LIFEGUARD RED CROSS EXAM MANUAL 2025/2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Passive Drowning Victim - ✔✔An unconscious victim face-down, submerged or near
the surface.
✔✔What are signs of spinal victim? - ✔✔unusual bumps or bruises, pain, bleeding, loss
of balance, etc. If the incident happened and you did not witness it, you can assume it
was a spinal. Reassess what they were doing before the incident
✔✔Your primary responsibility as a lifeguard is? - ✔✔Preventing injuries, enforcing
rules, recognizing and responding quickly to emergencies, administering first aid and
CPR, and informing others when help is needed. Watching the water
✔✔How do you treat a victim with a head, back, or neck injury? - ✔✔minimize
movement of area, if victim is in the water, immobilize them using a backboard. If the
victim is not breathing remove them first. call EMS first!
✔✔What do you do if you cant see a part of the pool because of glare? - ✔✔move to a
different position, ask to move the stand, get a closer look
✔✔A patron is running on deck. What should you do? - ✔✔Ask them politely to stop
running. If they choose to ignore you advice them of certain consequences
✔✔When you have a victim with a head neck or back injury. What is the technique you
use in the water called? - ✔✔Head-Splint technique. Keeping both hands on muscles
pressing against the head
✔✔A head, back, or neck injury rarely happens where? - ✔✔supervised diving in the
deep end
✔✔What is an AFR? - ✔✔Accidental Fecal Release
✔✔How do you handle an AFR? - ✔✔direct all patrons to exit the pool that uses the
same filtration system, remove as much of the material as possible with a scoop net
trying not to break it apart. Dispose of.
✔✔AFR: stool - ✔✔Filtration system, pH below 7.5, raise free chlorine to at leaast 2
ppm, maintain levels for 25 min
✔✔AFR: diarrheal discharge - ✔✔continue operating circulation system, adjust pH to
below 7.5, raise free chlorine to 20 ppm, maintain those levels for 13 hours, backwash
filter, return chlorine level to normal before reopening the pool.
, ✔✔What should you do if you see a patron trying to swim underneath the water for long
distances over long periods of time? - ✔✔Stop him and tell him of the dangers
✔✔What do you do with a victim that has suffered a head, neck or spine injury and is
conscious? - ✔✔dont move the victim unless the scene becomes unsafe
✔✔What is effective scanning? - ✔✔keeps an eye on the patrons of the pool, checking
the bottom, middle and surface of the water.
✔✔What type of coverage is it if your supervisor sets up multiple stands for watching
the pool? - ✔✔zone coverage
✔✔When do you need to move the victim? - ✔✔when the scene becomes unsafe, and
when more people are injured
✔✔What do you do in case of power failure? - ✔✔clear everyone from the pool
✔✔You must leave the victim in order to get help. What must you do with the victim? -
✔✔Put them in the correct HAINES position
✔✔HAINES - ✔✔High Arm IN Endangered Spine
✔✔What pieces of equip. needs to be accessible for an emergency? - ✔✔Backboards,
AED's, BVM, PPE, Reaching poles, Shepherds Crooks
✔✔What equip. should be carried with you at all time? - ✔✔Pocket mask, Gloves, First
AID materials, Rescue tube
✔✔In what order do you strap the victim on the backboard in? - ✔✔Chest, Waist,
Thighs
✔✔The facility management should provide you with what things? - ✔✔pre-service
evaluation, annual or preseason orientation and training, a policies and procedures
manual and reg. in service training
✔✔What is an MSDS sheet and what info is on it? - ✔✔Material Safety Data Sheet; info
about chemical, how to clean it up and how to safely dispose,
✔✔What is good indication someone has suffered a headback or spine injury? - ✔✔If
the accident was not seen
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Passive Drowning Victim - ✔✔An unconscious victim face-down, submerged or near
the surface.
✔✔What are signs of spinal victim? - ✔✔unusual bumps or bruises, pain, bleeding, loss
of balance, etc. If the incident happened and you did not witness it, you can assume it
was a spinal. Reassess what they were doing before the incident
✔✔Your primary responsibility as a lifeguard is? - ✔✔Preventing injuries, enforcing
rules, recognizing and responding quickly to emergencies, administering first aid and
CPR, and informing others when help is needed. Watching the water
✔✔How do you treat a victim with a head, back, or neck injury? - ✔✔minimize
movement of area, if victim is in the water, immobilize them using a backboard. If the
victim is not breathing remove them first. call EMS first!
✔✔What do you do if you cant see a part of the pool because of glare? - ✔✔move to a
different position, ask to move the stand, get a closer look
✔✔A patron is running on deck. What should you do? - ✔✔Ask them politely to stop
running. If they choose to ignore you advice them of certain consequences
✔✔When you have a victim with a head neck or back injury. What is the technique you
use in the water called? - ✔✔Head-Splint technique. Keeping both hands on muscles
pressing against the head
✔✔A head, back, or neck injury rarely happens where? - ✔✔supervised diving in the
deep end
✔✔What is an AFR? - ✔✔Accidental Fecal Release
✔✔How do you handle an AFR? - ✔✔direct all patrons to exit the pool that uses the
same filtration system, remove as much of the material as possible with a scoop net
trying not to break it apart. Dispose of.
✔✔AFR: stool - ✔✔Filtration system, pH below 7.5, raise free chlorine to at leaast 2
ppm, maintain levels for 25 min
✔✔AFR: diarrheal discharge - ✔✔continue operating circulation system, adjust pH to
below 7.5, raise free chlorine to 20 ppm, maintain those levels for 13 hours, backwash
filter, return chlorine level to normal before reopening the pool.
, ✔✔What should you do if you see a patron trying to swim underneath the water for long
distances over long periods of time? - ✔✔Stop him and tell him of the dangers
✔✔What do you do with a victim that has suffered a head, neck or spine injury and is
conscious? - ✔✔dont move the victim unless the scene becomes unsafe
✔✔What is effective scanning? - ✔✔keeps an eye on the patrons of the pool, checking
the bottom, middle and surface of the water.
✔✔What type of coverage is it if your supervisor sets up multiple stands for watching
the pool? - ✔✔zone coverage
✔✔When do you need to move the victim? - ✔✔when the scene becomes unsafe, and
when more people are injured
✔✔What do you do in case of power failure? - ✔✔clear everyone from the pool
✔✔You must leave the victim in order to get help. What must you do with the victim? -
✔✔Put them in the correct HAINES position
✔✔HAINES - ✔✔High Arm IN Endangered Spine
✔✔What pieces of equip. needs to be accessible for an emergency? - ✔✔Backboards,
AED's, BVM, PPE, Reaching poles, Shepherds Crooks
✔✔What equip. should be carried with you at all time? - ✔✔Pocket mask, Gloves, First
AID materials, Rescue tube
✔✔In what order do you strap the victim on the backboard in? - ✔✔Chest, Waist,
Thighs
✔✔The facility management should provide you with what things? - ✔✔pre-service
evaluation, annual or preseason orientation and training, a policies and procedures
manual and reg. in service training
✔✔What is an MSDS sheet and what info is on it? - ✔✔Material Safety Data Sheet; info
about chemical, how to clean it up and how to safely dispose,
✔✔What is good indication someone has suffered a headback or spine injury? - ✔✔If
the accident was not seen
