MNG 230 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% ACCULATE

Mining accounts for approximately ______ of the US economy - ANSWERS15% In the US, which fuel minerals do we mine - ANSWERScoal, uranium a labor union found at many unionized mine sites is - ANSWERSUnited Mine Workers of America (UMWA) A major trade association in the mining industry is - ANSWERSNational Stone, Sand, and Gravel Association (NSSGA) A labor union engages in many activities, including: - ANSWERSworking with companies on matters of mutual interest advocating for the interests of its members which statement about us mining laws is true - ANSWERSin most cases, if a state's regulation is less protective than the corresponding federal regulation, then a mine will be required to comply with the federal regulation a trade association engages in many activities including - ANSWERSworking with congress on proposed legislation that would affect its members providing technical services of broad interest to its members the rank of a coal is based on what - ANSWERSheat value percent fixed carbon what is the fundamental difference between a maceral and a mineral - ANSWERSone is organic and the other is inorganic currently there are fewer than ten uranium-mining operations in the US - ANSWERStrue what is the goal if mineral processing - ANSWERSto concentrate the minerals of interest to beneficiate the valuable components of the ore to liberate the minerals of interest choose the industrial minerals from this list - ANSWERSsalt talc phosphate trona acme mining company has just moved into your small, scenic community. which of the following ideas might the company employ to build a positive relationship with the people and community in which they are located - ANSWERShold an acme mine community day with a cookout, mine tours, and an explanation of sound mining practices which of these key federal agencies routinely has at least one inspector at each mining operation multiple times per year and in large mines this agency often has at least one inspector on site nearly every single day - ANSWERSMSHA match the coal rank to its descriptors - ANSWERSanthracite- this is the highest rank of coal bituminous- rank of coal characterized by a heating value and is the most common type of coal used in electricity generation in US subbituminous- not the greatest in the heating value department, but not the worst of the four lignite- lowest grade of coal with least amount of carbon match the rank of coal to its descriptors - ANSWERSanthracite- hard, brittle, black, shiny called hard coal bituminous- looks shiny and smooth but close look shows many layers subbituminous- looks dull lignite- known as brown coal choose the answer that shows the 5 stages of mining in the correct order - ANSWERSprospecting, exploration, development, exploitation, reclamation match the activities to the correct stages of mining - ANSWERSbeneficiation activities- exploitation leaving area free of safety and environmental hazards- reclamation preparing for extraction of the ore/material- development finding geologic anomalies- prospecting a problem in risk management- exploration match the activities to the correct stages of mining - ANSWERSreturning to the mine site to its original condition- reclamation using mining equipment to extract the ore- exploitation using accumulated knowledge to narrow the search- prospecting estimating the quantity of the orebody- exploration conducting a feasibility study- development as related to mining, important acts within the category of environmental protection laws are - ANSWERSthe clean water act the endangered species act mining companies are not legally bound to comply with administrative regulations and will not face civil or criminal action for noncompliance - ANSWERSfalse choose the correct statement - ANSWERStitle 30 contains regulations related to the mineral resources if you've acquired the rights to mine on private land, what mineral rights are automatically transferred tp you - ANSWERSonly agreed upon minerals the owner of a patented claim can use the land for - ANSWERSany legal purpose choose true statements about unpatented claims - ANSWERSgives the right to explore and mine only valid during active work land can be reverted back to the public domain which federal us agency is responsible for administering the general mining law of 1872 - ANSWERSthe bureau of land management what must you do if you find historically or culturally significant items of structures on the land on which you have the right to mine - ANSWERSprotect findings laws are passed by the government, may have provisions with which mining companies must comply, and often direct administrative agencies to develop specific regulations to govern how the laws will be enforced - ANSWERStrue rights to prospect, explore, and mine for minerals that are not classified as locatable on public lands are conveyed by - ANSWERSleasing the land from the bureau of land management which of the following is false - ANSWERSan act is a bill that's been passed by the legislature but has not yet been signed into law the amendment to the general mining law of 1872 known as the mineral leasing act of 1920 made a very important change to the 1872 law - ANSWERSit removed several minerals from the list of those that could be classified as locatable under the original law the general mining law of 1872 