C484 Organizational Behavior and
Leadership - Key Terms UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
PERSONALITY - CORRECT ANSWER - Gordon Allport said personality is "the
dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his
unique adjustments to his environment"
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
HEREDITY - CORRECT ANSWER - factors determined at conception.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR - CORRECT ANSWER - the most widely used
personality assessment in the world. Includes scales on introversion/extroversion,
sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling and judging/perceiving.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY MODEL - CORRECT ANSWER - personality typing
instrument which includes extraversion, agreeableness, Conscientiousness, emotional stability,
openness to experience.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
MACHIAVELLIANISM - CORRECT ANSWER - (Mach) the degree to which an
individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes the end justifies the means.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
NARCISSISM - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose
sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
,SELF-MONITORING - CORRECT ANSWER - a personality trait that measures an
individual's ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
PROACTIVE PERSONALITY - CORRECT ANSWER - people identify opportunities,
show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
VALUES - CORRECT ANSWER - basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or
end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of
conduct or end-state of existence.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
TERMINAL VALUES - CORRECT ANSWER - desirable end-states of existence; the
goals a person would like to achieve during his or her lifetime.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
INSTRUMENTAL VALUES - CORRECT ANSWER - preferable modes of behavior or
means of achieving one's terminal values.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
POWER DISTANCE - CORRECT ANSWER - a national culture attribute that describes
the extent to which a society accepts That power in institutions and organizations is distributed
unequally.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
*PERCEPTION - CORRECT ANSWER - a process by which individuals organize and
interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
, *ATTRIBUTION THEORY - CORRECT ANSWER - an attempt to determine whether an
individual's behavior is internally or externally caused.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*FUNDAMENTAL ATTRIBUTION ERROR - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency to
underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors
when making judgments about the behavior of others.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*SELF-SERVING BIAS - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency for individuals to attribute
their own successes to internal factors and put the blame for failures on external factors.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*SELECTIVE PERCEPTION - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency to selectively
interpret what one sees On the basis of one's interests, background, experience and attitude.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*HALO EFFECT - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency to draw a general impression
about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*CONTRAST EFFECT - CORRECT ANSWER - evaluation of a person's characteristics
that is affected by comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower
on the same characteristics.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*STEREOTYPING - CORRECT ANSWER - judging someone on the basis on one's
perception of the group to which that person belongs.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
Leadership - Key Terms UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
PERSONALITY - CORRECT ANSWER - Gordon Allport said personality is "the
dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his
unique adjustments to his environment"
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
HEREDITY - CORRECT ANSWER - factors determined at conception.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR - CORRECT ANSWER - the most widely used
personality assessment in the world. Includes scales on introversion/extroversion,
sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling and judging/perceiving.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY MODEL - CORRECT ANSWER - personality typing
instrument which includes extraversion, agreeableness, Conscientiousness, emotional stability,
openness to experience.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
MACHIAVELLIANISM - CORRECT ANSWER - (Mach) the degree to which an
individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes the end justifies the means.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
NARCISSISM - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose
sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
,SELF-MONITORING - CORRECT ANSWER - a personality trait that measures an
individual's ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
PROACTIVE PERSONALITY - CORRECT ANSWER - people identify opportunities,
show initiative, take action, and persevere until meaningful change occurs.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
VALUES - CORRECT ANSWER - basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or
end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of
conduct or end-state of existence.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
TERMINAL VALUES - CORRECT ANSWER - desirable end-states of existence; the
goals a person would like to achieve during his or her lifetime.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
INSTRUMENTAL VALUES - CORRECT ANSWER - preferable modes of behavior or
means of achieving one's terminal values.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
POWER DISTANCE - CORRECT ANSWER - a national culture attribute that describes
the extent to which a society accepts That power in institutions and organizations is distributed
unequally.
Competency 1 - Chapter 5, Personality and Values
*PERCEPTION - CORRECT ANSWER - a process by which individuals organize and
interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
, *ATTRIBUTION THEORY - CORRECT ANSWER - an attempt to determine whether an
individual's behavior is internally or externally caused.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*FUNDAMENTAL ATTRIBUTION ERROR - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency to
underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors
when making judgments about the behavior of others.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*SELF-SERVING BIAS - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency for individuals to attribute
their own successes to internal factors and put the blame for failures on external factors.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*SELECTIVE PERCEPTION - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency to selectively
interpret what one sees On the basis of one's interests, background, experience and attitude.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*HALO EFFECT - CORRECT ANSWER - the tendency to draw a general impression
about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*CONTRAST EFFECT - CORRECT ANSWER - evaluation of a person's characteristics
that is affected by comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower
on the same characteristics.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
*STEREOTYPING - CORRECT ANSWER - judging someone on the basis on one's
perception of the group to which that person belongs.
COMPETENCY 1 - CHAPTER 6, Perception and Individual Decision Making
