NR341 PHARM TEST questions and answers
with solutions 2025
Albuterol Contraindications/Precautions - ANSWER cardiac disease, HPT, hyperthyroidism,
diabetes, glaucoma, seizure disorders
Albuterol Indiciations - ANSWER adrenergic used as a bronchodilator to control & prevent
reversible airway obstruction caused by asthma or COPD
Albuterol Side Effects - ANSWER nervousness, restlessness, tremor, HA, insomnia (occurs more
in children), hyperactivity in children, paradoxical bronchospasm (due to excessive use of
inhales), chest pain, palpitations, angina, arrhythmias, HPT, N/V, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia,
tremor
Albuterol Interactions - ANSWER MAOI's lead to hypertensive crisis; beta blockers negate
therapeutic effect; decrease digoxin levels; risk of hypokalemia increases w/use of K+ losing
diuretics (hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity); use w/caffeine-containing herbs
(cola nut, guarana, tea, coffee) increases stimulant effect
Albuterol Nursing Implications - ANSWER monitor/report tachycardia, heart palpitations, &
chest pain; monitor/report tremors
Albuterol Patient Teaching - ANSWER report chest pain & heart palpitations; report increase in
pulse rate; avoid caffeine; notify PCP if tremors interfere with ADLs
T-PA Indications - ANSWER tissue plasminogen activator & recombinant approved by the U.S
FDA for IV thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke w/in 3 hours of onset of stroke symptoms; only
approved for PT's 18yo & older
,t-PA - ANSWER Alteplase
Albuterol - ANSWER Ventolin
T-PA Precautions/Contraindications - ANSWER unclear time/unwitnessed symptom onset/last
known baseline state greater than 3-4.5 hrs; current or HX of IC hemorrhage; CT showing
hypoattenuation or hypoperfusion representing irreversible injury; recent (w/in 3 months)
ischemic stroke, severe head trauma, or intracranial/intraspinal surgery; Subarachnoid
hemorrhage; GI malignancy or GI bleed within 21 days of stroke event; IC conditions that may
increase risk of bleeding (such as intracranial neoplasm, arteriovenous malformation, or
aneurysm); Coagulopathy; Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment doses within the
previous 24 hrs; Current use of anticoagulant with INR > 1.7 or PT > 15 seconds; Current use of
direct thrombin inhibitors or direct factor Xa inhibitors w/elevated laboratory tests; Concurrent
use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors; Infective endocarditis; Aortic arch dissection;
Intra-axial intracranial neoplasm - lesions located within the brain tissue
T-PA Adverse Effects - ANSWER Bleeding (most common); Orolingual angioedema; Arrhythmias;
Hypotension; Edema; Cholesterol embolization; Venous thrombosis; Re-embolization of deep
venous thrombi (DVT) in patients with pulmonary embolims; Nausea; Vomiting; Hypersensitivity
reactions
T-PA Interactions - ANSWER Warfarin; aspirin (ASA); NSAID's (Ibuprofen, Naproxen,
Nabumetone, and platelet inhibitors such as-Plavix, Effeint, Kengreal, and Brilinta); BC Alteplase
breaks down clots & interferes w/the body's ability to stop bleeding, any drugs that also
interfere w/the body's ability to form blood clots can increase the risk of bleeding in patients
T-PA Patient Teaching - ANSWER must be used w/in 8 hrs of being opened; can alter the test
results of coagulation & fibrinolytic activity tests; have patient immediately report to the PCP
any signs of bleeding (vomiting blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds; coughing up
blood; hematuria; black, red, or tarry stools; bleeding from the gums; abnormal vaginal
bleedings; bruises without a reason or that get better); immediately report to the PCP any signs
of DVT (edema, warmth, numbness, change in color, or pain in the extremities); report to PCP
,any severe cerebrovascular disease (change in strength on 1 side is greater than the other,
difficulty speaking or thinking, change in balance, or visual changes)
