HLTH 330 Human Nutrition
Final Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which macronutrient provides the highest amount of energy
per gram?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Fats
D. Vitamins
ANS: C. Fats
Rationale: Fats provide 9 kilocalories per gram, while
carbohydrates and proteins each provide 4 kilocalories per gram.
2. What is the primary function of dietary fiber in the
gastrointestinal system?
©2025
, A. Provide energy
B. Promote digestion and prevent constipation
C. Enhance lipid metabolism
D. Increase protein synthesis
ANS: B. Promote digestion and prevent constipation
Rationale: Fiber adds bulk to stool, promotes bowel
movement, and supports gut health.
3. Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption in the body?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
ANS: C. Vitamin D
Rationale: Vitamin D facilitates calcium absorption in the
intestines and bone mineralization.
4. Which mineral is critical for oxygen transport in the blood?
A. Sodium
B. Iron
C. Potassium
©2025
, D. Zinc
ANS: B. Iron
Rationale: Iron is a component of hemoglobin in red blood
cells, which transports oxygen throughout the body.
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True/False Questions
5. Water-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver for long periods.
ANS: False
Rationale: Water-soluble vitamins (e.g., B and C) are not
stored and must be consumed regularly as they are excreted in
urine.
6. Omega-3 fatty acids are considered essential fats that the body
cannot synthesize.
ANS: True
Rationale: Omega-3 fatty acids must be obtained from the
diet as the body cannot produce them.
7. Excessive sodium intake is associated with an increased risk of
hypertension.
©2025
, ANS: True
Rationale: High sodium levels raise blood pressure by
promoting water retention and increasing blood volume.
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Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
8. The process by which nutrients are absorbed in the small
intestine and transported into the bloodstream is called ________.
ANS: Digestion
Rationale: Digestion is the breakdown of food into
absorbable nutrients for transport to cells via the bloodstream.
9. ________ is the primary carbohydrate stored in the human
body for energy use.
ANS: Glycogen
Rationale: Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles and
provides a readily available source of energy.
10. The macronutrient responsible for the repair and growth of
body tissues is ________.
ANS: Protein
©2025
Final Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which macronutrient provides the highest amount of energy
per gram?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Fats
D. Vitamins
ANS: C. Fats
Rationale: Fats provide 9 kilocalories per gram, while
carbohydrates and proteins each provide 4 kilocalories per gram.
2. What is the primary function of dietary fiber in the
gastrointestinal system?
©2025
, A. Provide energy
B. Promote digestion and prevent constipation
C. Enhance lipid metabolism
D. Increase protein synthesis
ANS: B. Promote digestion and prevent constipation
Rationale: Fiber adds bulk to stool, promotes bowel
movement, and supports gut health.
3. Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption in the body?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
ANS: C. Vitamin D
Rationale: Vitamin D facilitates calcium absorption in the
intestines and bone mineralization.
4. Which mineral is critical for oxygen transport in the blood?
A. Sodium
B. Iron
C. Potassium
©2025
, D. Zinc
ANS: B. Iron
Rationale: Iron is a component of hemoglobin in red blood
cells, which transports oxygen throughout the body.
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True/False Questions
5. Water-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver for long periods.
ANS: False
Rationale: Water-soluble vitamins (e.g., B and C) are not
stored and must be consumed regularly as they are excreted in
urine.
6. Omega-3 fatty acids are considered essential fats that the body
cannot synthesize.
ANS: True
Rationale: Omega-3 fatty acids must be obtained from the
diet as the body cannot produce them.
7. Excessive sodium intake is associated with an increased risk of
hypertension.
©2025
, ANS: True
Rationale: High sodium levels raise blood pressure by
promoting water retention and increasing blood volume.
---
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
8. The process by which nutrients are absorbed in the small
intestine and transported into the bloodstream is called ________.
ANS: Digestion
Rationale: Digestion is the breakdown of food into
absorbable nutrients for transport to cells via the bloodstream.
9. ________ is the primary carbohydrate stored in the human
body for energy use.
ANS: Glycogen
Rationale: Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles and
provides a readily available source of energy.
10. The macronutrient responsible for the repair and growth of
body tissues is ________.
ANS: Protein
©2025
