correctly explains the primary mechanism of damage in diabetic
nephropathy? - ✔✔The formation of advanced glycation end products damages
glomerular structures
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY EMILLY CHARLOTTE, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
