MARYVILLE NURS 611 STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔How do bowel obstructions present in the early stage? - ✔✔with abdominal
distention.
✔✔What happens metabolically if the bowel obstruction is at the pylorus or high in the
small intestine? - ✔✔metabolic alkalosis develops initially as a result of excessive loss
of hydrogen ions that normally would be reabsorbed from the gastric juice.
✔✔What occurs with prolonged intestinal obstruction? - ✔✔the lack of circulation
produces lactic acid (decreased tissue perfusion) thus metabolic acidosis.
✔✔What are the risk factors for PUD? - ✔✔genetic predisposition, H. pylori, and
habitual use of NSAIDs. Other risk factors include alcohol abuse, smoking acute
pancreatitis, COPD, obesity, cirrhosis, and age > 65.
✔✔What does the chronic use of NSAIDs do to the stomach lining? - ✔✔suppresses
mucosal prostagladin synthesis, resulting in decreased bicarbonate secretion and mucin
production and increased secretion of HCL.
✔✔What are the clinical manifestations of dumping syndrome? - ✔✔increased pulse,
hypotension, weakness, pallor, sweating, and dizziness following a partial gastrectomy
or pyloroplasty. Occurs about 20 minutes after eating.
✔✔What happens during dumping syndrome? - ✔✔occurs about 20 minutes after
eating. Rapid gastric emptying and creation of a high osmotic gradient within the small
intestine causes a shift from vascular compartment to the intestinal lumen.
✔✔How do you manage dumping syndrome? - ✔✔dietary management with frequent
small meals, no fluids during meals, high protein, low carb diet. Sugar really activates
the response.
✔✔Age of onset for UC? - ✔✔any age, 10-40 years most common
✔✔Age of onset for CD? - ✔✔any age, 10-30 years most common
✔✔Family hx predisposition for UC? - ✔✔less common.
✔✔Family hx predisposition for CD? - ✔✔more common.
✔✔Gender prevalance for UC and CD. - ✔✔equal in men and women for UC about
equal in CD.
, ✔✔Location of lesions for UC. - ✔✔colon and rectum.
✔✔Location of lesions for CD. - ✔✔all of the GI tract, mouth to anus, "skip" lesions
common.
✔✔Inflammation and ulceration in UC. - ✔✔mucosal layer involved.
✔✔Inflammation and ulceration with CD. - ✔✔entire intestinal wall involved.
✔✔What are common manifestations of CD? - ✔✔fistulae and abscess, strictures and
possible obstructions are common. Abdominal pain, diarrhea, small intestinal
malabsorption, and steatorrhea are common.
✔✔What are the common manifestations of UC? - ✔✔occassional abdominal pain,
diarrhea, bloody stools are common.
✔✔What is one of the main functions of the liver? - ✔✔the deamination of amino acids.
✔✔Any condition that disrupts the normal functioning of the liver (hepatocyte
dysfunction) can cause what? - ✔✔hypoalbuminemia.
✔✔What are the pathologic lesions of hepatitis similar to? - ✔✔lesions caused by other
viral infections.
✔✔What is some of the damage caused by hepatitis? - ✔✔hepatic cell necrosis,
scarring, Kupffer cell hyperplasia, and infiltration by mononuclear phagocytes.
✔✔What is hepatitis B associated with? - ✔✔acute fulminating hepatitis, a rare form of
the disease that is characterized by massive hepatic necrosis.
✔✔Damage tends to be most severe in which cases of hepatitis? - ✔✔hepatitis B and
C.
✔✔When does the prodromal (preicteric) phase of hepatitis occur? - ✔✔it begins about
2 weeks after exposure and ends with the appearance of jaundice.
✔✔What are the prodromal symptoms that precede the onset of jaundice? - ✔✔fatigue,
anorexia, malaise, N/V, headache, hyperalgia, cough, and low-grade fever.
✔✔Steatorrhea is what? - ✔✔fat in the stool. It is bulky stool that floats and is oily and
smells foul.
✔✔Explain the icteric phase of hepatitis. - ✔✔it begins about 1 to 2 weeks after the
prodromal phase and last two to six weeks.