Amiodarone - ANSWER Cordarone
Amiodarone Indications - ANSWER class III potassium channel blocker that manages life-
threatening ventricular-tachycardia or fibrillation that's resistant to other drugs; may treat some
atrial dysrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation
Amiodarone Contraindications/Precautions - ANSWER cardiogenic shock; sick sinus syndrome,
2nd- or 3rd-degree AV block, bradycardia leading to syncope without a functioning pacemaker;
any known hypersensitivity to the drug or to any of its components, including iodine; pulmonary
toxicity; hepatic injury; worsened arrhythmia; visual impairment or loss of vision; thyroid
abnormalities; bradycardia; implantable cardiac devices; fetal toxicity; peripheral neuropathy;
photosensitivity & skin discoloration; surgery
Amiodarone Adverse Effects - ANSWER N/V; constipation; pulmonary toxicity w/ pneumonitis
(causing fever, cough, SOB), occurs most frequently w/ long-term and/or high-dose use and may
lead to pulmonary fibrosis); visual effects-optic neuropathy w/possible blindness & corneal
microdeposits, which may cause severe sensitivity to light, blurred vision; cardia effects-
bradycardia & hypotension (common w/ IV dose); heart failure may be worsened by
amiodarone therapy; blue-grey discoloration of the skin; CNS effects-dizziness, tremor,
hallucinations
Amiodarone Interactions - ANSWER QT prolonging drugs (class I and III antiarrhythmics, lithium,
tricyclic antidepressants, azole antifungals, etc.)- increase risk of Torsade de Pointes; Neg.
chronotropes (digoxin, beta blockers, verapamil, diltiazem, clonidine, ivabradine)- can result in
bradycardia, sinus arrest, and AV block; St. John's Wort & Cholestyramine can reduce the levels
of amiodarone; warfarin can result in serious or fatal bleeding; fentanyl can cause hypotension,
bradycardia, & decreased cardiac output
, Amiodarone Nursing Implications - ANSWER reduce dose for severe GI symptoms; test baseline
chest x-ray & pulmonary function before starting therapy BC the drug can cause pulmonary
toxicity w/ pneumonitis (causing fever, cough, SOB); monitor pulmonary function testing results
periodically; auscultate breath sounds & report changes or adventitious sounds; monitor for
changes in vision, light sensitivity; monitor pulse & BP, & report VS below the prescribed
parameters; monitor cardiac rhythm constantly during infusion; monitor for weight changes &
edema for both IV & oral therapy; monitor for blue-grey discoloration of skin; report CNS effects
Amiodarone Patient Teaching - ANSWER take w/food or milk if N/V or constipation occur (but be
sure to take at consistent times during the day); comply w/chest x-ray & pulm function testing;
report fever, dry cough, SOB, or other resp symptoms; report sensitivity to light & changes in
vision; obtain regular ophthalmic checkups; wear sunglasses; report dizziness, syncope; for oral
therapy, monitor pulse rate & report rates slower than 60BPM; report weight gain & edema; be
aware that skin discoloration may occur; report tremor, dizziness, hallucinations; avoid
hazardous activity such as driving if dizziness occurs; due to long half-life of this drug, avoid
pregnancy & breastfeeding during therapy & for several months after therapy is discontinued
Amlodipine - ANSWER Norvasc
Amlodipine Indications - ANSWER calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and
angina
Amlodipine Adverse Effects - ANSWER dry mouth; facial flushing; nausea, vomiting; stomach
gas, pain; tired, weak; trouble sleeping; fluid retention in the legs, arms, or hands; visible water
retention; dizzy, drowsiness
Amlodipine Interactions - ANSWER any products that have ingredients that can raise your BP,
such as cough-and-cold products, diet aids, or NSAIDs like Motrin or naproxen
Amlodipine Nursing Implications - ANSWER monitor BP for therapeutic effectiveness; monitor
S/S of dose-related peripheral or facial edema that may be accompanied by weight gain;
