COMLEX LEVEL 1 EXAM /PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS |LATEST UPDATE
2025 GRADED A+!!!
heart disease - CORRECT ANSWER-leading cause of death in persons aged 65 years and older
neoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER-for individuals aged 45 to 64 years old, the leading cause of
death is
right leg flexed at the hip and knee and internally rotated at the hip - CORRECT ANSWER-right
inferior pubic shear treatment set up
1. Flex or extend knee?
2. Internally or externally rotate hip?
pancreatic cancer - CORRECT ANSWER--usually arises in the *head* of the pancreas
-is associated with *jaundice and pain* due to obstruction of the common bile duct
- it is the *4th* most common cause of cancer
-has a very poor prognosis
1. Calcium channel blockers--> specifically smooth muscle antagonists--> SM dilation
2. Alpha adrenergic receptor blockers --> cause dilation of vessels instead of constriction
3. Beta 2 agonists: causes dilation of smooth muscle vessels - CORRECT ANSWER-Patients with
GERD normally have a dysfunction with LES sphincter tone that allows acid to reflux into the
esophagus, thus drugs that affect sphincter tone would make GERD worse. What are the name
of three drug categories that do this?
,celiac disease - CORRECT ANSWER-malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to
gliadian protein in gluten
-Tissue transglutaminase
-results in villous atrophy of small intestine mucosa and causes steatorrhea, diarrhea, bloating
and abdominal pain
-*also associated with other autoimmune disorders like hashimotos thyroiditis*
cysteine stone - CORRECT ANSWER-- *Hexagonal* stones
- *Ground, glass appearance*
- *(+) urinary cyanide nitroprusside test
- Defect in renal transport of COLA: Cysteine, Ornithine, Lysine, Arginine
- Does NOT respond to shock wave therapy
angiodysplasia - CORRECT ANSWER-most common cause of lower GI bleeding in pt's >60
superior mesenteric artery - CORRECT ANSWER-supplies the lower portion of the duodenum,
jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending colon, and transverse colon to the splenic flexure
make NPO, Place on an NG tube and suction obstruction out--> this will usually resolve
obstruction - CORRECT ANSWER-after a patient comes to the ER with sudden onset of pain and
abdominal distention W/O peritoneal signs and after x-ray you diagnose her with a small bowel
obstruction. What do you do next?
Low total calcium due to low albumin levels from cirrhosis (95% of Ca2+ is bound to albumin)
and normal ionized Ca2+ because PTH regulates free ionized Ca2+ independently--> that is why
there are no signs go hypocalcemia - CORRECT ANSWER-In a patient with liver cirrhosis what
calcium levels would you expect to see?
,Would there be signs of hypocalcemia--> tetany, paresthesias, abdominal cramps?
T5-T11 - CORRECT ANSWER-where would you find a viserosomatic reflex resulting in placatory
changes of the pancreas?
Deferoxamine (Desferal) - CORRECT ANSWER-iron chelating agent used in the treatment of iron
intoxication
short leg syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-when a patient presents with a flexible scoliotic curve it
is important to evaluate for...
inferior trunk--> encompasses broadmann areas 22,39,40 which are in the temporal region -
CORRECT ANSWER-Infarct to what trunk of the Left MCA results in Wernicke's aphasia?
Superior division--> encompasses brooks area, frontal eye field, primary motor cortex and
primary somatosensory cortex - CORRECT ANSWER-Infarct to what trunk of the Left MCA results
in Broca's aphasia?
Osteosarcoma - CORRECT ANSWER-bone tumor that is present in young adult males that
involves the metaphysis of the long bones
Ewing's sarcoma t(11;22) - CORRECT ANSWER-bone tumor that is present in young adult males
that involves the *diaphysis(mid-shaft)* of the long bones.
fibrosarcoma - CORRECT ANSWER-malignant fibroblasts within a collagenous matrix
chondrosarcoma - CORRECT ANSWER-osseous sarcomas that affect older patients and has a
predilection for flat bones in the *shoulders and pelvis*
, tyrosine, due to a defect in phenylalanine hydroxylase - CORRECT ANSWER-PKU presents as
failure to thrive, mental retardation, gapped teeth, etc. What is the amino acid that needs to be
supplemented due to a defect in what enzyme?
Rib 2 - CORRECT ANSWER-where does the posterior scalene attach to?
Paclitaxel - CORRECT ANSWER-used in the treatment of breast and ovarian cancer
MOA: hyper stabilization of polymerized microtubules--> prevents the breakdown of the mitotic
spindle
restrictive barrier - CORRECT ANSWER-maximum distance a patient can actually move a joint,
can be pathologic
narcissistic personality disorder - CORRECT ANSWER-patterns of grandiosity, need for
admiration, lack of empathy for others
A carotid massage causes an increase in stretch of the carotid baroreceptors which causes a
reflexive PARASYM response which slows down the conduction velocity through the AV node
this slowing down Heart Rate--> used in paroxysmal supra ventricular tachycardia - CORRECT
ANSWER-what does a carotid massage do and how does it affect the AV node?
Chronic myelogenous leukemia t(9;22)--> Philly chx - CORRECT ANSWER-a form of leukemia
characterized by the accumulation of abnormal, mature granulocytes (granulocytes are a type
of white blood cell), mild anemia, thrombocytosis and basophilia. What is the associated
chromosomal translocation?
