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Samenvatting stadsgeografie

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Een samenvatting van alle hoofdstukken die nodig zijn voor het tentamen van stadsgeografie, inclusief college aantekeningen en plaatjes uit de powerpoints. Goed te gebruiken bij het open boek tentamen, alles was te vinden in deze samenvatting.

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Stadsgeografie samenvatting
Inhoud
Part 1...........................................................................................................................................3
1. Davis – The urbanisation of Human Population.................................................................3
2. Childe – The Urban Revolution..........................................................................................5
3. Pirenne – “city origins” and “cities and European Civilization”........................................7
4. Engels – The Great Towns..................................................................................................8
5. Taylor – Global City Network..........................................................................................10
6. Stout – The automobile, the city and the new urban mobilities........................................11
Part 2.........................................................................................................................................12
8. Mumford – The Urban Drama..........................................................................................12
9. Wirth – Urbanism as a way of life....................................................................................14
10. Anderson – The code of the street and Decent street families........................................15
11. Putnam – Bowling alone: America’s decline of social capital.......................................17
12. Florida – the city as innovation machine........................................................................19
13. Zukin – City that lost its soul..........................................................................................20
Part 3:........................................................................................................................................21
Platesection 2: social and symbolic use of urban space........................................................21
James Wilson and George Kelling – Broken Windows........................................................21
14. Burgess – The growth of a city: an introduction to a research project...........................22
15. Jane Jacobs – Uses of sidewalks: safety.........................................................................23
16. Daphne Spain – Gender and urban space........................................................................26
17. Madanipour – Social exclusion, space and time.............................................................28
18. Bruegmann – Causes of urban Sprawl............................................................................29
19. Castells – Space of flows, spaces of places: materials for a theory of urbanism in the
information age.....................................................................................................................30
Part 4.........................................................................................................................................31
Introduction...........................................................................................................................31
20. Harvey – The right to the city.........................................................................................32
21. Arnstein – Ladder of citizen participation......................................................................33
22. Stone – Reflections on regime politics: form governing coalition to urban political order
...............................................................................................................................................34
23. Porter – The competitive advantage of the inner city.....................................................36
Part 5.........................................................................................................................................38
Introduction...........................................................................................................................38
24. Olmsted – Public Parks and enlargement of towns.........................................................39
25. Howard – Authors introduction and The town-country magnet.....................................40

, 26. Le corbusier – A contemporary city................................................................................42
27. Wright – Broadacre city: a new community plan...........................................................44
28. World commission on environment and development – towards a sustainable
development..........................................................................................................................46
29. Congress for new urbanism – the charter of the new urbanism......................................47
Part 6.........................................................................................................................................49
30. Hall – The city of theory.................................................................................................49
31. Friedmann – The uses of planning theory.......................................................................50
32. Forester – Planning in the face of conflict......................................................................51
33. Batty – The Smart city....................................................................................................53
Part 7.........................................................................................................................................54
34. Project for public spaces – what is placemaking?...........................................................54
35. Whyte – the design of spaces..........................................................................................56
36. Perry - The neighbourhood unit......................................................................................59
37. Lynch – The city image and its elements........................................................................61
38. Allan Jacobs & Donals Appleyard - Toward an urban design manifesto.......................62
39. Jan Gehl – Selections form life between buildings.........................................................64
Part 8.........................................................................................................................................65
40. Saskia Sassen – The impact of the new technologies and globalization on cities..........65
41. Dough Sanders – The place where everything changes..................................................67
42. Peter Calthorpe – Selections form Urbanism in the age of climate change....................68
43. Jennifer Robinson – World cities, or a world of ordinary cities?...................................69
44. Niel Brenner & Roger Keil – from global cites to globalized urbanization...................70




2

,Part 1
1. Davis – The urbanisation of Human Population
Demograaf
“Urbanisation” and “Growth of Cities” zijn niet hetzelfde.
Urbanisatie = aantal mensen in de stad vergeleken met aantal op het
platteland. Dat kan ook door andere factoren veranderen, zoals hoge
sterfte op het platteland of doordat het aantal stedelijke inwoners
toeneemt zonder dat de stad groeit. Betekent niet noodzakelijkerwijs dat
de plattelandsbevolking krimpt, alleen dat de stedelijke bevolking sneller
groeit.

Migratie van het platteland is de belangrijkste factor in de geschiedenis
van stedelijke ontwikkeling, en ook nu en dus niet geboortes en sterftes.
(ruraal urbaan)
Ontwikkelde landen zijn aan het einde vd curve. Minder ontwikkelde zijn
nu aan het groeien, midden in de curve en sommige armere landen staan
nog aan het begin van de curve. Davis stelt dat er een einde zal komen
aan urbanisatie maar niet per sé aan bevolkingsgroei en de omvang van
steden. In minder ontwikkelde landen blijft de rurale bevolking ook
groeien, terwijl dat in Europa niet zo was.

Zijn beschrijving dat de totale omvang uiteindelijk niet duurzaam is valt
samen met Saskia Sassen en haar beschrijving van groeiende armoede en
ongelijkheid wereldwijd en toename van grote groepen arbeidsmigranten
die slecht betaald worden. De nieuwe digitale communicatie zal leiden tot
de wereld als één wereldstad
(Saskia Sassen) of een wereldwijd stedennetwerk (Peter. J Taylor).


