Intro to Biology (college) Exam 1 Questions
With All Correct Answers
What are the characteristics common to all living things? Correct answer-• All living things are
made of cells
• All living things are organized and made of the
same molecules
• All living things grow, develop, and reproduce
• All living things use raw materials, produce, and use
energy
• All living things respond to the environment
• All living things maintain homeostasis
• Populations of living things evolve
what determines if something is a science? Correct answer-• Focuses on the natural world
• Aims to explain the natural world
• Uses testable ideas
• Relies on evidence
• Usually leads to ongoing research
• Involves the scientific community
What does science do? Correct answer-it aims to understand the natural
world through observation and reasoning
What are two major types of reasoning used in science? Correct answer-• deductive reasoning-
from general to
specific
• inductive reasoning- from specific to
general
What are the main steps of the scientific method? Correct answer-- Observation
- Hypothesis
- Prediction
- Experimentation
- Conclusion
hypothesis Correct answer-possible explanation for an
observation
prediction Correct answer-what you expect if your hypothesis were true
peer review Correct answer-people who read an article and provide feedback
basic research Correct answer-is intended to extend the boundaries of what we know
applied research Correct answer-- Foundation provided by basic research
- May involve the manufacture of food
additives or drugs
, Hypothesis vs. Theory Correct answer-• Hypotheses - proposed explanations for a narrow set of
phenomena
• Theories - broad explanations for a wide range of
phenomena. Theories integrate and generate many
hypotheses.
What are some types of evidence that support the Theory of Evolution through Natural Selection?
Correct answer-
How did the atmosphere of early earth differ from now? Correct answer-Popular view of early
atmosphere:
• Carbon dioxide
• Nitrogen gas
• Water vapor
• Hydrogen gas
• Other sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon compound
Current atmosphere:
• Nitrogen
•Oxygen
• Argon
• Carbon dioxide
• Other trace molecules.
What did Miller-Urey experiment demonstrate? Correct answer-reproduce early atmosphere
Where are some current hypotheses for the source of the first biological molecules? Correct
answer-
what are microspheres and why are they important in understanding the origin of life? Correct
answer-they are pre-cells.
What was the first probable genetic material? Correct answer-RNA
What are the first fossil signs of life on earth? Correct answer-• 3.7 BYA by stromatolites (BY=
billion years)
• 3.0-3.1 BY fossil cells
• 1.3-1.8 BY First complex cells (with organelles)
• 700 MY Multicellularity
What are stromatolites? Correct answer-structures produced by
microorganisms by trapping of sediments and other particles
What is matter? Correct answer-Anything that has mass and occupies space
What are elements? Correct answer-basic building blocks of matter that cannot be broken down
by chemical means.
What is an atom and what is its structure? Correct answer-the smallest unit of an element that
With All Correct Answers
What are the characteristics common to all living things? Correct answer-• All living things are
made of cells
• All living things are organized and made of the
same molecules
• All living things grow, develop, and reproduce
• All living things use raw materials, produce, and use
energy
• All living things respond to the environment
• All living things maintain homeostasis
• Populations of living things evolve
what determines if something is a science? Correct answer-• Focuses on the natural world
• Aims to explain the natural world
• Uses testable ideas
• Relies on evidence
• Usually leads to ongoing research
• Involves the scientific community
What does science do? Correct answer-it aims to understand the natural
world through observation and reasoning
What are two major types of reasoning used in science? Correct answer-• deductive reasoning-
from general to
specific
• inductive reasoning- from specific to
general
What are the main steps of the scientific method? Correct answer-- Observation
- Hypothesis
- Prediction
- Experimentation
- Conclusion
hypothesis Correct answer-possible explanation for an
observation
prediction Correct answer-what you expect if your hypothesis were true
peer review Correct answer-people who read an article and provide feedback
basic research Correct answer-is intended to extend the boundaries of what we know
applied research Correct answer-- Foundation provided by basic research
- May involve the manufacture of food
additives or drugs
, Hypothesis vs. Theory Correct answer-• Hypotheses - proposed explanations for a narrow set of
phenomena
• Theories - broad explanations for a wide range of
phenomena. Theories integrate and generate many
hypotheses.
What are some types of evidence that support the Theory of Evolution through Natural Selection?
Correct answer-
How did the atmosphere of early earth differ from now? Correct answer-Popular view of early
atmosphere:
• Carbon dioxide
• Nitrogen gas
• Water vapor
• Hydrogen gas
• Other sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon compound
Current atmosphere:
• Nitrogen
•Oxygen
• Argon
• Carbon dioxide
• Other trace molecules.
What did Miller-Urey experiment demonstrate? Correct answer-reproduce early atmosphere
Where are some current hypotheses for the source of the first biological molecules? Correct
answer-
what are microspheres and why are they important in understanding the origin of life? Correct
answer-they are pre-cells.
What was the first probable genetic material? Correct answer-RNA
What are the first fossil signs of life on earth? Correct answer-• 3.7 BYA by stromatolites (BY=
billion years)
• 3.0-3.1 BY fossil cells
• 1.3-1.8 BY First complex cells (with organelles)
• 700 MY Multicellularity
What are stromatolites? Correct answer-structures produced by
microorganisms by trapping of sediments and other particles
What is matter? Correct answer-Anything that has mass and occupies space
What are elements? Correct answer-basic building blocks of matter that cannot be broken down
by chemical means.
What is an atom and what is its structure? Correct answer-the smallest unit of an element that
