CSD 5325 Final Exam With
Complete Solutions
what format should a goal be written in - ANSWER ABCD format
what does ABCD format for goals stand for - ANSWER A- Audience
B- Behavior
C- Condition
D- Degree
what information needs to be in a long term goal - ANSWER - what measures will be
used
- the criterion for those measures
what type of goal should be to summarize what needs to be achieved before a child and
his or her family can be discharged from an intervention service - ANSWER long term
goal
what type of goal should describe specific behaviors or skills being targeted that are
needed to achieve the long term goal - ANSWER short term goals
what type of goal should specify the behaviors, skills, or knowledge to be taught through
intervention procedures within tasks during intervention sessions - ANSWER session
goals/ subgoals
what is the process by which desired change in a behavior in an intervention context
facilitates change in the same behavior and/or different but related behaviors in
non-intervention contexts - ANSWER generalization
stimulus generalization - ANSWER when a trained behavior is elicited with different
stimuli
response generalization - ANSWER when a targeted speech skill shows an improvement
in related contexts (e.g. untreated word positions, conversational speech) and/or in
related but untreated behaviors
physical stimulus - ANSWER targeted behavior is evoked with materials not used in
intervention
Verbal Stimulus - ANSWER targeted behaviors is evoked with questions or comments
not used in intervention
,setting stimulus - ANSWER targeted behaviors is evoked in a place or location different
to intervention location
audience stimulus - ANSWER targeted behavior is evoked with a person not involved in
intervention
what are two different target selection frameworks? - ANSWER traditional and
nontraditional
who goes with traditional developmental approach for target selection - ANSWER
Rvachew and Nowak
who goes with the complexity approach for target selection - ANSWER Geirut
who goes with the cyclical approach for target selection - ANSWER Hodson
who goes with the systemic approach for target selection - ANSWER Williams
who goes with nonlinear approach for target selection - ANSWER Bernhardt and
Stemberger
who goes with Neuro network approach for target selection - ANSWER Norris and
Hoffman
what are the four selections factors for the traditional and nontraditional approach -
ANSWER - stimulability
- developmental norms
- consistency
- knowledge
targeting what type of sounds provides greater generalization of the sound to other
contexts - ANSWER Early developing
targeting what type of sounds provides greater generalization to other sounds and
sound classes - ANSWER later developing
traditional developmental intervention focuses on - ANSWER - children should not be
discouraged or frustrated by the intervention process
- the acquisition of earlier developing sounds and syllable/word shapes serves as a
prerequisite for the acquisition of later developing sounds and syllabe/word shapes
complexity approach focuses on: - ANSWER - complex targets for a child with
phonological impairment
- non stimulable speech sounds
- phonetically more complex segments or true consonant clusters
, - targets associated with least productive phonological knowledge for an individual child
(and therefore consistently in error)
- relatively more marked targets
- relatively later developing
cycles approach focuses on - ANSWER - targets for a child with phonological
impairment
- on aspect for phonological remediation approach for treating severe to profound
phonological impairment in children
- targets are sorted into primary, secondary and advanced target patterns
Sibilants are appropriate targets for preschoolers only if ______ is lacking but not for
lisps - ANSWER stridency
Systemic or functional approach focuses on - ANSWER - the function of sounds within
children's phonological systems as opposed to the characteristics of individual sounds
- targets are identified from the child's largest collapse of contrast
- specific consonants and consonant clusters within a collapse of contrast must reflect
maximal classification and maximal distinction
maximally classified - ANSWER the targets selected are different manner classes,
different places of production, and vary with respect to voiced- voiceless
maximally distinct - ANSWER targets selected are different in terms of voice, place,
manner and linguistic unit (singleton versus consonant cluster)
what type of target selection intervention address
- segmental tier (speech segments)
- prosodic tier (syllable shapes, stress patterns, word lengths)
- interactions between tiers - ANSWER nonlinear targets for a child with phonological
impairment
nonlinear targets for a child with phonological impairment (the four goal types) -
ANSWER 1. new word and phrase structures including a) phrasal stress and intonation
b) word lengths and c) word stress patterns
2. new segments
3. new combinations of existing features to create new segments
4. new sequences of structures and segments