Niet iedereen is het met Davis eens en er is veel discussie over wat de
impact is van dingen als oorlog, medische en technologische ontwikkeling,
ziektes etc op urbanisatie. Daarnaast vindt Davis dat family planning nodig
is om steden duurzaam te houden, maar de vraag is of overheden dat
(zouden moeten) doen, veel doen dit namelijk niet. Veel landen hebben te
maken met een bevolkingsafname en overwegen zelfs om het krijgen van
kinderen te stimuleren.

Kingsley Davis: verstedelijking wordt veroorzaakt door
migratie van het platteland naar de stad, niet door
andere mogelijke factoren zoals differentiële geboorte
en sterfte. 3 fasen:
1. Verstedelijking neemt langzaam toe
2. Snelle verstedelijking als gevolg van de industriële
revolutie
3. Verstedelijking vlakt af omdat het gebied bijna
volledig verstedelijkt is


3

, De curve is voor ieder land anders.

- Engeland eerst: veel kapitaal, landbouwsuplus, industriele revolutie,
daardoor zo snel verstedelijkt. De vraag naar grondbezit en woning
nam toe in Engelse steden. Mensen met geld investeerde in de stad.
De mensen die in de stad wonen, weinig tot geen geld hadden,
werder verdrongen (gentri).
- Duitsland en Frankrijk minder privegeld, maar daar heeft de
overheid geïnvesteerd. Dit is het grootste verschil met Engeland. Dit
maakt ook dat zij daarom pas later gingen ontwikkelen.
- Rusland deed helemaal niet mee. De Tsaar veroorzaakte dit. Hij hield
de mensen juist op het platteland en wilde weinig innovatie.




4

Table of contents

  1. 01 Part 1 3
    1. 1. Davis – The urbanisation of Human Population 3
    2. 2. Childe – The Urban Revolution 5
    3. 3. Pirenne – “city origins” and “cities and European Civilization” 7
    4. 4. Engels – The Great Towns 8
    5. 5. Taylor – Global City Network 10
    6. 6. Stout – The automobile, the city and the new urban mobilities 11
  2. 02 Part 2 12
    1. 8. Mumford – The Urban Drama 12
    2. 9. Wirth – Urbanism as a way of life 14
    3. 10. Anderson – The code of the street and Decent street families 15
    4. 11. Putnam – Bowling alone: America’s decline of social capital 17
    5. 12. Florida – the city as innovation machine 19
    6. 13. Zukin – City that lost its soul 20
  3. 03 Part 3: 21
    1. Platesection 2: social and symbolic use of urban space 21
    2. James Wilson and George Kelling – Broken Windows 21
    3. 14. Burgess – The growth of a city: an introduction to a research project 22
    4. 15. Jane Jacobs – Uses of sidewalks: safety 23
    5. 16. Daphne Spain – Gender and urban space 26
    6. 17. Madanipour – Social exclusion, space and time 28
    7. 18. Bruegmann – Causes of urban Sprawl 29
    8. 19. Castells – Space of flows, spaces of places: materials for a theory of urbanism in the information age 30
  4. 04 Part 4 31
    1. Introduction 31
    2. 20. Harvey – The right to the city 32
    3. 21. Arnstein – Ladder of citizen participation 33
    4. 22. Stone – Reflections on regime politics: form governing coalition to urban political order 34
    5. 23. Porter – The competitive advantage of the inner city 36
  5. 05 Part 5 38
    1. Introduction 38
    2. 24. Olmsted – Public Parks and enlargement of towns 39
    3. 25. Howard – Authors introduction and The town-country magnet 40
    4. 26. Le corbusier – A contemporary city 42
    5. 27. Wright – Broadacre city: a new community plan 44
    6. 28. World commission on environment and development – towards a sustainable development 46
    7. 29. Congress for new urbanism – the charter of the new urbanism 47
  6. 06 Part 6 49
    1. 30. Hall – The city of theory 49
    2. 31. Friedmann – The uses of planning theory 50
    3. 32. Forester – Planning in the face of conflict 51
    4. 33. Batty – The Smart city 53
  7. 07 Part 7 54
    1. 34. Project for public spaces – what is placemaking? 54
    2. 35. Whyte – the design of spaces 56
    3. 36. Perry - The neighbourhood unit 59
    4. 37. Lynch – The city image and its elements 61
    5. 38. Allan Jacobs & Donals Appleyard - Toward an urban design manifesto 62
    6. 39. Jan Gehl – Selections form life between buildings 64
  8. 08 Part 8 65
    1. 40. Saskia Sassen – The impact of the new technologies and globalization on cities 65
    2. 41. Dough Sanders – The place where everything changes 67
    3. 42. Peter Calthorpe – Selections form Urbanism in the age of climate change 68
    4. 43. Jennifer Robinson – World cities, or a world of ordinary cities? 69
    5. 44. Niel Brenner & Roger Keil – from global cites to globalized urbanization 70

Connected book
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Unknown The City Reader
Publisher: Unknown ISBN: 9780367204792 Edition: 7

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