is still controversial today because it allows for the depletion of the supply of valuable minerals - ANSWERSfalse the general mining law of 1872 defined locatable minerals as the types of minerals that could be claimed under the law - ANSWERScinnabar copper silver gold which of the following is true - ANSWERSa lode is a hard rock vein choose the industrial minerals from the list - ANSWERSsalt trona talc phosphate the economic value of mining in the us is about - ANSWERS$2.5 trillion what is the difference between a mineral resource and a mineral reserve - ANSWERSa resource is a potentially feasible deposit and a reserve is that portion of the deposit that can be mined economically at a point in time during the exploration stage the goal is to - ANSWERSdefine the deposit in as much detail as is practicable match the following terms with the definition - ANSWERSmineral resource- a concentration of ore in the earth's crust of sufficient size that may be economically recoverable measured mineral resource- high confidence in the estimate based off of sufficient sampling to ensure geologic and grade continuity between holes indicated mineral resource- reasonable confidence that estimate is accurate, but hole spacing too wide to confirm grade and geologic continuity inferred mineral resource- limited sampling and low confidence in what's there- the estimate comes from extrapolation mineral reserve- the portion of the mineral resource that can be mined economically in time proved mineral reserve- the portion of a measured mineral resource that can be mined economically in time identify the true statements regarding drilling for the purpose of sampling an orebody - ANSWERScores provide additional detail on the structural features of the deposit not available with cuttings cuttings are useful to determine the grade of the ore the most important outcome of a good sampling plan is - ANSWERSto acquire accurate estimates on the size and grade of the deposit the real difference between a probable mineral reserve and a proved mineral reserve is the degree of certainty in the resource estimate - ANSWERStrue why is knowledge of the geology associated with the target mineral useful - ANSWERSto give you an idea of the shape of the orebody so that you can design effective sampling the cutoff grade has been calculated for a specific mine. however, the cutoff grade will change in the future if - ANSWERSthe selling price of the refined product increases dilution increases recovery in the processing plant increases why is it necessary to calculate an area or volume of influence - ANSWERSbecause the sample from each drill will represent a different portion of the orebody based on its location use the following table to calculate the average grade of the deposit - ANSWERS4.94% you have to remove 30 tons of waste to mine 10 tons of ore. the density of the waste is 40 cubic yards/ton. Find the overall stripping ratio in cubic yards per ton - ANSWERS4 yd/ton which of the following statements is true - ANSWERSa significant amount of capital must be available first to open a mine and an engineering study is done before the opening of the mine factors that determine the mining method include - ANSWERSsize of orebody topography attitude shape of orebody why is it important to understand the mechanical properties of the mined material before it is mine - ANSWERSthe strength of the ore generally affects the choice mining method mining and subsequent mineral processing challenges can be determined by looking at what characterisitics - ANSWERSmineralogy and genesis of the orebody which type of study would be completed to facilitate the purchase of equipment - ANSWERSdefinitive the main purpose of the feasibility study is to - ANSWERSdecide if the mine should be built or not after years of hucksters and shysters attempting to sell worthless mineral deposits, major mining countries developed rigorous standards to ensure that conflicts of interest are clearly disclosed, the individuals doing the study meet certain minimum qualification, and to ensure - ANSWERScommon definitions are used in reporting technical information according to the NI 43-101, a qualified person must be attributed to the information. this person is defined as - ANSWERSengineer or geoscientist with at least 5 years experience in mining and in good standing with a professional organization surface mining is divided into two classes - ANSWERSmechanical and aqueous mechanical mining methods rely on mining the ore - ANSWERSwith machinery equipment to extract and break down the ore a type of an underground caving mining method is - ANSWERSlongwall match the ore to the mining method used to mine the ore - ANSWERSsolution- uranium room and pillar- salt quarrying- marble open pit- copper this type of mining method can be referred to as a secondary method and used when the first mining method has reached its economic limit - ANSWERSauger mining the goal in this mining method is to remove large slabs that can be machined to use in architectural application - ANSWERSquarrying what is the difference between supported and unsupported methods of mining - ANSWERSsupported methods require extensive supported measures. unsupported methods typically rely on minimal articial support depending on the ore what is the first factor in determining the mining method - ANSWERSdepth the majority of minerals are mined