PSY 3213: EXAM #1 Questions with 100%
Verified Answers
What are the big issues related to making sure that the Journal-to-Journalism cycle get things
right?
Is the story important?
Is the story accurate?
empiricism
using evidence from the senses
implicit theory
Based on our individual experiences, Shapes how we view the world, difficult to change
pseudoscience
- findings disseminated to general public via sources that are not peer reviewed.
- No reviews for precision or accuracy.
why relying on personal experience is less helpful than looking what research says
- because there is no comparison group; thereby avoiding confounding variables
- ex: catharsis effect: If we had looked at one subject in this experiment from the punching
group, they could only describe their experience. When looking at the bigger picture,
Bushman could see that this group was still the angriest.
meaning of experience that is confounded
there are several possible explanations for an outcome
present/present bias
, the tendency to rely only on what is present and ignore what is absent when evaluating
the evidence for a conclusion.
availability heuristic (pop-up principle)
Things that easily come to mind tend to guide our thinking. When events or memories are vivid
and recent, they seem more correct and therefore bias our thinking.
how to reduce overconfidence, cherry picking (confirmation bias), & asking biased questions
By looking at the evidence empirically (Using a systematic approach that utilizes the
senses rather than intuition)
To look at information objectively- by guarding against objective biases; test it, change it
when new information comes up
strength/weakness of sources
- journal articles: peer reviewed, empirical or review but need access to get in it
- chapters in edited books: book on a common topic with different contributors (experts)
for each chapter but written for experts and expect readers to have previous knowledge
PsycINFO
- searches sources in psychology and a few related disciplines for (mainly) peer-
reviewed articles
- advantages: maintained & updated by APA
- disadvantages: need access to database (college or university), sometimes hard to
narrow down
sections of research article
1. Abstract: concise summary
2. Introduction: background on the topic & goals of the current study
3. Methods: details how study was conducted
4. Results: quantitative and qualitative data (not raw data)
Verified Answers
What are the big issues related to making sure that the Journal-to-Journalism cycle get things
right?
Is the story important?
Is the story accurate?
empiricism
using evidence from the senses
implicit theory
Based on our individual experiences, Shapes how we view the world, difficult to change
pseudoscience
- findings disseminated to general public via sources that are not peer reviewed.
- No reviews for precision or accuracy.
why relying on personal experience is less helpful than looking what research says
- because there is no comparison group; thereby avoiding confounding variables
- ex: catharsis effect: If we had looked at one subject in this experiment from the punching
group, they could only describe their experience. When looking at the bigger picture,
Bushman could see that this group was still the angriest.
meaning of experience that is confounded
there are several possible explanations for an outcome
present/present bias
, the tendency to rely only on what is present and ignore what is absent when evaluating
the evidence for a conclusion.
availability heuristic (pop-up principle)
Things that easily come to mind tend to guide our thinking. When events or memories are vivid
and recent, they seem more correct and therefore bias our thinking.
how to reduce overconfidence, cherry picking (confirmation bias), & asking biased questions
By looking at the evidence empirically (Using a systematic approach that utilizes the
senses rather than intuition)
To look at information objectively- by guarding against objective biases; test it, change it
when new information comes up
strength/weakness of sources
- journal articles: peer reviewed, empirical or review but need access to get in it
- chapters in edited books: book on a common topic with different contributors (experts)
for each chapter but written for experts and expect readers to have previous knowledge
PsycINFO
- searches sources in psychology and a few related disciplines for (mainly) peer-
reviewed articles
- advantages: maintained & updated by APA
- disadvantages: need access to database (college or university), sometimes hard to
narrow down
sections of research article
1. Abstract: concise summary
2. Introduction: background on the topic & goals of the current study
3. Methods: details how study was conducted
4. Results: quantitative and qualitative data (not raw data)
