1 of 54
Term
Macrolides Indication
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*Decreases blood levels of chloramphenicol, and clinidamycin antibiotics
* increases the blood levels in multiple drugs, including Digoxin, Warfarin,
Theophylline.
* Drinking grapefruit juice causes adverse effects
, * Drugs that contain the enzyme CYP3A4(verapamil, azole antiinfungals, protease
inhibitors for HIV and diltiszem) INCREASE erythromycin levels.
*Antibiotic of choice for MRSA infections and many other gram (+) infections
*Including bone, joint, and systemic infections
*Oral administration for pseudomembranous colitis due to C. Difficile
*Upper and lower respiratory infections(1ST line for Whooping cough,
Legionnaire's disease ,&Diphtheria)
*Tonsillitis
*Skin and soft tissue infections(Chlamydia, gonorreah)
*Probenecid increases penicillin levels,
* Bacteriostatic agents(ex: tetracyclines) may decreases effects
*Reduces effectiveness of Oral Contraceptives
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2 of 54
Definition
*Ototoxic/Nephrotoxic drugs
*Incompatible with most IV drugs
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Vancomycin Interactions Penicillin Interactions
, Vancomycin Indications Monobactams Indications
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3 of 54
Term
Fluoroquinolone Adverse Effects
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*Take tetracyclines on an empty stomach with 8 oz of water (1 hour before or 2
hours after meals). If taken with food, absorption of medication will decrease.
*Avoid co-administration with milk, antacids, or iron salts.
*Binds with calcium! Will not work if taken with dairy!
*Do not take at bedtime - increases risk of esophageal ulceration.
*Pregnant/breastfeeding:do not use!
*Monitor for liver damage/protect liver
*Can be administered IV for severe infections
*Mostly for gram (-), some gram (+)
*Resistance is common
*Urinary, respiratory, GI infections
*Infections of bones, joints, skin and soft tissues
*UTI, prostatitis, traveler's diarrhea, sinusitis, DOC for all types of anthrax
*Make patients aware that there may be some GI discomfort
*Monitor liver function
*Monitor blood clotting times
, *Patients should report immediately any pain in tendons or muscles
*SUN protection measures
*Black box warning: risk for tendonitis and tendon rupture
*More common in older adults, patients with renal failure, and concurrent use
of corticosteriods
*Phototoxicity (severe sunburn)
*GI effects- can cause C.Diff
*CNS effects- seizures, intra-cranial pressure
*Mental health side effects-suicidal ideation
*Exacerbation of myasthenia gravis
*Blood sugar alterations
*Liver injury
Don't know?
4 of 54
Term
Cephalosporin Administration/education/interventions
Give this one a try later!
*Take PO cephalosporins w/food
*Avoid alcohol- can increase GI upset/severe headache/hypotension. Can
have bleeding risk/disulfiram rx risk with others
*expect to administer Vitamin K if bleeding occurs
*Immediately report adverse side effects such as trouble breathing, watery
stool
Term
Macrolides Indication
Give this one a try later!
*Decreases blood levels of chloramphenicol, and clinidamycin antibiotics
* increases the blood levels in multiple drugs, including Digoxin, Warfarin,
Theophylline.
* Drinking grapefruit juice causes adverse effects
, * Drugs that contain the enzyme CYP3A4(verapamil, azole antiinfungals, protease
inhibitors for HIV and diltiszem) INCREASE erythromycin levels.
*Antibiotic of choice for MRSA infections and many other gram (+) infections
*Including bone, joint, and systemic infections
*Oral administration for pseudomembranous colitis due to C. Difficile
*Upper and lower respiratory infections(1ST line for Whooping cough,
Legionnaire's disease ,&Diphtheria)
*Tonsillitis
*Skin and soft tissue infections(Chlamydia, gonorreah)
*Probenecid increases penicillin levels,
* Bacteriostatic agents(ex: tetracyclines) may decreases effects
*Reduces effectiveness of Oral Contraceptives
Don't know?
2 of 54
Definition
*Ototoxic/Nephrotoxic drugs
*Incompatible with most IV drugs
Give this one a try later!
Vancomycin Interactions Penicillin Interactions
, Vancomycin Indications Monobactams Indications
Don't know?
3 of 54
Term
Fluoroquinolone Adverse Effects
Give this one a try later!
*Take tetracyclines on an empty stomach with 8 oz of water (1 hour before or 2
hours after meals). If taken with food, absorption of medication will decrease.
*Avoid co-administration with milk, antacids, or iron salts.
*Binds with calcium! Will not work if taken with dairy!
*Do not take at bedtime - increases risk of esophageal ulceration.
*Pregnant/breastfeeding:do not use!
*Monitor for liver damage/protect liver
*Can be administered IV for severe infections
*Mostly for gram (-), some gram (+)
*Resistance is common
*Urinary, respiratory, GI infections
*Infections of bones, joints, skin and soft tissues
*UTI, prostatitis, traveler's diarrhea, sinusitis, DOC for all types of anthrax
*Make patients aware that there may be some GI discomfort
*Monitor liver function
*Monitor blood clotting times
, *Patients should report immediately any pain in tendons or muscles
*SUN protection measures
*Black box warning: risk for tendonitis and tendon rupture
*More common in older adults, patients with renal failure, and concurrent use
of corticosteriods
*Phototoxicity (severe sunburn)
*GI effects- can cause C.Diff
*CNS effects- seizures, intra-cranial pressure
*Mental health side effects-suicidal ideation
*Exacerbation of myasthenia gravis
*Blood sugar alterations
*Liver injury
Don't know?
4 of 54
Term
Cephalosporin Administration/education/interventions
Give this one a try later!
*Take PO cephalosporins w/food
*Avoid alcohol- can increase GI upset/severe headache/hypotension. Can
have bleeding risk/disulfiram rx risk with others
*expect to administer Vitamin K if bleeding occurs
*Immediately report adverse side effects such as trouble breathing, watery
stool