by - ANSWERSsurface methods the cutoff grade has been calculated for a specific mine, however the cutoff grade will change in the future if - ANSWERSdilution increases recovery in the processing plant increases the selling prices of the refined product increases in the us, about how many nonfuel minerals do we have - ANSWERS80 a loading machine that has the ability to load above, below, or at the same level at which it is sitting is known as - ANSWERShydraulic excavator a loading machine that can only dig at a level below the level at which it is sitting is known as - ANSWERSdragline if selectivity is important for a surface mining operation which loading machine is the best choice in the following list - ANSWERShydraulic excavator the most likely choice for materials handling in an underground mine with large openings using a conventional mining cycle is - ANSWERShaul truck the most likely choice of material handling in an underground mine using a continuous mining cycle is - ANSWERSflexible conveyor train an example of passive ground support is the use of - ANSWERSsteel arches which of the following are unit operations - ANSWERSnone of the answers continuous haulage includes - ANSWERShydraulic slurry conveyers continuous mining machines are not commonly used to mine - ANSWERSlimestone three pieces of equipment are used in a given operation. the availability of each piece has been determined to be 90%, 80%, and 70% during a typical shift. the availability of the operation will be approximately - ANSWERS50% rotary drag bits are generally best suited for drilling in - ANSWERSsoft materials which of the following activities is not necessarily part of the unit operations for softer ores - ANSWERSdrill or blast what is not an advantage of continuous mining methods - ANSWERSmore employees drillability factor and powder factor are two important metrics for monitoring the performance of your operation. choose the best way to represent these factors - ANSWERSft-drilled/ton of material and lb-explosive/ton of material true or false? to be most efficient and to avoid delays due to shuttle cars, a continuous miner might dump its load onto the mine floor - ANSWERStrue what are some viable structures for directing airflow for good ventilation in underground mines - ANSWERSstoppings curtains auxiliary fans spacing - ANSWERSthe distance between holes free face - ANSWERSan unconfined face through which the blasted material can move freely stemming - ANSWERSthe inert material placed in the top (front) of the hole sub-drilling - ANSWERSthe depth of the drill hole below the floor what are some things that drillers must do properly to ensure a successful blast outcome - ANSWERSdrilling the hole at exactly the specified angle controlling the depth or length of the hole what are some things that blasters must do properly to ensure a successful blast outcome - ANSWERScorrect mixing of the blasting agent at the hole (if batch loaded) proper loading procedures if theres water in the hole what are the three common components to industrial explosives - ANSWERSfuel oxidizers stabilizers what is the purpose of a stabilizer as a component to an industrial explosive - ANSWERSto improve handling of the explosive what happens when the oxygen balance is too high - ANSWERSNOx production Choose the common causes for why oxygen balance is lost - ANSWERSlack of confinement poor quality control at the batch mixing truck which of the following is an advantage of emulsions or slurries over ANFO - ANSWERSwater resistance what makes an explosive a permissable explosive - ANSWERSused according to the required practices certified by USBM weight strength - ANSWERSa measure of the explosive energy bulk strength - ANSWERSproduct of density and weight strength of the explosive; is indicative of the explosive energy in the hole critical diameter - ANSWERSminimum diameter of the explosive column to sustain the detonation or deflagration; determines size of the hole we drill critical density - ANSWERSmaximum density at which the explosion might not propogate in the diagram of a drift face the holes that would be placed in section b should be labeled as - ANSWERSstoping in the diagram of a drift face the holes that would be placed in section c should be labeled as - ANSWERSstoping the blasting of drift rounds is more challenging than blasting benches for one main reason what is the reason - ANSWERSthere is only one free face speaking of drift rounds what is commonly done to overcome the difficulty in blasting a drift round - ANSWERScreating a second free face with the 'cut' holes the most widely used angled cut is also known as the - ANSWERSv-cut when blasting reduced pull can be a sign of - ANSWERSan inexperienced driller or blaster whats the idea behind the sequencing of stoping holes - ANSWERSto ensure a good free face for the blasted material to move through whats the purpose of lifters - ANSWERSto help throw blasted material out into the drift for easy loading the number of mines in the US is approximately - ANSWERS13,000 the goal of mine design is to - ANSWERScreate a mine that exploits ore economically, safely, and environmentally responsbily the medium-term plan will inform which decisions - ANSWERSequipment purchases and other capital decisions choose a major mine uncertainty that a mine plan attempts to deal with - ANSWERSgeotechnical conditions why is the