Burkitt's lymphoma t(8;14) - CORRECT ANSWER-germinal B celll lymphoma that is associated
with a translocation between c-MYC and the Ig heavy chain on which two chromosomes? It is
endemic in the continent of Africa which produces this
VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS |LATEST UPDATE
2025 GRADED A+!!!
heart disease - CORRECT ANSWER-leading cause of death in persons aged 65 years and older
neoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER-for individuals aged 45 to 64 years old, the leading cause of
death is
right leg flexed at the hip and knee and internally rotated at the hip - CORRECT ANSWER-right
inferior pubic shear treatment set up
1. Flex or extend knee?
2. Internally or externally rotate hip?
pancreatic cancer - CORRECT ANSWER--usually arises in the *head* of the pancreas
-is associated with *jaundice and pain* due to obstruction of the common bile duct
- it is the *4th* most common cause of cancer
-has a very poor prognosis
1. Calcium channel blockers--> specifically smooth muscle antagonists--> SM dilation
2. Alpha adrenergic receptor blockers --> cause dilation of vessels instead of constriction
3. Beta 2 agonists: causes dilation of smooth muscle vessels - CORRECT ANSWER-Patients with
GERD normally have a dysfunction with LES sphincter tone that allows acid to reflux into the
esophagus, thus drugs that affect sphincter tone would make GERD worse. What are the name
of three drug categories that do this?
,celiac disease - CORRECT ANSWER-malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to
gliadian protein in gluten
-Tissue transglutaminase
-results in villous atrophy of small intestine mucosa and causes steatorrhea, diarrhea, bloating
and abdominal pain
-*also associated with other autoimmune disorders like hashimotos thyroiditis*
cysteine stone - CORRECT ANSWER-- *Hexagonal* stones
- *Ground, glass appearance*
- *(+) urinary cyanide nitroprusside test
- Defect in renal transport of COLA: Cysteine, Ornithine, Lysine, Arginine
- Does NOT respond to shock wave therapy
angiodysplasia - CORRECT ANSWER-most common cause of lower GI bleeding in pt's >60
superior mesenteric artery - CORRECT ANSWER-supplies the lower portion of the duodenum,
jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending colon, and transverse colon to the splenic flexure
make NPO, Place on an NG tube and suction obstruction out--> this will usually resolve
obstruction - CORRECT ANSWER-after a patient comes to the ER with sudden onset of pain and
abdominal distention W/O peritoneal signs and after x-ray you diagnose her with a small bowel
obstruction. What do you do next?
Low total calcium due to low albumin levels from cirrhosis (95% of Ca2+ is bound to albumin)
and normal ionized Ca2+ because PTH regulates free ionized Ca2+ independently--> that is why
there are no signs go hypocalcemia - CORRECT ANSWER-In a patient with liver cirrhosis what
calcium levels would you expect to see?
,Would there be signs of hypocalcemia--> tetany, paresthesias, abdominal cramps?
T5-T11 - CORRECT ANSWER-where would you find a viserosomatic reflex resulting in placatory
changes of the pancreas?
Deferoxamine (Desferal) - CORRECT ANSWER-iron chelating agent used in the treatment of iron
intoxication
short leg syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-when a patient presents with a flexible scoliotic curve it
is important to evaluate for...
inferior trunk--> encompasses broadmann areas 22,39,40 which are in the temporal region -
CORRECT ANSWER-Infarct to what trunk of the Left MCA results in Wernicke's aphasia?
Superior division--> encompasses brooks area, frontal eye field, primary motor cortex and
primary somatosensory cortex - CORRECT ANSWER-Infarct to what trunk of the Left MCA results
in Broca's aphasia?
Osteosarcoma - CORRECT ANSWER-bone tumor that is present in young adult males that
involves the metaphysis of the long bones
Ewing's sarcoma t(11;22) - CORRECT ANSWER-bone tumor that is present in young adult males
that involves the *diaphysis(mid-shaft)* of the long bones.
fibrosarcoma - CORRECT ANSWER-malignant fibroblasts within a collagenous matrix
chondrosarcoma - CORRECT ANSWER-osseous sarcomas that affect older patients and has a
predilection for flat bones in the *shoulders and pelvis*
, tyrosine, due to a defect in phenylalanine hydroxylase - CORRECT ANSWER-PKU presents as
failure to thrive, mental retardation, gapped teeth, etc. What is the amino acid that needs to be
supplemented due to a defect in what enzyme?
Rib 2 - CORRECT ANSWER-where does the posterior scalene attach to?
Paclitaxel - CORRECT ANSWER-used in the treatment of breast and ovarian cancer
MOA: hyper stabilization of polymerized microtubules--> prevents the breakdown of the mitotic
spindle
restrictive barrier - CORRECT ANSWER-maximum distance a patient can actually move a joint,
can be pathologic
narcissistic personality disorder - CORRECT ANSWER-patterns of grandiosity, need for
admiration, lack of empathy for others
A carotid massage causes an increase in stretch of the carotid baroreceptors which causes a
reflexive PARASYM response which slows down the conduction velocity through the AV node
this slowing down Heart Rate--> used in paroxysmal supra ventricular tachycardia - CORRECT
ANSWER-what does a carotid massage do and how does it affect the AV node?
Chronic myelogenous leukemia t(9;22)--> Philly chx - CORRECT ANSWER-a form of leukemia
characterized by the accumulation of abnormal, mature granulocytes (granulocytes are a type
of white blood cell), mild anemia, thrombocytosis and basophilia. What is the associated
chromosomal translocation?
Burkitt's lymphoma t(8;14) - CORRECT ANSWER-germinal B celll lymphoma that is associated
with a translocation between c-MYC and the Ig heavy chain on which two chromosomes? It is
endemic in the continent of Africa which produces this
