PATH370 WEEK 3 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Aortic regurgitation is associated with
a. diastolic murmur.
b. elevated left ventricular/aortic systolic pressure gradient.
c. elevated systemic diastolic blood pressure.
d. shortened ventricular ejection phase. - ANSWER-a. diastolic murmur.
Constrictive pericarditis is associated with
a. impaired cardiac filling
b. cardiac hypertrophy.
c. increased cardiac preload.
d. elevated myocardial oxygen consumption. - ANSWER-a. impaired cardiac filling
Angina caused by coronary artery spasm is called _____ angina.
a. Stable
b. Classic
c. Unstable
d. Prinzmetal variant - ANSWER-d. Prinzmetal variant
The majority of cardiac cells that die after myocardial infarction do so because of
a. cell rupture.
b. insufficient glucose.
c. Thrombus.
d. Apoptosis. - ANSWER-d. Apoptosis.
Mitral stenosis is associated with
a. a prominent S4 heart sound.
b. a pressure gradient across the mitral valve.
c. left ventricular hypertrophy.
d. a muffled second heart sound (S2). - ANSWER-b. a pressure gradient across the mitral valve.
Atherosclerotic plaques with large lipid cores are prone to
a. Dislodgement.
b. Binding.
c. Rupture.
d. Attachment. - ANSWER-c. Rupture.
Lactated Ringer solution and normal saline are commonly used crystalloid solutions that contain
electrolytes.
a. True
b. False - ANSWER-a. True
A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. The patient is hyperventilating and is therefore at risk for
the respiratory complication of respiratory acidosis.
a .True
b. False - ANSWER-b. False
Pulse pressure is defined as
a. two thirds of systolic pressure + diastolic pressure.
b. systolic pressure + diastolic pressure.
c. systolic pressure - diastolic pressure.
d. systolic pressure × systemic resistance. - ANSWER-c. systolic pressure - diastolic pressure.
, A patient with a history of myocardial infarction continues to complain of intermittent chest pain brought
on by exertion and relieved by rest. The likely cause of this pain is
a. stable angina.
b. myocardial infarction.
c. coronary vasospasm.
d. unstable angina. - ANSWER-a. stable angina.
Hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds are classic manifestations of
a. myocardial infarction.
b. cardiac tamponade.
c. congestive heart failure (CHF).
d. cardiomyopathy. - ANSWER-b. cardiac tamponade.
After being diagnosed with hypertension, a patient returns to the clinic 6 weeks later. The patient reports
"moderate" adherence to the recommended lifestyle changes and has experienced a decrease from
165/96 to 148/90 mm Hg in blood pressure. What is the most appropriate intervention for this patient at
this time?
a. Continue lifestyle modifications only.
b. Continue lifestyle modifications plus diuretic therapy.
c. Continue lifestyle modifications plus ACE inhibitor therapy.
d. Continue lifestyle modifications plus b-blocker therapy. - ANSWER-a. Continue lifestyle modifications
only.
Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of
a. chronic intravenous drug abuse.
b. viral infection with herpesvirus.
c. β-hemolytic streptococcal infection.
d. cardiomyopathy. - ANSWER-c. β-hemolytic streptococcal infection.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors block the
a. release of rennin.
b. conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
c. conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
d. effect of aldosterone on the kidney. - ANSWER-b. conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
What compensatory sign would be expected during periods of physical exertion in a patient with limited
ventricular stroke volume?
a. Hypotension
b. Bradycardia
c. Aortic regurgitation
d. Tachycardia - ANSWER-d. Tachycardia
High blood pressure increases the workload of the left ventricle, because it increases
a. stroke volume.
b. blood volume.
c. preload.
d. afterload. - ANSWER-d. afterload.
Patent ductus arteriosus is accurately described as a(n)
a. opening between the atria.
b. stricture of the aorta that impedes blood flow.
c. communication between the aorta and the pulmonary artery.
d. cyanotic heart defect associated with right-to-left shunt. - ANSWER-c. communication between the
aorta and the pulmonary artery.
