BIO 225 (Microbiology) CHAPTER OUTLINE FOR ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY AND IMMUNIZATION FROM MICROBIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS A CLINICAL APPROACH, COWAN SMITH GREENE VILLE TECHNICAL COLLEGE

BIO 225 (Microbiology) CHAPTER
OUTLINE FOR ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY
AND IMMUNIZATION FROM
MICROBIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS A
CLINICAL APPROACH, COWAN
SMITH GREENE VILLE TECHNICAL
COLLEGE

, Chapter 13: Adaptive Immunity and Immunization



Adaptive Immunity: The Third and Final Line of Defense
What features make adaptive immunity special? (see pg 368)
• Specificity-response is focused on a single antigen
• Diversity-there is always at least one cell that can react against any
antigen
• Inducibility-only turned on when triggered
• Clonality-generates millions of cells with the same specificity
• Tolerance-does not react with self-antigens
• Memory-rapid mobilization of lymphocytes preprogrammed to recall
their first engagement with the antigen
Pay special attention to the terms “specificity” and “memory”
Principal stages of immunologic development and interaction:
• Lymphocyte development and clonal deletion
• Presentation of antigen and clonal selection
• Challenge of B and T cells by antigens
• Lymphocyte response
- T-lymphocytes: cell-mediated immunity
- B-lymphocytes: humoral immunity



Lymphocyte Development
All lymphocytes arise from the same basic stem cell type.
B cells mature in specialized bone marrow sites.
T cells mature in the thymus.

B and T cells constantly recirculate through the circulatory system and
lymphatics, migrating into and out of the lymphoid organs.
By the time B and T cells reach lymphoid tissues, each one is equipped to
respond to a single unique antigen(s).