BIOLOGY EOC PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Two gametes containing 20 chromosomes fuse during fertilization. How many
chromosomes will the zygote cell contain? - ANSWER-Forty
A molecule can easily pass through the selectively permeable membrane of an
animal cell. Which of these most likely describes the molecule? - ANSWER-very
small and not charged
Which of these directly allows blood cells to transport oxygen to various parts of the
body? - ANSWER-Hemoglobin
One species of Galapagos finches, the cactus finch, eats insects off cactus plants. A
disease kills off most of the cacti in the Galapagos Islands. Which of these most
likely would happen to the carrying capacity of the island? - ANSWER-It would
decrease considerably since the finches are specifically adapted to their niche.
The chromosome structure in a cell accounts for genetic variation based on the order
of its... - ANSWER-nitrogen bases
What will happen if an animal cell that has a solute concentration of 1% is placed in
a 5% saltwater concentration? - ANSWER-It will shrink because there is less water
outside the cell than there is on the inside.
Which statement describes a way in which cellular respiration differs from
photosynthesis? - ANSWER-cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide
A cell with 24 chromosomes undergoes MITOSIS twice. How many chromosomes
will each daughter cell have? - ANSWER-24
The process of stem cells becoming specific kinds of cells is called: - ANSWER-
differentiation
Put these in order from small to large: organ, organelle, cell, organ system, tissue,
organism - ANSWER-Organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What is the formula for photosynthesis? - ANSWER-6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 +
6O2
What is the formula for Cellular Respiration? - ANSWER-C6H1206 + 6O2 = 6CO2 +
6H2O + ATP
Explain Hypertonic? - ANSWER-Soulutes are higher OUTSIDE the cell; water leaves
cell, cell shrinks.
, Explain Hypotonic? - ANSWER-Solutes are higher INSIDE the cell; water flows in,
cell swells, it could burst if it is continued. Remember: The cell swells Big O
Explain Isotonic? - ANSWER-Solutes inside = solutes outside and they move in and
out of the cell at an equal rate.
What is Osmosis? - ANSWER-Movement of water across a cell membrane; Water
moves from a high concentration to a low concentration. Diffusion of water through a
selectively permeable membrane.
Know the Parts of the Cell Membrane. The glucose molecule with move into/out of
the cell - ANSWER-Into
Explain Replication? - ANSWER-End product is Carbon Dioxide, water, & Glucose
and it takes place in the nucleus
Explain Transcription? - ANSWER-End product is DNA to RNA and it happens in the
nucleus
Explain Translation? - ANSWER-End product is mRNA to Amino Acid Proteins and it
takes place in the ribosomes/cytoplasm
Which type of items will move through the cell membrane easily? - ANSWER-Non-
charged particles
What is the process of moving molecules across the membrane and DOES require
energy - ANSWER-Active Transport
What is the process that DOES NOT require energy - ANSWER-Passive Transport
Know the Molecule of DNA - ANSWER-
If a mutation occurs in a somatic cell, what cell will be affected? - ANSWER-Only
daughter cells
If a mutation occurs in a gamete, what cells will be affected? - ANSWER-All cells
What are 2 other forms of asexual reproduction? - ANSWER-1. Binary Fission
2. Fragmentation
Whats a tetrad? - ANSWER-Pairing of homologous chromosomes
What is the Law of Segregation? - ANSWER-Separation of genes
What is Hapliod - ANSWER-A cell with half chromosomes
What is asexual reproduction? - ANSWER-The organism inheruts all of its
chromosomes from a single parent; it is identical to parents
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Two gametes containing 20 chromosomes fuse during fertilization. How many
chromosomes will the zygote cell contain? - ANSWER-Forty
A molecule can easily pass through the selectively permeable membrane of an
animal cell. Which of these most likely describes the molecule? - ANSWER-very
small and not charged
Which of these directly allows blood cells to transport oxygen to various parts of the
body? - ANSWER-Hemoglobin
One species of Galapagos finches, the cactus finch, eats insects off cactus plants. A
disease kills off most of the cacti in the Galapagos Islands. Which of these most
likely would happen to the carrying capacity of the island? - ANSWER-It would
decrease considerably since the finches are specifically adapted to their niche.
The chromosome structure in a cell accounts for genetic variation based on the order
of its... - ANSWER-nitrogen bases
What will happen if an animal cell that has a solute concentration of 1% is placed in
a 5% saltwater concentration? - ANSWER-It will shrink because there is less water
outside the cell than there is on the inside.
Which statement describes a way in which cellular respiration differs from
photosynthesis? - ANSWER-cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide
A cell with 24 chromosomes undergoes MITOSIS twice. How many chromosomes
will each daughter cell have? - ANSWER-24
The process of stem cells becoming specific kinds of cells is called: - ANSWER-
differentiation
Put these in order from small to large: organ, organelle, cell, organ system, tissue,
organism - ANSWER-Organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
What is the formula for photosynthesis? - ANSWER-6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 +
6O2
What is the formula for Cellular Respiration? - ANSWER-C6H1206 + 6O2 = 6CO2 +
6H2O + ATP
Explain Hypertonic? - ANSWER-Soulutes are higher OUTSIDE the cell; water leaves
cell, cell shrinks.
, Explain Hypotonic? - ANSWER-Solutes are higher INSIDE the cell; water flows in,
cell swells, it could burst if it is continued. Remember: The cell swells Big O
Explain Isotonic? - ANSWER-Solutes inside = solutes outside and they move in and
out of the cell at an equal rate.
What is Osmosis? - ANSWER-Movement of water across a cell membrane; Water
moves from a high concentration to a low concentration. Diffusion of water through a
selectively permeable membrane.
Know the Parts of the Cell Membrane. The glucose molecule with move into/out of
the cell - ANSWER-Into
Explain Replication? - ANSWER-End product is Carbon Dioxide, water, & Glucose
and it takes place in the nucleus
Explain Transcription? - ANSWER-End product is DNA to RNA and it happens in the
nucleus
Explain Translation? - ANSWER-End product is mRNA to Amino Acid Proteins and it
takes place in the ribosomes/cytoplasm
Which type of items will move through the cell membrane easily? - ANSWER-Non-
charged particles
What is the process of moving molecules across the membrane and DOES require
energy - ANSWER-Active Transport
What is the process that DOES NOT require energy - ANSWER-Passive Transport
Know the Molecule of DNA - ANSWER-
If a mutation occurs in a somatic cell, what cell will be affected? - ANSWER-Only
daughter cells
If a mutation occurs in a gamete, what cells will be affected? - ANSWER-All cells
What are 2 other forms of asexual reproduction? - ANSWER-1. Binary Fission
2. Fragmentation
Whats a tetrad? - ANSWER-Pairing of homologous chromosomes
What is the Law of Segregation? - ANSWER-Separation of genes
What is Hapliod - ANSWER-A cell with half chromosomes
What is asexual reproduction? - ANSWER-The organism inheruts all of its
chromosomes from a single parent; it is identical to parents