with solutions 2025
Albuterol Contraindications/Precautions - ANSWER cardiac disease, HPT, hyperthyroidism,
diabetes, glaucoma, seizure disorders
Albuterol Indiciations - ANSWER adrenergic used as a bronchodilator to control & prevent
reversible airway obstruction caused by asthma or COPD
Albuterol Side Effects - ANSWER nervousness, restlessness, tremor, HA, insomnia (occurs more
in children), hyperactivity in children, paradoxical bronchospasm (due to excessive use of
inhales), chest pain, palpitations, angina, arrhythmias, HPT, N/V, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia,
tremor
Albuterol Interactions - ANSWER MAOI's lead to hypertensive crisis; beta blockers negate
therapeutic effect; decrease digoxin levels; risk of hypokalemia increases w/use of K+ losing
diuretics (hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity); use w/caffeine-containing herbs
(cola nut, guarana, tea, coffee) increases stimulant effect
Albuterol Nursing Implications - ANSWER monitor/report tachycardia, heart palpitations, &
chest pain; monitor/report tremors
Albuterol Patient Teaching - ANSWER report chest pain & heart palpitations; report increase in
pulse rate; avoid caffeine; notify PCP if tremors interfere with ADLs
T-PA Indications - ANSWER tissue plasminogen activator & recombinant approved by the U.S
FDA for IV thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke w/in 3 hours of onset of stroke symptoms; only
approved for PT's 18yo & older
,t-PA - ANSWER Alteplase
Albuterol - ANSWER Ventolin
T-PA Precautions/Contraindications - ANSWER unclear time/unwitnessed symptom onset/last
known baseline state greater than 3-4.5 hrs; current or HX of IC hemorrhage; CT showing
hypoattenuation or hypoperfusion representing irreversible injury; recent (w/in 3 months)
ischemic stroke, severe head trauma, or intracranial/intraspinal surgery; Subarachnoid
hemorrhage; GI malignancy or GI bleed within 21 days of stroke event; IC conditions that may
increase risk of bleeding (such as intracranial neoplasm, arteriovenous malformation, or
aneurysm); Coagulopathy; Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment doses within the
previous 24 hrs; Current use of anticoagulant with INR > 1.7 or PT > 15 seconds; Current use of
direct thrombin inhibitors or direct factor Xa inhibitors w/elevated laboratory tests; Concurrent
use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors; Infective endocarditis; Aortic arch dissection;
Intra-axial intracranial neoplasm - lesions located within the brain tissue
T-PA Adverse Effects - ANSWER Bleeding (most common); Orolingual angioedema; Arrhythmias;
Hypotension; Edema; Cholesterol embolization; Venous thrombosis; Re-embolization of deep
venous thrombi (DVT) in patients with pulmonary embolims; Nausea; Vomiting; Hypersensitivity
reactions
T-PA Interactions - ANSWER Warfarin; aspirin (ASA); NSAID's (Ibuprofen, Naproxen,
Nabumetone, and platelet inhibitors such as-Plavix, Effeint, Kengreal, and Brilinta); BC Alteplase
breaks down clots & interferes w/the body's ability to stop bleeding, any drugs that also
interfere w/the body's ability to form blood clots can increase the risk of bleeding in patients
T-PA Patient Teaching - ANSWER must be used w/in 8 hrs of being opened; can alter the test
results of coagulation & fibrinolytic activity tests; have patient immediately report to the PCP
any signs of bleeding (vomiting blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds; coughing up
blood; hematuria; black, red, or tarry stools; bleeding from the gums; abnormal vaginal
bleedings; bruises without a reason or that get better); immediately report to the PCP any signs
of DVT (edema, warmth, numbness, change in color, or pain in the extremities); report to PCP
,any severe cerebrovascular disease (change in strength on 1 side is greater than the other,
difficulty speaking or thinking, change in balance, or visual changes)
