ANSC 221 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Sickle cell anemia is caused by how many amino acid changes in the -globin of
hemoglobin?
A. 10 amino acids
B. a single amino acid (glutamic acid to valine)
C. 2 amino acids (glutamic acid and aspartic acid to valine and proline)
D. No amino acid change
E. More amino acids than can be counted - Answer-b
Both the human fetus and the mother use hemoglobin as the main protein complex to
capture oxygen for use by the cells in the body. There are five globin genes in the
human genome, and at each of the following stages (embryo, fetus, and adult) of
development ( ) of the genes are expressed. The human fetus is able to obtain oxygen
from the mother because the fetal hemoglobin has ( ) affinity for oxygen than the
mother's hemoglobin.
A. 3, lower
B. 4 , higher
C. 2, higher
D. 5, higher
E. 1, lower - Answer-b
In the mechanism underlying RNA interference, a pre-miRNA transcribed from a gene
folds into a hairpin structure. The hairpin structure is cut by an enzyme called ( ) to yield
a linear double-stranded RNA. The linear double stranded RNA is recognized and
bound by cellular proteins to form the ( ). One of the strands is ( ), and RISC recognizes
a specific mRNA and targets it for degradation.
A. primase, RNA-induced silencing complex (or RISC), degraded
B. telomerase, RNA-induced silencing complex (or RISC synthesized
C. dicer, RNA-induced silencing complex (or RISC), degraded
D. exonuclease RNA-induced silencing complex (or RISC), shredded
E. RNA-induced silencing complex (or RISC), dicer , synthesized. - Answer-c
, Telomeres at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes require that a special process is
used to replicate this region of the genome. Telomeres contain ( ) sequences, and they
are replicated by the telomerase, a ( ) complex.
A. DNA, RNA/DNA
B. long repeat, protein/DNA
C. short repeat, protein
D. long repeat, RNA/DNA
E. short repeat, protein/RNA - Answer-c
Cells usually use atp as a source of energy. in initiation and elongation stages of
transcription large amounts of energy are require. the energy is derived from hydroalyis
of?
a.atp
b.gtp
c.ctp
d.upt
e.amp - Answer-b
During replication of a DNA molecule, the daughter strands are not produced in exactly
the same manner. One strand, the leading strand, is made toward the replication fork,
while the lagging strand is made in fragments in the opposite direction. The difference in
the synthesis of the two strands is the result of which of the following?
A. DNA polymerase is not efficient enough to make two good strands of DNA.
B. The two templates are anti-parallel, and DNA polymerase makes DNA only in the
5' to 3' direction.
C. The lagging strand is the result of DNA breakage due to UV light.
D. The cell does not contain enough nucleotides to make two complete strands.
E. None of the above - Answer-B
Which of the following statements are true of DNA?
i. DNA has deoxyribose instead of ribose as the sugar in the nucleotides.
ii. The nucleotides are linked together in phosphodiester bonds
iii. DNA has a major and a minor groove.
iv. The nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine, Guanine, Uracil and Cytosine.
A. i and iv
B. ii and iv
C. i, ii, and iii
D. i, ii, and vi
E. None of the above - Answer-c
The many RNA primers that are synthesized by DNA primase for use by DNA
polymerase during lagging strand DNA synthesis (synthesis of Okazaki fragments) are
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Sickle cell anemia is caused by how many amino acid changes in the -globin of
hemoglobin?
A. 10 amino acids
B. a single amino acid (glutamic acid to valine)
C. 2 amino acids (glutamic acid and aspartic acid to valine and proline)
D. No amino acid change
E. More amino acids than can be counted - Answer-b
Both the human fetus and the mother use hemoglobin as the main protein complex to
capture oxygen for use by the cells in the body. There are five globin genes in the
human genome, and at each of the following stages (embryo, fetus, and adult) of
development ( ) of the genes are expressed. The human fetus is able to obtain oxygen
from the mother because the fetal hemoglobin has ( ) affinity for oxygen than the
mother's hemoglobin.
A. 3, lower
B. 4 , higher
C. 2, higher
D. 5, higher
E. 1, lower - Answer-b
In the mechanism underlying RNA interference, a pre-miRNA transcribed from a gene
folds into a hairpin structure. The hairpin structure is cut by an enzyme called ( ) to yield
a linear double-stranded RNA. The linear double stranded RNA is recognized and
bound by cellular proteins to form the ( ). One of the strands is ( ), and RISC recognizes
a specific mRNA and targets it for degradation.
A. primase, RNA-induced silencing complex (or RISC), degraded
B. telomerase, RNA-induced silencing complex (or RISC synthesized
C. dicer, RNA-induced silencing complex (or RISC), degraded
D. exonuclease RNA-induced silencing complex (or RISC), shredded
E. RNA-induced silencing complex (or RISC), dicer , synthesized. - Answer-c
, Telomeres at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes require that a special process is
used to replicate this region of the genome. Telomeres contain ( ) sequences, and they
are replicated by the telomerase, a ( ) complex.
A. DNA, RNA/DNA
B. long repeat, protein/DNA
C. short repeat, protein
D. long repeat, RNA/DNA
E. short repeat, protein/RNA - Answer-c
Cells usually use atp as a source of energy. in initiation and elongation stages of
transcription large amounts of energy are require. the energy is derived from hydroalyis
of?
a.atp
b.gtp
c.ctp
d.upt
e.amp - Answer-b
During replication of a DNA molecule, the daughter strands are not produced in exactly
the same manner. One strand, the leading strand, is made toward the replication fork,
while the lagging strand is made in fragments in the opposite direction. The difference in
the synthesis of the two strands is the result of which of the following?
A. DNA polymerase is not efficient enough to make two good strands of DNA.
B. The two templates are anti-parallel, and DNA polymerase makes DNA only in the
5' to 3' direction.
C. The lagging strand is the result of DNA breakage due to UV light.
D. The cell does not contain enough nucleotides to make two complete strands.
E. None of the above - Answer-B
Which of the following statements are true of DNA?
i. DNA has deoxyribose instead of ribose as the sugar in the nucleotides.
ii. The nucleotides are linked together in phosphodiester bonds
iii. DNA has a major and a minor groove.
iv. The nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine, Guanine, Uracil and Cytosine.
A. i and iv
B. ii and iv
C. i, ii, and iii
D. i, ii, and vi
E. None of the above - Answer-c
The many RNA primers that are synthesized by DNA primase for use by DNA
polymerase during lagging strand DNA synthesis (synthesis of Okazaki fragments) are
