History Chapter-1 The rise of nationalism in Europe
•In 1848. Frédéric Sorrieu, a French artist, prepared a series of four prints visualising his dream of a
world made up of democratic and social Republic as he called them.
• The first print of the series, shows the people of Europe and America - men & women of all ages and
social classes-marching in a long train and offering homage to the statue of Liberty as they pass by it.
• All the artists of the time of French Revolution peronified Liberty as a female-figure here you can
recognize the torch of Enlightenment she bears in one hand and the Charter of Rights of Man in the
other hand.
* The four prints of Frédéric Sorrieu are ‘The Pact betwen Nations’.
1The French Revolution and the Idea of Nation
• The first clear expression of Nationalism come with the French Revolution in 1789.
• French Revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from monarchy to a body of French citizens.
Begninning of Revolution:
•The ideas of la patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen) emphasised the notion of a united
community enjoying equal rights under a constitution. A new french flag the tricolour was chosen to
replace the former royal standard.
•The Estates General sans elected by the body of active citizers & renamed the te National Assembly
•New hymns were composed and caths toler
•Internal customs duties and dues wete ablished and a uniform system of weights and measures was
adopted.
•The revolutionaries further declared that to help other nations, people of Europe to became nations.
•When the news of events in France reached the different cities of Europe, students and middle classes
began setting up Jacobin clubs.
•Their activities and campaigns prepared the way for the French armies and moved into Holland,
Belgium, Switzerland and much of Italy in the 1970s.
•With the outbreak of revolution, the French armies began to carry the iden of Nationalism abroad.
, Rule of Napolean (1804):-
• Napolean set about introducing many of reforms that he had already introduced in France.
•Napoleon had destroy democracy in France but in the administrative field he had incorporated
revolutionary princples in order to make the whole system more rational and efficient.
Civil code of 1804 (Napoleonic code):
•It was introduced by Napolean which did away with all privileges based on birth established equality
before the law and secured the Right to property.
•In the Dutch Republic in switzerland, in Italy and Germany, Napolean simplified adminstrative divisions,
ablished the feudal system and freed peasants from serfdom and monorial dues.
•In towns, restrictions were removed.
•Transport and communicate systems were improved.
•Buisnessmen and small scale producers of goods, began to realise that uniform laws, standardized
weights and measures and a common national currency would faciliate.
•Increased taxation, censorship, forced conscription into the French armies required to conquer the rest
of Europe, all seemed to outweigh the advantages of the adminstrative changes.
2. The making of Nationalism in europe.
↓
Regional states, Regional variondion, languages, Empire and culfure.
The aristocracy Middle
class,Traders
Conflicts on Ideology,politicaland social.Through this Idea of liberalism Nationalists emerge out.
•In 1848. Frédéric Sorrieu, a French artist, prepared a series of four prints visualising his dream of a
world made up of democratic and social Republic as he called them.
• The first print of the series, shows the people of Europe and America - men & women of all ages and
social classes-marching in a long train and offering homage to the statue of Liberty as they pass by it.
• All the artists of the time of French Revolution peronified Liberty as a female-figure here you can
recognize the torch of Enlightenment she bears in one hand and the Charter of Rights of Man in the
other hand.
* The four prints of Frédéric Sorrieu are ‘The Pact betwen Nations’.
1The French Revolution and the Idea of Nation
• The first clear expression of Nationalism come with the French Revolution in 1789.
• French Revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from monarchy to a body of French citizens.
Begninning of Revolution:
•The ideas of la patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen) emphasised the notion of a united
community enjoying equal rights under a constitution. A new french flag the tricolour was chosen to
replace the former royal standard.
•The Estates General sans elected by the body of active citizers & renamed the te National Assembly
•New hymns were composed and caths toler
•Internal customs duties and dues wete ablished and a uniform system of weights and measures was
adopted.
•The revolutionaries further declared that to help other nations, people of Europe to became nations.
•When the news of events in France reached the different cities of Europe, students and middle classes
began setting up Jacobin clubs.
•Their activities and campaigns prepared the way for the French armies and moved into Holland,
Belgium, Switzerland and much of Italy in the 1970s.
•With the outbreak of revolution, the French armies began to carry the iden of Nationalism abroad.
, Rule of Napolean (1804):-
• Napolean set about introducing many of reforms that he had already introduced in France.
•Napoleon had destroy democracy in France but in the administrative field he had incorporated
revolutionary princples in order to make the whole system more rational and efficient.
Civil code of 1804 (Napoleonic code):
•It was introduced by Napolean which did away with all privileges based on birth established equality
before the law and secured the Right to property.
•In the Dutch Republic in switzerland, in Italy and Germany, Napolean simplified adminstrative divisions,
ablished the feudal system and freed peasants from serfdom and monorial dues.
•In towns, restrictions were removed.
•Transport and communicate systems were improved.
•Buisnessmen and small scale producers of goods, began to realise that uniform laws, standardized
weights and measures and a common national currency would faciliate.
•Increased taxation, censorship, forced conscription into the French armies required to conquer the rest
of Europe, all seemed to outweigh the advantages of the adminstrative changes.
2. The making of Nationalism in europe.
↓
Regional states, Regional variondion, languages, Empire and culfure.
The aristocracy Middle
class,Traders
Conflicts on Ideology,politicaland social.Through this Idea of liberalism Nationalists emerge out.