concept of net present value important to mine planning - ANSWERSso that future revenue streams can be compared at the same point in time what is the starting point for mine planning activities - ANSWERSa block model minimize the risk of delays in the initial cash flow - ANSWERSdetermine achievable production levels in the first few years of the mine life based on simulations and risk analysis maximize pit slope, while minimizing the risk of slope failure - ANSWERSuse the largest face angle possible to minimize stripping and related costs optimize cutoff grace and production rate - ANSWERSperform market surveys to make an accurate estimation of the amount of product that can be sold every year and at what price optimize method and equipment selection - ANSWERSa mine planner should subject the proposed mining strategy, mine development plans, equipment selection and environmental protection to very thorough what ifs which is the type of bench found in an open pit mine - ANSWERSworking bench in designing the open pit mine the bench height depends on several paramenters - ANSWERSsize and type of equipment to meet production requirements production rate overburden and ore properties required selectivity regulatory limits it is advantageous to make the bench face angle as steep as possible - ANSWERSto minimize the amount of stripping necessary to expose ore what is a potential consequence of making the bench face angle too steep - ANSWERSslope instability when do reclamation activities generally occur at an open cast mine - ANSWERSreclamation takes place throughout the mine life in area mining the purpose of a box cut is - ANSWERSto create a space to place overburden what is used to determine the hourly production rate of the dragline equipment - ANSWERSthe bucket capacity haulback is the most important type of which mining method - ANSWERScontour characteristics of haul back mining can be described by - ANSWERSoverburden moves in the opposite direction of mining mining follows the contour of the land when would you consider using auger mining - ANSWERSwhen the ultimate put limit has been reached highwall mining as compared to auger mining - ANSWERSallows for a greater recovery of coal when should you consider using a dredge - ANSWERSwhen a body of water is covering a placer deposit which dredge resembles a vacuum cleaner with a long hose - ANSWERShydraulic dredge choose commodities recovered by the borehole mining method - ANSWERSsalt sulfur uranium choose a circumstance in which you might use heap leaching - ANSWERSrecover uranium recover gold from low-grade ore that could not be economically processed by any other means choose commodities recovered by the open cast mining method - ANSWERSphosphate coal choose the industrial minerals from this list - ANSWERStalc trona salt phosphate what percentage of mines in the us are underground mines - ANSWERSfewer than 10% surface mining is generally less expensive than underground mining, so why do we mine by underground methods - ANSWERSzoning laws may prohibit surface mining ore is deep but too valuable not to mine name the most appropriate means of accessing an orebody for underground mining given the following information a limestone deposit under 75 ft of cover - ANSWERSbox cut a coal deposit under 800 ft of cover. rail haulage will be required to transport large machinery into and out of the mine - ANSWERSslope s shaft will be sunk using conventional methods in southern illinois. this area was heavily glaicated and the top 100 ft consists of unconsolidated alluvial till. what is the sequence of operations or steps that will be required to sink this shaft - ANSWERSplace refrigeration pipes around shaft location, freeze overburden, drill and blast frozen material, install shaft liners, continue shaft sinking back - ANSWERSroof, top, or overlying surface of an underground excavation hanging wall - ANSWERSwall rock above a deposit foot wall - ANSWERSwall rock under a deposit stope - ANSWERSlarge exploitation opening usually inclined or vertical but also may be horizontal pillar - ANSWERSunmined portion of the deposit, providing support to the roof or hanging wall overhand - ANSWERSadvancing in an upward direction assume a flat-lying and tabular deposit. benching is being practiced. what would the reason be for benching - ANSWERSto mine a thick deposit when would room and pillar be selected over open stopinng - ANSWERSwhen the deposit is horizontal or nearly horizontal what is a defining difference between shrinkage stoping and open stoping - ANSWERSin shrinkage, most of the broken ore remains in the stope to support the hanging and foot walls vertical crater retreat is an important and modern variation of shrinkage stoping what are the benfits that make this variation so desirable - ANSWERSminers and equipment do not enter the stope the vcr method can be highly mechanized what is the equipemtn used for a continuous cycle in a soft-rock room and pillar mine - ANSWERSshuttle car continuous miner the mineralized zones of a recently discovered gold deposit are thin, sinuous veins in a weak host rock. the most likely choice of a mining method would be - ANSWERScut and fill underground mining methods are classified into one of three groups based on - ANSWERSthe degree of difficulty in maintaining a stable opening the longwall mining method is used around the world in high-production coal min