NST 10 Midterm 2 UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Food security - CORRECT ANSWER - all members of a household have access at all times to
enough food for an active, healthy life
4 main components of food security - CORRECT ANSWER - Availability, access, stability,
and utilization
Availability - CORRECT ANSWER - sufficient quantities of food that are of appropriate
quantity, supplied through domestic production of imports (including food aid)
Food deserts - CORRECT ANSWER - areas devoid of fresh fruit, vegetables, and healthy
foods; 24 million people live in this
Access - CORRECT ANSWER - one has adequate resources for acquiring appropriate foods
for a nutritious diet; lack of _______ correlates to not being able to afford food; transportation
Utilization - CORRECT ANSWER - food use based knowledge of basic nutrition care, as well
as adequate water and sanitation; starts with food education, food assistance programs, access to
facilities for food storage/preparation
Stability - CORRECT ANSWER - access and availability of adequate food at all times
Causes of change in food security - CORRECT ANSWER - Sudden shocks: economic &
sociopolitical crisis, natural disaster, health changes
Cyclical events: monthly food insecurity due to paychecks/food stamps
Degrees of food security: high - CORRECT ANSWER - consistent access/availability of
adequate food
,Degrees of food security: marginal - CORRECT ANSWER - slight difficulty accessing
adequate food, but quality, variety, and quantity of food intake not substantially reduced
food insecurity in the US - CORRECT ANSWER - nearly 15% of households and over 15%
of the population are food insecure; food insecurity is higher in many Southern/mid-western
states
food insecurity and obesity - CORRECT ANSWER - 66% of adults in the US overweight or
obese, but many also experiencing nutrient deficiencies; many families who are food insecure are
also obese or at risk of obesity
dietary supplement - CORRECT ANSWER - a product intended for ingestion (taken as a pill,
capsule, tablet, powder, liquid) that contains a "dietary ingredient"
what is in a dietary supplement? - CORRECT ANSWER - vitamins, minerals, amino acids,
herbs/botanicals, extract/metabolites/combo
industry regulations for supplements - CORRECT ANSWER - not categorized as food or
drugs; not regulated by FDA for safety or effectiveness before they are marketed (manufacturers
are responsible for determining the product is safe, but not effectiveness)
FTC - CORRECT ANSWER - Federal trade commission; regulates dietary supplement
advertising
Forms of industry regulation: legal (pharmaceuticals) - CORRECT ANSWER - FDA: "current
good manufacturing practice" (cGHP regulations); ensures products contain the right ingredients
and correct dosage
Forms of industry regulation: voluntary (supplements) - CORRECT ANSWER - United States
Pharmacopeia (USP); confirms the contents of the dietary supplements, evaluates manufacturing
processes, and investigates compliance with standards of purity
, requirements of supplement labels - CORRECT ANSWER - ingredients, amount present in
each pill, % daily value. suggested daily dose, common name of plant and part of plant used
supplement's labels may include: - CORRECT ANSWER - Health claims specific to the
nutrient involved but not the supplement, claim that the lack of a nutrient causes a deficiency
disease, statement of general well-being results from consuming these ingredients, and nutrient
content claims
supplement's labels may not include: - CORRECT ANSWER - claims that it treat, cures, or
prevent a disease
when are supplements appropriate? - CORRECT ANSWER - recommended by a health
professional, certain micronutrient deficiencies, limited dietary patterns
considerations for supplements - CORRECT ANSWER - efficacy, dosage, labelling,
contraindications, misleading claims, cost
misleading claims of supplements - CORRECT ANSWER - beware of "organic" and
"natural", "natural" claims are not regulated, "organic" not always healthy
Fad Diet - CORRECT ANSWER - a weight loss plan or aid that promises dramatic results
red flags of Fad Diet - CORRECT ANSWER - promises results too good to be true, uses
anecdotal evidence from celebrities with miraculous results, uses scientific jargon meant to
impress with unfounded research, and source of product found in exotic source
Paleo diet - CORRECT ANSWER - occurred after Agricultural Revolution; claims it
stabilizes blood sugar, anti-inflammatory, clear skin. pros: nutrient dense and high fiber; cons:
lots of animal source foods (saturated fat and cholesterol) and overly restrictive - nutrient