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔How do bowel obstructions present in the early stage? - ✔✔with abdominal
distention.
✔✔What happens metabolically if the bowel obstruction is at the pylorus or high in the
small intestine? - ✔✔metabolic alkalosis develops initially as a result of excessive loss
of hydrogen ions that normally would be reabsorbed from the gastric juice.
✔✔What occurs with prolonged intestinal obstruction? - ✔✔the lack of circulation
produces lactic acid (decreased tissue perfusion) thus metabolic acidosis.
✔✔What are the risk factors for PUD? - ✔✔genetic predisposition, H. pylori, and
habitual use of NSAIDs. Other risk factors include alcohol abuse, smoking acute
pancreatitis, COPD, obesity, cirrhosis, and age > 65.
✔✔What does the chronic use of NSAIDs do to the stomach lining? - ✔✔suppresses
mucosal prostagladin synthesis, resulting in decreased bicarbonate secretion and mucin
production and increased secretion of HCL.
✔✔What are the clinical manifestations of dumping syndrome? - ✔✔increased pulse,
hypotension, weakness, pallor, sweating, and dizziness following a partial gastrectomy
or pyloroplasty. Occurs about 20 minutes after eating.
✔✔What happens during dumping syndrome? - ✔✔occurs about 20 minutes after
eating. Rapid gastric emptying and creation of a high osmotic gradient within the small
intestine causes a shift from vascular compartment to the intestinal lumen.
✔✔How do you manage dumping syndrome? - ✔✔dietary management with frequent
small meals, no fluids during meals, high protein, low carb diet. Sugar really activates
the response.
✔✔Age of onset for UC? - ✔✔any age, 10-40 years most common
✔✔Age of onset for CD? - ✔✔any age, 10-30 years most common
✔✔Family hx predisposition for UC? - ✔✔less common.
✔✔Family hx predisposition for CD? - ✔✔more common.
✔✔Gender prevalance for UC and CD. - ✔✔equal in men and women for UC about
equal in CD.
, ✔✔Location of lesions for UC. - ✔✔colon and rectum.
✔✔Location of lesions for CD. - ✔✔all of the GI tract, mouth to anus, "skip" lesions
common.
✔✔Inflammation and ulceration in UC. - ✔✔mucosal layer involved.
✔✔Inflammation and ulceration with CD. - ✔✔entire intestinal wall involved.
✔✔What are common manifestations of CD? - ✔✔fistulae and abscess, strictures and
possible obstructions are common. Abdominal pain, diarrhea, small intestinal
malabsorption, and steatorrhea are common.
✔✔What are the common manifestations of UC? - ✔✔occassional abdominal pain,
diarrhea, bloody stools are common.
✔✔What is one of the main functions of the liver? - ✔✔the deamination of amino acids.
✔✔Any condition that disrupts the normal functioning of the liver (hepatocyte
dysfunction) can cause what? - ✔✔hypoalbuminemia.
✔✔What are the pathologic lesions of hepatitis similar to? - ✔✔lesions caused by other
viral infections.
✔✔What is some of the damage caused by hepatitis? - ✔✔hepatic cell necrosis,
scarring, Kupffer cell hyperplasia, and infiltration by mononuclear phagocytes.
✔✔What is hepatitis B associated with? - ✔✔acute fulminating hepatitis, a rare form of
the disease that is characterized by massive hepatic necrosis.
✔✔Damage tends to be most severe in which cases of hepatitis? - ✔✔hepatitis B and
C.
✔✔When does the prodromal (preicteric) phase of hepatitis occur? - ✔✔it begins about
2 weeks after exposure and ends with the appearance of jaundice.
✔✔What are the prodromal symptoms that precede the onset of jaundice? - ✔✔fatigue,
anorexia, malaise, N/V, headache, hyperalgia, cough, and low-grade fever.
✔✔Steatorrhea is what? - ✔✔fat in the stool. It is bulky stool that floats and is oily and
smells foul.
✔✔Explain the icteric phase of hepatitis. - ✔✔it begins about 1 to 2 weeks after the
prodromal phase and last two to six weeks.
