BTM 200 COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS UNIT 5

Digital Convergence - Correct Ans-is the gradual merger of computing and communications into a new information environment, in which the same information is exchanged among many kinds of equipment, using the language of computers. Digital - Correct Ans-Signals that computer uses to process a series of datas 0s and 1s, off and on. Analog - Correct Ans-signals that use wave variations, continuously changing. Can an analog data be converted to digital data? - Correct Ans-yes, by using modems Modem - Correct Ans-short for modulate/ demodulate. Communications hardware device that facilitates the transmission of data. What does WAN stand for? - Correct Ans-Wide Area Network. It allows communication around the whole world. It is meant to help others share resources. Example: The Internet What does MAN stand for? - Correct Ans-Metropolitan Area Network. Communications network covering a city or a suburb. Many cellphone systems are MANs. What does LAN stand for and what is it? - Correct Ans-Local Are Network. Connects computers and devices in a limited geographic area, such as one office, one building, or a group of buildings close together. (A home area network is a LAN.) What does P2P stand for? - Correct Ans-peer-to-peer. All computers on the network are "equal" and communicate directly with one another, without relying on servers. client/server network - Correct Ans-A network that uses centrally administered computers, known as "servers", to enable resource sharing for and to facilitate communication between the other computers on the network. Intranets - Correct Ans-use infrastructure and standards of the Internet and the web, but for an organization's internal use only. Extranet - Correct Ans-Similar to an intranet, but allows specific users outside of the organization to access internal information systems. VPNs - Correct Ans-(virtual private networks): use a public network (usually the Internet) plus intranets and extranets to connect an organization's various sites) but on a private basis, via encryption and authentication; regular Internet users do not have access to the VPN's data and information. Firewall - Correct Ans-a system of hardware and/or software that protects the system from intruders. (security software for the intranets, extranets and VPNs). Hosts - Correct Ans-Client/server network has a host computer, which controls the network. Nodes - Correct Ans-any device attached to the network Packets - Correct Ans-fixed-length blocks of data for transmission, reassembled after transmission Protocols - Correct Ans-A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices. Handshaking protocol - Correct Ans-The sending and receiving devices exchange signals to establish that they are each ready to initiate data transfer. what are the four types of information that help Packet, or electronic message reach its destination? - Correct Ans-1. the sender's address (IP) 2. the intended receiver's address 3. how many packets the complete message has been broken into 4. the number of this particular packet. The packets carry the data in the protocols that the Internet uses—that is, TCP/IP Network linking devices - Correct Ans-switch, bridge, gateway, router, backbone, NIC, NOS switch - Correct Ans-Device that connects computers to a network; sends only to intended recipients; operates back and forth at the same time. bridge - Correct Ans-interface device that connects same type of networks gateway - Correct Ans-interface device that connects dissimilar networks Router - Correct Ans-device that directs messages among several networks, wired or wireless. backbone - Correct Ans-Main Internet highway that connects all networks in an organization; includes switches, gateways, routers, etc. NIC - Correct Ans-A Network Interface Card- inserted in a slot on the motherboard, enables computer to operate as part of a network NOS - Correct Ans-Network Operating System - the system software that manages network activity. network topology - Correct Ans-refers to the layout (shape) of a network Basic Network Topologies - Correct Ans-Star, Ring, Bus, Tree and Mesh star - Correct Ans-all nodes are connected through a central network switch ring - Correct Ans-all nodes are connected in a continuous loop bus - Correct Ans-all nodes are connected to a single wire or cable tree - Correct Ans-a bus network of star networks Mesh - Correct Ans-There must be at least two paths to any individual computer to create a mesh network. (Wireless networks are often implemented as a mesh, and the Internet is a mesh.) Ethernet - Correct Ans-Network standard for linking all devices in a local area network that describes how data can be sent between computers and other networked devices usually in close proximity. Communication media - Correct Ans-are the means of interchanging or transmitting and receiving information 3 types of communication media - Correct Ans-1. Twisted-Pair Wire 2. Coaxial Cable 3. Fiber-Optic Cable twisted-pair cable - Correct Ans--Cables made of copper wires that are twisted around each other and are surrounded by a plastic jacket (such as traditional home phone wire). -Data rates are 1 - 128 megabits per second (slow) coaxial cable - Correct Ans-insulated copper wire wrapped in a metal sheild then in an external plastic cover; used for cable tv and cable internet signals; Carries voice and data up to 200 megabits per second fibre optic cable - Correct Ans-Cable that is glass or plastic that carries data transmitted as light. Can transmit up to 2 gigabits per second (very fast) electromagnetic spectrum - Correct Ans-is the basis of all telecommunications signals, wired and wireless. radio frequency spectrum - Correct Ans-is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that carries most communications signals. Bandwith - Correct Ans-range (band) of frequencies that a transmission medium can carry in a given period of time what is analog bandwidth and digital bandwidth expressed in? - Correct Ans-Analog bandwidth is expressed in hertz, digital bandwidth is in bits per second (bps) Narrowband - Correct Ans-(voiceband): used for regular telephone communications Transmission rate 1.5 megabits per second or less Boradband - Correct Ans-For high-speed data and high-quality audio and video; wide band of frequencies Transmission rate 1.5 megabits per second to 1 gigabit per second or more TC/IP - Correct Ans-is the protocol for getting wired devices connected to the Internet WAP (Wireless Access Point) - Correct Ans-A device that provides a connection between wireless devices and can connect to wired networks. Just as the protocol TCP/IP was designed to provide a wired connection to your Internet access provider, WAP is a standard designed to link nearly all mobile devices telecommunications carriers' wireless networks and content providers. 5 types of wireless communication media - Correct Ans-1. Infrared Transmission 2. Broadcast radio 3. Cellular radio 4. Microwave radio 5. Communication Satellites infrared transmission - Correct Ans-• Sends signals using infrared light (TV remotes) • Frequencies are too low to see (1-16 megabits per second) broadcast radio - Correct Ans-sends data over long distance using a transmitter and receiver (upto 2 mb/s)- examples: AM/FM, cellphones, police radio cellular radio - Correct Ans-a form of broadcast radio that is used widely for mobile communications. Transmits voice and digital messages. Microwave Radio - Correct Ans-Superhigh-frequency radio transmit voice and data at 45 megabits per second Requires line-of-sight t