deficiencies
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Food security - CORRECT ANSWER - all members of a household have access at all times to
enough food for an active, healthy life
4 main components of food security - CORRECT ANSWER - Availability, access, stability,
and utilization
Availability - CORRECT ANSWER - sufficient quantities of food that are of appropriate
quantity, supplied through domestic production of imports (including food aid)
Food deserts - CORRECT ANSWER - areas devoid of fresh fruit, vegetables, and healthy
foods; 24 million people live in this
Access - CORRECT ANSWER - one has adequate resources for acquiring appropriate foods
for a nutritious diet; lack of _______ correlates to not being able to afford food; transportation
Utilization - CORRECT ANSWER - food use based knowledge of basic nutrition care, as well
as adequate water and sanitation; starts with food education, food assistance programs, access to
facilities for food storage/preparation
Stability - CORRECT ANSWER - access and availability of adequate food at all times
Causes of change in food security - CORRECT ANSWER - Sudden shocks: economic &
sociopolitical crisis, natural disaster, health changes
Cyclical events: monthly food insecurity due to paychecks/food stamps
Degrees of food security: high - CORRECT ANSWER - consistent access/availability of
adequate food
,Degrees of food security: marginal - CORRECT ANSWER - slight difficulty accessing
adequate food, but quality, variety, and quantity of food intake not substantially reduced
food insecurity in the US - CORRECT ANSWER - nearly 15% of households and over 15%
of the population are food insecure; food insecurity is higher in many Southern/mid-western
states
food insecurity and obesity - CORRECT ANSWER - 66% of adults in the US overweight or
obese, but many also experiencing nutrient deficiencies; many families who are food insecure are
also obese or at risk of obesity
dietary supplement - CORRECT ANSWER - a product intended for ingestion (taken as a pill,
capsule, tablet, powder, liquid) that contains a "dietary ingredient"
what is in a dietary supplement? - CORRECT ANSWER - vitamins, minerals, amino acids,
herbs/botanicals, extract/metabolites/combo
industry regulations for supplements - CORRECT ANSWER - not categorized as food or
drugs; not regulated by FDA for safety or effectiveness before they are marketed (manufacturers
are responsible for determining the product is safe, but not effectiveness)
FTC - CORRECT ANSWER - Federal trade commission; regulates dietary supplement
advertising
Forms of industry regulation: legal (pharmaceuticals) - CORRECT ANSWER - FDA: "current
good manufacturing practice" (cGHP regulations); ensures products contain the right ingredients
and correct dosage
Forms of industry regulation: voluntary (supplements) - CORRECT ANSWER - United States
Pharmacopeia (USP); confirms the contents of the dietary supplements, evaluates manufacturing
processes, and investigates compliance with standards of purity
, requirements of supplement labels - CORRECT ANSWER - ingredients, amount present in
each pill, % daily value. suggested daily dose, common name of plant and part of plant used
supplement's labels may include: - CORRECT ANSWER - Health claims specific to the
nutrient involved but not the supplement, claim that the lack of a nutrient causes a deficiency
disease, statement of general well-being results from consuming these ingredients, and nutrient
content claims
supplement's labels may not include: - CORRECT ANSWER - claims that it treat, cures, or
prevent a disease
when are supplements appropriate? - CORRECT ANSWER - recommended by a health
professional, certain micronutrient deficiencies, limited dietary patterns
considerations for supplements - CORRECT ANSWER - efficacy, dosage, labelling,
contraindications, misleading claims, cost
misleading claims of supplements - CORRECT ANSWER - beware of "organic" and
"natural", "natural" claims are not regulated, "organic" not always healthy
Fad Diet - CORRECT ANSWER - a weight loss plan or aid that promises dramatic results
red flags of Fad Diet - CORRECT ANSWER - promises results too good to be true, uses
anecdotal evidence from celebrities with miraculous results, uses scientific jargon meant to
impress with unfounded research, and source of product found in exotic source
Paleo diet - CORRECT ANSWER - occurred after Agricultural Revolution; claims it
stabilizes blood sugar, anti-inflammatory, clear skin. pros: nutrient dense and high fiber; cons:
lots of animal source foods (saturated fat and cholesterol) and overly restrictive - nutrient
deficiencies
