NSG 320 Final Exam Review
What is the ethical principle of Respect for Persons?
- right to self determination (health care decisions)
- autonomy to make own decision regardless of others' opinions
- informed consent
What is the ethical principle of Beneficence?
- do things for good
- risk vs benefit ratio
- benefits should outweigh risks
What is the ethical principle of Justice?
- everyone has a chance to be included (in a study)
- gender, race, age, economic status, etc.
- experimental drugs- everyone has a chance to try
What is the purpose of drug regulations?
to ensure safety, efficacy, equality, fairness, etc.
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
Which form of oral medication ensures rapid drug action?
liquid (solution, exiler)
What is the significance of protein binding?
- med will join with protein
- anything bound to protein is inactive
,- anything NOT bound to protein is ACTIVE
- if you do not have enough serum protein, you will have
increased med effects (there is not enough protein for med to
bind to = more free med)
For which effect do we monitor a patient with a history of liver
disease?
- cannot metabolize med as well
- med will be in body longer (increased duration)
- med dosage will have to be decreased to compensate
End-stage renal disease: what is the effect on drug levels?
- when renal function is decreased, drug will not be eliminated
well
- leads to increased serum drug levels
To what is the interval of drug dosage related?
half-life of the med
What is the effect of enteric coating on pills?
- used for drugs that break-down in stomach that irritate the
stomach
- the enteric coating is a delayed-release med; it will not be
broken-down until it is in the intestines
- do NOT cut/crush med
What is % of administered drug dose that reaches systemic
circulation?
bioavailability
best bioavailability med forms
, 1. IV
2. IM
3. SubQ
What is the significance of a narrow therapeutic index?
- therapeutic level is very close to toxic level
- drug monitoring (monitor serum drug levels, peak, and trough)
- check trough level before administering next dose
What is half-life?
when 50% of drug is eliminated from body
800 mg of a drug with 8-hour half life: How much left after 24
hours if no additional drug is given?
100 mg
Chapter 15
Chapter 15
Stimulation of the adrenergic system results in which effects?
- fight vs flight response
- increase: HR, BP, blood glucose, renin release by Beta 1
receptor
- bronchodilation
- pupillary dialtion
What are the effects of epinephrine?
- nonselective adrenergic agonist
- alpha 1 (vasoconstriction)
What is the ethical principle of Respect for Persons?
- right to self determination (health care decisions)
- autonomy to make own decision regardless of others' opinions
- informed consent
What is the ethical principle of Beneficence?
- do things for good
- risk vs benefit ratio
- benefits should outweigh risks
What is the ethical principle of Justice?
- everyone has a chance to be included (in a study)
- gender, race, age, economic status, etc.
- experimental drugs- everyone has a chance to try
What is the purpose of drug regulations?
to ensure safety, efficacy, equality, fairness, etc.
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
Which form of oral medication ensures rapid drug action?
liquid (solution, exiler)
What is the significance of protein binding?
- med will join with protein
- anything bound to protein is inactive
,- anything NOT bound to protein is ACTIVE
- if you do not have enough serum protein, you will have
increased med effects (there is not enough protein for med to
bind to = more free med)
For which effect do we monitor a patient with a history of liver
disease?
- cannot metabolize med as well
- med will be in body longer (increased duration)
- med dosage will have to be decreased to compensate
End-stage renal disease: what is the effect on drug levels?
- when renal function is decreased, drug will not be eliminated
well
- leads to increased serum drug levels
To what is the interval of drug dosage related?
half-life of the med
What is the effect of enteric coating on pills?
- used for drugs that break-down in stomach that irritate the
stomach
- the enteric coating is a delayed-release med; it will not be
broken-down until it is in the intestines
- do NOT cut/crush med
What is % of administered drug dose that reaches systemic
circulation?
bioavailability
best bioavailability med forms
, 1. IV
2. IM
3. SubQ
What is the significance of a narrow therapeutic index?
- therapeutic level is very close to toxic level
- drug monitoring (monitor serum drug levels, peak, and trough)
- check trough level before administering next dose
What is half-life?
when 50% of drug is eliminated from body
800 mg of a drug with 8-hour half life: How much left after 24
hours if no additional drug is given?
100 mg
Chapter 15
Chapter 15
Stimulation of the adrenergic system results in which effects?
- fight vs flight response
- increase: HR, BP, blood glucose, renin release by Beta 1
receptor
- bronchodilation
- pupillary dialtion
What are the effects of epinephrine?
- nonselective adrenergic agonist
- alpha 1 (vasoconstriction)