ANSWERS
Aortic regurgitation is associated with
a. diastolic murmur.
b. elevated left ventricular/aortic systolic pressure gradient.
c. elevated systemic diastolic blood pressure.
d. shortened ventricular ejection phase. - ANSWER-a. diastolic murmur.
Constrictive pericarditis is associated with
a. impaired cardiac filling
b. cardiac hypertrophy.
c. increased cardiac preload.
d. elevated myocardial oxygen consumption. - ANSWER-a. impaired cardiac filling
Angina caused by coronary artery spasm is called _____ angina.
a. Stable
b. Classic
c. Unstable
d. Prinzmetal variant - ANSWER-d. Prinzmetal variant
The majority of cardiac cells that die after myocardial infarction do so because of
a. cell rupture.
b. insufficient glucose.
c. Thrombus.
d. Apoptosis. - ANSWER-d. Apoptosis.
Mitral stenosis is associated with
a. a prominent S4 heart sound.
b. a pressure gradient across the mitral valve.
c. left ventricular hypertrophy.
d. a muffled second heart sound (S2). - ANSWER-b. a pressure gradient across the mitral valve.
Atherosclerotic plaques with large lipid cores are prone to
a. Dislodgement.
b. Binding.
c. Rupture.
d. Attachment. - ANSWER-c. Rupture.
Lactated Ringer solution and normal saline are commonly used crystalloid solutions that contain
electrolytes.
a. True
b. False - ANSWER-a. True
A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. The patient is hyperventilating and is therefore at risk for
the respiratory complication of respiratory acidosis.
a .True
b. False - ANSWER-b. False
Pulse pressure is defined as
a. two thirds of systolic pressure + diastolic pressure.
b. systolic pressure + diastolic pressure.
c. systolic pressure - diastolic pressure.
d. systolic pressure × systemic resistance. - ANSWER-c. systolic pressure - diastolic pressure.
, A patient with a history of myocardial infarction continues to complain of intermittent chest pain brought
on by exertion and relieved by rest. The likely cause of this pain is
a. stable angina.
b. myocardial infarction.
c. coronary vasospasm.
d. unstable angina. - ANSWER-a. stable angina.
Hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds are classic manifestations of
a. myocardial infarction.
b. cardiac tamponade.
c. congestive heart failure (CHF).
d. cardiomyopathy. - ANSWER-b. cardiac tamponade.
After being diagnosed with hypertension, a patient returns to the clinic 6 weeks later. The patient reports
"moderate" adherence to the recommended lifestyle changes and has experienced a decrease from
165/96 to 148/90 mm Hg in blood pressure. What is the most appropriate intervention for this patient at
this time?
a. Continue lifestyle modifications only.
b. Continue lifestyle modifications plus diuretic therapy.
c. Continue lifestyle modifications plus ACE inhibitor therapy.
d. Continue lifestyle modifications plus b-blocker therapy. - ANSWER-a. Continue lifestyle modifications
only.
Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of
a. chronic intravenous drug abuse.
b. viral infection with herpesvirus.
c. β-hemolytic streptococcal infection.
d. cardiomyopathy. - ANSWER-c. β-hemolytic streptococcal infection.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors block the
a. release of rennin.
b. conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
c. conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
d. effect of aldosterone on the kidney. - ANSWER-b. conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
What compensatory sign would be expected during periods of physical exertion in a patient with limited
ventricular stroke volume?
a. Hypotension
b. Bradycardia
c. Aortic regurgitation
d. Tachycardia - ANSWER-d. Tachycardia
High blood pressure increases the workload of the left ventricle, because it increases
a. stroke volume.
b. blood volume.
c. preload.
d. afterload. - ANSWER-d. afterload.
Patent ductus arteriosus is accurately described as a(n)
a. opening between the atria.
b. stricture of the aorta that impedes blood flow.
c. communication between the aorta and the pulmonary artery.
d. cyanotic heart defect associated with right-to-left shunt. - ANSWER-c. communication between the
aorta and the pulmonary artery.