Amiodarone - ANSWER Cordarone
Amiodarone Indications - ANSWER class III potassium channel blocker that manages life-
threatening ventricular-tachycardia or fibrillation that's resistant to other drugs; may treat some
atrial dysrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation
Amiodarone Contraindications/Precautions - ANSWER cardiogenic shock; sick sinus syndrome,
2nd- or 3rd-degree AV block, bradycardia leading to syncope without a functioning pacemaker;
any known hypersensitivity to the drug or to any of its components, including iodine; pulmonary
toxicity; hepatic injury; worsened arrhythmia; visual impairment or loss of vision; thyroid
abnormalities; bradycardia; implantable cardiac devices; fetal toxicity; peripheral neuropathy;
photosensitivity & skin discoloration; surgery
Amiodarone Adverse Effects - ANSWER N/V; constipation; pulmonary toxicity w/ pneumonitis
(causing fever, cough, SOB), occurs most frequently w/ long-term and/or high-dose use and may
lead to pulmonary fibrosis); visual effects-optic neuropathy w/possible blindness & corneal
microdeposits, which may cause severe sensitivity to light, blurred vision; cardia effects-
bradycardia & hypotension (common w/ IV dose); heart failure may be worsened by
amiodarone therapy; blue-grey discoloration of the skin; CNS effects-dizziness, tremor,
hallucinations
Amiodarone Interactions - ANSWER QT prolonging drugs (class I and III antiarrhythmics, lithium,
tricyclic antidepressants, azole antifungals, etc.)- increase risk of Torsade de Pointes; Neg.
chronotropes (digoxin, beta blockers, verapamil, diltiazem, clonidine, ivabradine)- can result in
bradycardia, sinus arrest, and AV block; St. John's Wort & Cholestyramine can reduce the levels
of amiodarone; warfarin can result in serious or fatal bleeding; fentanyl can cause hypotension,
bradycardia, & decreased cardiac output
, Amiodarone Nursing Implications - ANSWER reduce dose for severe GI symptoms; test baseline
chest x-ray & pulmonary function before starting therapy BC the drug can cause pulmonary
toxicity w/ pneumonitis (causing fever, cough, SOB); monitor pulmonary function testing results
periodically; auscultate breath sounds & report changes or adventitious sounds; monitor for
changes in vision, light sensitivity; monitor pulse & BP, & report VS below the prescribed
parameters; monitor cardiac rhythm constantly during infusion; monitor for weight changes &
edema for both IV & oral therapy; monitor for blue-grey discoloration of skin; report CNS effects
Amiodarone Patient Teaching - ANSWER take w/food or milk if N/V or constipation occur (but be
sure to take at consistent times during the day); comply w/chest x-ray & pulm function testing;
report fever, dry cough, SOB, or other resp symptoms; report sensitivity to light & changes in
vision; obtain regular ophthalmic checkups; wear sunglasses; report dizziness, syncope; for oral
therapy, monitor pulse rate & report rates slower than 60BPM; report weight gain & edema; be
aware that skin discoloration may occur; report tremor, dizziness, hallucinations; avoid
hazardous activity such as driving if dizziness occurs; due to long half-life of this drug, avoid
pregnancy & breastfeeding during therapy & for several months after therapy is discontinued
Amlodipine - ANSWER Norvasc
Amlodipine Indications - ANSWER calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and
angina
Amlodipine Adverse Effects - ANSWER dry mouth; facial flushing; nausea, vomiting; stomach
gas, pain; tired, weak; trouble sleeping; fluid retention in the legs, arms, or hands; visible water
retention; dizzy, drowsiness
Amlodipine Interactions - ANSWER any products that have ingredients that can raise your BP,
such as cough-and-cold products, diet aids, or NSAIDs like Motrin or naproxen
Amlodipine Nursing Implications - ANSWER monitor BP for therapeutic effectiveness; monitor
S/S of dose-related peripheral or facial edema that may be accompanied by weight gain;
