PHARM 180 STUDY GUIDE 2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Amoxicillin-clavulanate side effects - ✔✔-GI upset.
-allergic reactions (rash, anaphylaxis).
-superinfections (oral thrush, *C. diff.*).
✔✔who cannot take amoxicillin? - ✔✔those with an allergy to penicillin or
cephalosporins.
✔✔amoxicillin patient teaching - ✔✔-take with food to reduce GI upset.
-complete full course even if symptoms improve.
-report signs of allergic reaction or severe diarrhea.
✔✔ampicillin - ✔✔-broad spectrum penicillin antibiotic.
-treats bacterial infections such as respiratory, urinary, GI, and meningitis.
✔✔ampicillin side effects - ✔✔-GI upset (n/v/d).
-allergic reactions (pruritis, rash, anaphylaxis).
-superinfections (oral thrush, vaginal yeast infection).
✔✔ampicillin patient teaching - ✔✔-take on empty stomach for best absorption (1-2
hours before meals).
-complete course even if symptoms improve.
-report signs of allergic reaction or severe diarrhea.
✔✔what priority finding should be done prior to administering ampicillin? - ✔✔-allergic
reaction or anaphylaxis.
-stop medication and notify provider right away.
-administer epinephrine.
✔✔aspirin - ✔✔-NSAID.
-antipyretic.
-antiplatelet agent.
-used for inflammatory conditions such as RA.
-low dose for MI and stroke prevention.
✔✔aspirin side effects - ✔✔-GI upset (nausea, dyspepsia).
-GI bleeding and ulceration.
-tinnitus (sign of toxicity).
-reye's syndrome.
✔✔aspirin contraindications - ✔✔-*children with viral illnesses (reye's syndrome).*
-active bleeding or PUD.
-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs.
,✔✔asthma - ✔✔A chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways causing airway
hyperresponsiveness, obstruction, and bronchoconstriction.
✔✔asthma medications - ✔✔-bronchodilators (rescue for acute attack).
-long term control: inhaled corticosteroids, long acting beta agonist, leukotriene
modifiers.
✔✔bronchodilators for acute asthma attack - ✔✔-albuterol.
-quick relief of bronchospasm.
-may cause tachycardia, tremors, nervousness.
✔✔long term control asthma medications - ✔✔-inhaled corticosteroids (fluticasone,
budesonide) reduce airway inflammation. may cause oral candidiasis (rinse mouth after
use).
-LABAs (salmeterol, formoterol) not for acute attacks.
-leukotriene modifiers (montelukast) reduces airway inflammation and prevents
bronchoconstriction. may cause headache or mood changes.
✔✔Atorvastatin (Lipitor) - ✔✔-statin.
-used for hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia.
-prevents cardiovascular vents such as MI and stroke.
-increases LDL receptor uptake to lower LDL levels.
✔✔atorvastatin side effects - ✔✔-GI upset.
-headache.
-myopathy.
-rhadomyolysis.
-hepatotoxicity.
✔✔atorvastatin patient teaching and monitoring - ✔✔-baseline and periodic liver
function tests.
-monitor for signs of myopathy.
-take in the evening (cholesterol synthesis highest at night).
-no grapefruit juice (can increase drug levels).
-report unexplained weakness, muscle pain, dark urine immediately.
✔✔labs prior to starting atorvastatin - ✔✔-liver function test: baseline ALT, AST,
bilirubin (may cause hepatotoxicity, (recheck 4-12 weeks after starting treatment).
-lipid panel: total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides.
-creatine kinase.
-renal function: BUN, creatinine.
✔✔baclofen - ✔✔-centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant.
-management of spasticity of MS, spinal cord injuries, other neurological disorders.
, ✔✔baclofen for MS side effects - ✔✔-drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, muscle weakness.
-CNS depression.
-hypotension.
-seizures.
-nausea.
-constipation.
✔✔mediations for bacterial conjunctivitis - ✔✔-antibiotic eye drops or ointments:
-erythromycin ophthalmic ointment, trimethoprim polymyxin B drops, ciprofloxacin drops
or ointment (severe cases).
-kill or inhibit bacterial growth in conjunctiva.
✔✔antibiotic eye drops or ointment administration - ✔✔-clean affected eye before
administration.
-apply drops or ointment as directed.
-avoid touching dropper tip to eye or other surfaces.
✔✔breast cancer and doxorubicin - ✔✔-chemotherapy.
-used as part of chemo regimens for BC and other malignancies.
✔✔doxorubicin side effects - ✔✔-nausea.
-vomiting.
-stomatitis.
-alopecia.
-cardiotoxicity (heart failure).
-myelosuppression.
-extravasation at IV site.
✔✔doxorubicin pre administration checks - ✔✔-baseline cardiac assessment
(echocardiogram or MUGA)
-labs: CBC (adequate neutrophil count), LFTs, renal function test in acceptable ranges.
-assess for hypersensitivity prior.
✔✔what does doxorubicin do to urine? - ✔✔may turn urine a temporary pink or red
color.
✔✔captopril for hypertension - ✔✔-ACE inhibitor.
-used for hypertension, HF, diabetic neuropathy, and reduce risk or cardiovascular
events.
✔✔captopril side effects - ✔✔-common: hypotension, dizziness, fatigue.
-serious: hyperkalemia, dry persistent cough, angioedema, renal dysfunction.
✔✔captopril considerations - ✔✔-blood pressure and renal function (BUN, creatinine).
