PCB 3023 Molecular Cell Biology Exam
1 questions and answers graded A+
Cell Characteristics - correct answer - fundamental units of life
- all cells came from an ancestral cell
- enclosed by a plasma membrane
- cells are essentially the same in chemical composition
Cytosol - correct answer aqueous component of cytoplasm
lysosomes - correct answer organelle containing degradative enzymes
- digests food that has been taken up
Golgi apparatus - correct answer organelle involved in intermolecular transport and secretion
Peroxisomes - correct answer small organelle that contains catalase and oxidase
Endoplasmic reticulum - correct answer organelle that contains ribosomes and is involved in protein
and lipid synthesis
Primitive earth - correct answer lacked oxygen
self-replicating macromolecules - correct answer - necessary for reproduction and evolution
- example: nucleic acids
RNA-genetic theory - correct answer primitive genes may have run on RNA
- RNA molecule - ribozyme has enzymatic activity
- RNA can catalyze the polymerization of nucleotides, including the synthesis of a complementary
RNA
, Prokaryotes - correct answer Lack a nucleus, nuclear envelope, organelles, or a cytoskeleton
- have a cell wall, rapid division, and intracellular compartments
- have different shapes, sizes, and variable habitats = most diverse of cells
Eukaryotes - correct answer Have a nuclear envelope, nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and
cytoskeleton
- defined by presence of a nucleus*
Mitochondria - correct answer Inner and outer layers
contains ribosomes
contains DNA in inner region
Endocytosis - correct answer Process of the cell taking up nutrients, ions, and particles
Exocytosis - correct answer Process of the cell secreting or exporting signals and hormones
Endosymbiosis - correct answer -Process of prokaryotes entering into eukaryotic cells to become
specialized organelles
- the organelles lost genes to the nucleus and could no longer survive outside the cell
Theory for natural selection of eukaryotes - correct answer As the atmosphere became more oxygen-
rich, they could produce more energy via aerobic respiration
epithelial cells - correct answer Sheets of cells that provide the lining of internal organs
Connective tissue - correct answer make up bones, cartilage, adipose tissue, and fibroblasts
Blood cells - correct answer - red blood cells shed their nuclei so they can carry more oxygen and
hemoglobin
- white blood cells carry immune defense
Muscle cells - correct answer - Multi-nucleated
1 questions and answers graded A+
Cell Characteristics - correct answer - fundamental units of life
- all cells came from an ancestral cell
- enclosed by a plasma membrane
- cells are essentially the same in chemical composition
Cytosol - correct answer aqueous component of cytoplasm
lysosomes - correct answer organelle containing degradative enzymes
- digests food that has been taken up
Golgi apparatus - correct answer organelle involved in intermolecular transport and secretion
Peroxisomes - correct answer small organelle that contains catalase and oxidase
Endoplasmic reticulum - correct answer organelle that contains ribosomes and is involved in protein
and lipid synthesis
Primitive earth - correct answer lacked oxygen
self-replicating macromolecules - correct answer - necessary for reproduction and evolution
- example: nucleic acids
RNA-genetic theory - correct answer primitive genes may have run on RNA
- RNA molecule - ribozyme has enzymatic activity
- RNA can catalyze the polymerization of nucleotides, including the synthesis of a complementary
RNA
, Prokaryotes - correct answer Lack a nucleus, nuclear envelope, organelles, or a cytoskeleton
- have a cell wall, rapid division, and intracellular compartments
- have different shapes, sizes, and variable habitats = most diverse of cells
Eukaryotes - correct answer Have a nuclear envelope, nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and
cytoskeleton
- defined by presence of a nucleus*
Mitochondria - correct answer Inner and outer layers
contains ribosomes
contains DNA in inner region
Endocytosis - correct answer Process of the cell taking up nutrients, ions, and particles
Exocytosis - correct answer Process of the cell secreting or exporting signals and hormones
Endosymbiosis - correct answer -Process of prokaryotes entering into eukaryotic cells to become
specialized organelles
- the organelles lost genes to the nucleus and could no longer survive outside the cell
Theory for natural selection of eukaryotes - correct answer As the atmosphere became more oxygen-
rich, they could produce more energy via aerobic respiration
epithelial cells - correct answer Sheets of cells that provide the lining of internal organs
Connective tissue - correct answer make up bones, cartilage, adipose tissue, and fibroblasts
Blood cells - correct answer - red blood cells shed their nuclei so they can carry more oxygen and
hemoglobin
- white blood cells carry immune defense
Muscle cells - correct answer - Multi-nucleated
