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Summary

Summary Notes - Acids and Bases

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Unit 3.1.12 - Acids and bases
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Master pH, Ka, and buffer solutions with this clear, no-fluff summary – perfect for Year 13 and exam revision. Covers strong vs weak acids, Ka/pKa, pH calculations, buffers, titration curves & indicators Step-by-step methods + example questions AQA friendly Ideal for both understanding and last-minute prep Confidently tackle any acids & bases question – all the essentials in one place.

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‭Acids‬‭+‬‭Bases‬


‭ cid:‬‭substance‬‭that‬‭reacts‬‭with‬‭water‬‭to‬‭form‬‭H+‬‭(aq)‬‭ions‬
A
‭H‭+‬ ‬ ‭ions‬‭are‬‭just‬‭a‬‭single‬‭proton,‬‭so‬‭are‬‭tiny‬‭and‬‭charged‬
‭+‬
‭Do‬‭not‬‭exist‬‭on‬‭their‬‭own‬‭in‬‭water‬‭as‬‭they‬‭interact‬‭with‬‭H2O‬‭molecules‬‭(forming‬‭H‭3‬ ‭O
‬ ‬ ‭)‬



‭Brønsted–Lowry‬‭Acids‬‭and‬‭Bases:‬

‭ cid‬ =
A ‭ ‬‭proton‬‭donor‬
‭Base‬ ‭=‬‭proton‬‭acceptor‬




‭ emember‬‭to‬‭multiply‬‭conc‬‭by‬‭2‬‭for‬‭diprotic‬‭acid.‬
R
‭Divide‬‭by‬‭2‬‭for‬‭conc‬‭when‬‭going‬‭backwards.‬

, ‭ o‬‭find‬‭pH‬‭of‬‭a‬‭strong‬‭acid:‬
T
‭pH‬‭=‬‭-‬‭log‬‭[H‬‭+‭]‬ ‬
‭[H‬‭+‭]‬ ‬‭=‬‭10‬‭-pH‬

‭When‬‭a‬‭solution‬‭added‬‭to‬‭another:‬

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  • revision
  • acids
  • bases
  • indicators
  • buffer solutions
  • solution
  • summary
  • ka
  • ph

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