AAB MT Basic Knowledge Questions with Answers Correct!!

3 - ANSWERSWhat is the minimum number of standards required for a standard curve? 1000X - ANSWERSWhat is the maximum magnification using a brightfield microscope? Glass volumetric pipettes - ANSWERSWhat is the most accurate pipette for reconstituting control material? Milli- - ANSWERSWhich unit of measure refers to 10^-3? 225/75= 3.00 - ANSWERSWhat is the calculated cholesterol/HDL ratio given the following results? Cholesterol 225 mg/dL HDL 75 mg/dL 1:5 - ANSWERS200 microliters of patient serum is diluted with 800 microliters of saline. What is the final dilution? LDL = Total cholesterol - HDL - (TG/5) 112 = 225 - 75 - (190/5) - ANSWERSWhat is the calculated LDL cholesterol given the following lipid profile results? Triglycerides 190 mg/dL Cholesterol 225 mg/dL HDL 75 mg/dL 1.18 x 10^-5 x r x rpm^2 - ANSWERSHow is relative centrifugal force calculated? Flammable safety cabinet - ANSWERSWhere should an unopened container of methanol be stored? Hepatitis B and HIV - ANSWERSWhich bloodborne pathogens are of greatest risk to laboratorians? After pulling the alarm - ANSWERSWhen a fire occurs, when should the hospital operator be notified of the fire? 1:1000 - ANSWERSWhat is the accuracy of a volumetric pipette? Primary standard - ANSWERSWhat is the term used to describe a 99.95% purified chemical that can be measured directly referred to as? What is a solution in which the molecules of solute in the solution are in equilibrium with excess undissolved molecules referred to as? - ANSWERSBadly written question 7.0 - ANSWERSWhat is the pH of pure water? Coefficient of variation - ANSWERSWhich statistical term most specifically describes analytical precision? 95.45% - ANSWERSA procedure has a 2SD variation from a mean value. How many values from a normal population will 2SD include? 12-16 hours - ANSWERSTo produce reliable results, how long should a patient fast before having blood drawn for lipid studies? 100 mL bleach added to 900 mL water - ANSWERSHow is a 10% bleach solution to disinfect the work area made? Yellow - ANSWERSReactivity is what color diamond using the National Fire Protection Agency code? Buffer - ANSWERSWhat is a substance that minimizes any change in hydrogen ion concentration? Whole blood - ANSWERSWhich type of specimen provides the fastest turnaround time? 17.7-18.3 mg/dL - ANSWERSIf the mean for BUN is 18.0 and one standard deviation is 0.15, then what is the acceptable range for this control? 0.13/18.0 = 0.7% - ANSWERSIf the mean for BUN is 18.0 and one standard deviation is 0.13, then what is the coefficient of variation? 3.8/(.3+.8+1.2+1.1) = 1.1 - ANSWERSThe total protein is 7.2 g/dL. The serum protein results are: Albumin 53.0% 3.8 g/dL Alpha1 3.6% 0.3 g/dL Alpha2 11.0% 0.8 g/dL Beta 17.6% 1.2 g/dL Gamma 14.8% 1.1 g/dL What is the A/G ratio? 4 types of centrifuges - ANSWERS-tabletop -microcentrifuges -high-speed centrifuges(17,) -ultracentrifuges(150000) 3 types of pipettes - ANSWERS1. automated 2. semi-automated 3. glass Automated pipettes - ANSWERSfrequently used to prepare many samples for analysis and can be an integral part of automated analyzer Semi-automated micropipettes - ANSWERScontain or deliver small volumes of liquid ranging from 1 to 1000ul 2 types of displacement for semi-automated pipettes - ANSWERSair displacement: forward & reverse positive displacement Types of glass pipettes - ANSWERS-transfer/volumetric -measuring/graduated -to contain (TC) or rinse-out pipettes -to deliver (TD) pipettes -to deliver/blow-out Transfer/volumetric pipettes - ANSWERShave a bulb in the middle of the pipette with a tapered delivery tip Measuring/Graduated pipette - ANSWERSuniform in diameter with a tapered delivery tip To Contain (TC) or Rinse-out pipettes - ANSWERSmust be rinsed with the appropriate solvent after the initial liquid has been drained from these pipettes To Deliver (TD) pipettes - ANSWERSfilled & allowed to drain by gravity -must be vertically and the tip placed against the side of the receiving vessel To Deliver/Blow Out pipette - ANSWERSare filled and allowed to drain, after which the remaining fluid in the tip is blown out. -easily identified by the 2 frosted bands near mouthpiece of the pipette Temperature of Heat Blocks/Water baths - ANSWERS36C-38C Temperature of Refrigerators - ANSWERSLaboratory 2C-8C Blood Banking 1C-6C Temperature of Freezers - ANSWERSLaboratory <18C Blood Bank <65C Bright-field microscopy - ANSWERS-simplest of all the light microscopy -sample illumination is via transmitted white light illuminated from below and observed from above -most commonly used microscope Dark-field microscopy - ANSWERS-technique for improving the contrast of unstained, transparent specimen -uses a carefully aligned light source to minimize the quantity of directly transmitted light entering the image plane, collecting only the light scattered by sample Electron microscopy - ANSWERS-electrons illuminate a specimen and create an enlarged image -uses electrostatic and electromagnetic lenses in forming the image by controlling the electron beam to focus it at a specific plane relative to the specimen in a manner similar to how a light microscope uses glass lenses to focus light on or through a specimen to form an image Fluorescent microscopy - ANSWERS-uses fluorescence instead of reflection and absorption to view object Phase-contrast microscopy - ANSWERS-widely used technique in which small phase shifts in the light passing through a transparent specimen show differences in refractive index as difference in contrast Polarized microscopy - ANSWERS-technique only produces transmitted polarized light Applications for polarized light microscopes - ANSWERSmedical applications- viewing microscopic crystals in urine Eyepiece lens - ANSWERSlens at the top that you look through, usually 10X tube - ANSWERSconnects the eyepiece to the objective lens arm - ANSWERSsupports the tube and connects it to the base base - ANSWERSbottom of microscope used for support light source - ANSWERSsends light up through the diaphragm and through the slide for viewing stage - ANSWERSthe flat platform where the slides are placed nosepiece - ANSWERSthe part that holds the objective lenses and can be rotated to change power condenser lens - ANSWERSfocus the light onto the specimen iris diaphragm - ANSWERSrotating disk under stage; used to vary the intensity and size of the cone of light that is projected upward into the slide coarse adjustment - ANSWERSused to focus the slide under low power fine adjustment - ANSWERSused to focus the slide under high-power/oil immersion low-power objective - ANSWERSusually 10x objective high-power objective - ANSWERSusually 40x objective oil-immersion objective - ANSWERSusually 100x objective Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - ANSWERStype of lipoprotein that transport cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to peripheral tissues Beer's Law - ANSWERSstates that the concentration of a substance is directly proportional to the amount of radiant energy absorbed or inversely proportional to the logarithm of the transmitted radiant energy Chain of Custody - ANSWERSrefers to the chronological documentation and/or paper trail showing the procurement, custody, control, transfer, analysis, and disposition of the specimen Purpose of Chain of Custody - ANSWERSrequired for any specimen that will be used as evidence in a legal proceeding Examples of a Chain of Custody - ANSWERS-legal blood alcohol to prosecute DUI cases -department of transportation drug testing -paternity testing -DNA analysis -Rape cases Reflex testing - ANSWERSperformance of a test on a patient specimen only after a particular analyte is abnormal or outside of a predetermined range