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Amoxicillin-clavulanate side effects - ✔✔-GI upset.
-allergic reactions (rash, anaphylaxis).
-superinfections (oral thrush, *C. diff.*).
✔✔who cannot take amoxicillin? - ✔✔those with an allergy to penicillin or
cephalosporins.
✔✔amoxicillin patient teaching - ✔✔-take with food to reduce GI upset.
-complete full course even if symptoms improve.
-report signs of allergic reaction or severe diarrhea.
✔✔ampicillin - ✔✔-broad spectrum penicillin antibiotic.
-treats bacterial infections such as respiratory, urinary, GI, and meningitis.
✔✔ampicillin side effects - ✔✔-GI upset (n/v/d).
-allergic reactions (pruritis, rash, anaphylaxis).
-superinfections (oral thrush, vaginal yeast infection).
✔✔ampicillin patient teaching - ✔✔-take on empty stomach for best absorption (1-2
hours before meals).
-complete course even if symptoms improve.
-report signs of allergic reaction or severe diarrhea.
✔✔what priority finding should be done prior to administering ampicillin? - ✔✔-allergic
reaction or anaphylaxis.
-stop medication and notify provider right away.
-administer epinephrine.
✔✔aspirin - ✔✔-NSAID.
-antipyretic.
-antiplatelet agent.
-used for inflammatory conditions such as RA.
-low dose for MI and stroke prevention.
✔✔aspirin side effects - ✔✔-GI upset (nausea, dyspepsia).
-GI bleeding and ulceration.
-tinnitus (sign of toxicity).
-reye's syndrome.
✔✔aspirin contraindications - ✔✔-*children with viral illnesses (reye's syndrome).*
-active bleeding or PUD.
-hypersensitivity to NSAIDs.
,✔✔asthma - ✔✔A chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways causing airway
hyperresponsiveness, obstruction, and bronchoconstriction.
✔✔asthma medications - ✔✔-bronchodilators (rescue for acute attack).
-long term control: inhaled corticosteroids, long acting beta agonist, leukotriene
modifiers.
✔✔bronchodilators for acute asthma attack - ✔✔-albuterol.
-quick relief of bronchospasm.
-may cause tachycardia, tremors, nervousness.
✔✔long term control asthma medications - ✔✔-inhaled corticosteroids (fluticasone,
budesonide) reduce airway inflammation. may cause oral candidiasis (rinse mouth after
use).
-LABAs (salmeterol, formoterol) not for acute attacks.
-leukotriene modifiers (montelukast) reduces airway inflammation and prevents
bronchoconstriction. may cause headache or mood changes.
✔✔Atorvastatin (Lipitor) - ✔✔-statin.
-used for hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia.
-prevents cardiovascular vents such as MI and stroke.
-increases LDL receptor uptake to lower LDL levels.
✔✔atorvastatin side effects - ✔✔-GI upset.
-headache.
-myopathy.
-rhadomyolysis.
-hepatotoxicity.
✔✔atorvastatin patient teaching and monitoring - ✔✔-baseline and periodic liver
function tests.
-monitor for signs of myopathy.
-take in the evening (cholesterol synthesis highest at night).
-no grapefruit juice (can increase drug levels).
-report unexplained weakness, muscle pain, dark urine immediately.
✔✔labs prior to starting atorvastatin - ✔✔-liver function test: baseline ALT, AST,
bilirubin (may cause hepatotoxicity, (recheck 4-12 weeks after starting treatment).
-lipid panel: total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides.
-creatine kinase.
-renal function: BUN, creatinine.
✔✔baclofen - ✔✔-centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant.
-management of spasticity of MS, spinal cord injuries, other neurological disorders.
, ✔✔baclofen for MS side effects - ✔✔-drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, muscle weakness.
-CNS depression.
-hypotension.
-seizures.
-nausea.
-constipation.
✔✔mediations for bacterial conjunctivitis - ✔✔-antibiotic eye drops or ointments:
-erythromycin ophthalmic ointment, trimethoprim polymyxin B drops, ciprofloxacin drops
or ointment (severe cases).
-kill or inhibit bacterial growth in conjunctiva.
✔✔antibiotic eye drops or ointment administration - ✔✔-clean affected eye before
administration.
-apply drops or ointment as directed.
-avoid touching dropper tip to eye or other surfaces.
✔✔breast cancer and doxorubicin - ✔✔-chemotherapy.
-used as part of chemo regimens for BC and other malignancies.
✔✔doxorubicin side effects - ✔✔-nausea.
-vomiting.
-stomatitis.
-alopecia.
-cardiotoxicity (heart failure).
-myelosuppression.
-extravasation at IV site.
✔✔doxorubicin pre administration checks - ✔✔-baseline cardiac assessment
(echocardiogram or MUGA)
-labs: CBC (adequate neutrophil count), LFTs, renal function test in acceptable ranges.
-assess for hypersensitivity prior.
✔✔what does doxorubicin do to urine? - ✔✔may turn urine a temporary pink or red
color.
✔✔captopril for hypertension - ✔✔-ACE inhibitor.
-used for hypertension, HF, diabetic neuropathy, and reduce risk or cardiovascular
events.
✔✔captopril side effects - ✔✔-common: hypotension, dizziness, fatigue.
-serious: hyperkalemia, dry persistent cough, angioedema, renal dysfunction.
✔✔captopril considerations - ✔✔-blood pressure and renal function (BUN, creatinine).