Complete Solutions
what format should a goal be written in - ANSWER ABCD format
what does ABCD format for goals stand for - ANSWER A- Audience
B- Behavior
C- Condition
D- Degree
what information needs to be in a long term goal - ANSWER - what measures will be
used
- the criterion for those measures
what type of goal should be to summarize what needs to be achieved before a child and
his or her family can be discharged from an intervention service - ANSWER long term
goal
what type of goal should describe specific behaviors or skills being targeted that are
needed to achieve the long term goal - ANSWER short term goals
what type of goal should specify the behaviors, skills, or knowledge to be taught through
intervention procedures within tasks during intervention sessions - ANSWER session
goals/ subgoals
what is the process by which desired change in a behavior in an intervention context
facilitates change in the same behavior and/or different but related behaviors in
non-intervention contexts - ANSWER generalization
stimulus generalization - ANSWER when a trained behavior is elicited with different
stimuli
response generalization - ANSWER when a targeted speech skill shows an improvement
in related contexts (e.g. untreated word positions, conversational speech) and/or in
related but untreated behaviors
physical stimulus - ANSWER targeted behavior is evoked with materials not used in
intervention
Verbal Stimulus - ANSWER targeted behaviors is evoked with questions or comments
not used in intervention
,setting stimulus - ANSWER targeted behaviors is evoked in a place or location different
to intervention location
audience stimulus - ANSWER targeted behavior is evoked with a person not involved in
intervention
what are two different target selection frameworks? - ANSWER traditional and
nontraditional
who goes with traditional developmental approach for target selection - ANSWER
Rvachew and Nowak
who goes with the complexity approach for target selection - ANSWER Geirut
who goes with the cyclical approach for target selection - ANSWER Hodson
who goes with the systemic approach for target selection - ANSWER Williams
who goes with nonlinear approach for target selection - ANSWER Bernhardt and
Stemberger
who goes with Neuro network approach for target selection - ANSWER Norris and
Hoffman
what are the four selections factors for the traditional and nontraditional approach -
ANSWER - stimulability
- developmental norms
- consistency
- knowledge
targeting what type of sounds provides greater generalization of the sound to other
contexts - ANSWER Early developing
targeting what type of sounds provides greater generalization to other sounds and
sound classes - ANSWER later developing
traditional developmental intervention focuses on - ANSWER - children should not be
discouraged or frustrated by the intervention process
- the acquisition of earlier developing sounds and syllable/word shapes serves as a
prerequisite for the acquisition of later developing sounds and syllabe/word shapes
complexity approach focuses on: - ANSWER - complex targets for a child with
phonological impairment
- non stimulable speech sounds
- phonetically more complex segments or true consonant clusters
, - targets associated with least productive phonological knowledge for an individual child
(and therefore consistently in error)
- relatively more marked targets
- relatively later developing
cycles approach focuses on - ANSWER - targets for a child with phonological
impairment
- on aspect for phonological remediation approach for treating severe to profound
phonological impairment in children
- targets are sorted into primary, secondary and advanced target patterns
Sibilants are appropriate targets for preschoolers only if ______ is lacking but not for
lisps - ANSWER stridency
Systemic or functional approach focuses on - ANSWER - the function of sounds within
children's phonological systems as opposed to the characteristics of individual sounds
- targets are identified from the child's largest collapse of contrast
- specific consonants and consonant clusters within a collapse of contrast must reflect
maximal classification and maximal distinction
maximally classified - ANSWER the targets selected are different manner classes,
different places of production, and vary with respect to voiced- voiceless
maximally distinct - ANSWER targets selected are different in terms of voice, place,
manner and linguistic unit (singleton versus consonant cluster)
what type of target selection intervention address
- segmental tier (speech segments)
- prosodic tier (syllable shapes, stress patterns, word lengths)
- interactions between tiers - ANSWER nonlinear targets for a child with phonological
impairment
nonlinear targets for a child with phonological impairment (the four goal types) -
ANSWER 1. new word and phrase structures including a) phrasal stress and intonation
b) word lengths and c) word stress patterns
2. new segments
3. new combinations of existing features to create new segments
4. new sequences of structures and segments
