PPN 301 WEEK 5: LABOR AT RISK, 4TH TRIMESTER AND EARLY POSTPARTUM| QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS| LATEST UPDATE 100% SOLVED
Breast Feeding Mother Chest consideration Colostrum, a yellowish fluid can be expressed
from nipples evident towards end of pregnancy.
Tenderness may persist for 48 hours after the start of lactation.
non-breastfeeding mothers Engorgement: Will resolve within 24 to 36 hours.
Breast binder or tight bra, ice packs, or mild analgesics can minimize discomfort
assessment Breast and chest Inspect:
Visually for symmetry, fullness/engorgement &/or erythema.
Assess nipples - ?flat or retracted.
Assess for signs of trauma - redness, blisters, fissures may occur due to poor latch)
Palpate: for engorgement, tenderness & plugged duct
Abnormal findings:
Cracked, bleeding nipples
Persistent nodules require further investigation
Abnormal Findings in a chest/breast assessment Cracked, bleeding nipples
Persistent nodules require further investigation
,Finds for the integumentary system after birth Stretch marks on breasts, abdomen, and
thighs may fade but not disappear.
Chloasma of pregnancy: usually disappears.
Hyperpigmentation of areolae and linea nigra may not disappear completely; Some women will
have permanent darker pigmentation
Findings for Muscuskeletal system after birth Lordosis is reversed in the puerperium
Joints stabilize by 6-8 weeks
Size of feet may increase
Back pain usually resolves in a few weeks or months following birth.
Findings for Neurological system after birth Pregnancy-related neurological discomforts go
away post delivery
Ongoing headache requires careful assessment.
postpartum headache is associated with:
gestational hypertension
stress
leakage of cerebrospinal fluid into extradural space during placement of needle for epidural or
spinal anaesthesia.
,Findings for the Immune system after birth suppressed during pregnancy, gradually returns
to its prepregnant
rebound of the immune system can trigger flare-ups of autoimmune e.g. multiple sclerosis or
lupus erythematosus
Postpartum Nursing Care
Promoting Rest Postpartum fatigue (PPF)
Postpartum Nursing Care
Promoting ambulation Orthostatic hypotension
Prevention of falls
Prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE)
VTE prophylaxis
Postpartum nursing care
Preventing infection Routine precautions
Proper perineal care
Hand hygiene
Postpartum nursing care
Promoting breastfeeding Skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth
, Suppression of lactation
Postpartum nursing Care
Health Promotion Rubella vaccination
If patient is not immune, vaccination is recommended.
Prevention of Rh Isoimmunization
Rh immune globulin should be given within 72 hours for Rh-negative patients who give birth to
an Rh-positive newborn.
Postpartum Nursing Care
Promoting nutrition Caloric intake is 1800 to 2200 kcal/day; lactating women need to add
350 to 400 kcal/day.
Promoting normal bladder function
Promoting normal bowel function
Promoting breastfeeding
Skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth
Suppression of lactation
What nursing care Promoting Nurse care should be given PP Health Promotion
Promoting nutrition
Promoting normal bladder function
Promoting normal bowel function
AND ANSWERS| LATEST UPDATE 100% SOLVED
Breast Feeding Mother Chest consideration Colostrum, a yellowish fluid can be expressed
from nipples evident towards end of pregnancy.
Tenderness may persist for 48 hours after the start of lactation.
non-breastfeeding mothers Engorgement: Will resolve within 24 to 36 hours.
Breast binder or tight bra, ice packs, or mild analgesics can minimize discomfort
assessment Breast and chest Inspect:
Visually for symmetry, fullness/engorgement &/or erythema.
Assess nipples - ?flat or retracted.
Assess for signs of trauma - redness, blisters, fissures may occur due to poor latch)
Palpate: for engorgement, tenderness & plugged duct
Abnormal findings:
Cracked, bleeding nipples
Persistent nodules require further investigation
Abnormal Findings in a chest/breast assessment Cracked, bleeding nipples
Persistent nodules require further investigation
,Finds for the integumentary system after birth Stretch marks on breasts, abdomen, and
thighs may fade but not disappear.
Chloasma of pregnancy: usually disappears.
Hyperpigmentation of areolae and linea nigra may not disappear completely; Some women will
have permanent darker pigmentation
Findings for Muscuskeletal system after birth Lordosis is reversed in the puerperium
Joints stabilize by 6-8 weeks
Size of feet may increase
Back pain usually resolves in a few weeks or months following birth.
Findings for Neurological system after birth Pregnancy-related neurological discomforts go
away post delivery
Ongoing headache requires careful assessment.
postpartum headache is associated with:
gestational hypertension
stress
leakage of cerebrospinal fluid into extradural space during placement of needle for epidural or
spinal anaesthesia.
,Findings for the Immune system after birth suppressed during pregnancy, gradually returns
to its prepregnant
rebound of the immune system can trigger flare-ups of autoimmune e.g. multiple sclerosis or
lupus erythematosus
Postpartum Nursing Care
Promoting Rest Postpartum fatigue (PPF)
Postpartum Nursing Care
Promoting ambulation Orthostatic hypotension
Prevention of falls
Prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE)
VTE prophylaxis
Postpartum nursing care
Preventing infection Routine precautions
Proper perineal care
Hand hygiene
Postpartum nursing care
Promoting breastfeeding Skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth
, Suppression of lactation
Postpartum nursing Care
Health Promotion Rubella vaccination
If patient is not immune, vaccination is recommended.
Prevention of Rh Isoimmunization
Rh immune globulin should be given within 72 hours for Rh-negative patients who give birth to
an Rh-positive newborn.
Postpartum Nursing Care
Promoting nutrition Caloric intake is 1800 to 2200 kcal/day; lactating women need to add
350 to 400 kcal/day.
Promoting normal bladder function
Promoting normal bowel function
Promoting breastfeeding
Skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth
Suppression of lactation
What nursing care Promoting Nurse care should be given PP Health Promotion
Promoting nutrition
Promoting normal bladder function
Promoting normal bowel function
