NSC 830 Advanced Pharmacology questions and
answers with solutions 2025
Narrow Specturm - ANSWER Treat limited # of organisms, Less likely to disrupt normal flora,
organism identified.
Broad Specturm - ANSWER Treats multiple organisms, more likely to disrupt normal flora,
causative agent unknown.
Why would you select abx? - ANSWER Is antimicrobial therapy indicated, make a clinical
diagnosis, collection of specimens for a cx or lab test, make microbial diagnosis, select drug.
Extended spectrum - ANSWER treats multiple organisms, more likely to disrupt normal flora,
used when causative organism is unknown.
Gram positive - ANSWER Purple, thick layer
Example of gram positive - ANSWER Group A beta-strep
Strep PNA
Gram negative - ANSWER Red or pink, thin layer
Example of gram negative - ANSWER H. influenza
N. Gonoccocus
Atypical Organism - ANSWER colorless, no layer
,Example of Atypical organism - ANSWER Macrolides- erythromycins
True or False: Atypical bacteria are resistent to becta-lactum abx - ANSWER True
Risk factors for Drug Resistant Strep PNA (DRSP) - ANSWER Recent abx use
Older >65
Multiple Comorbidtities ( COPD, DM, HF, renal failure)
Daycare worker
Alcoholism
Immunosuppressed (including chronic steroid use >10 mg/day long term).
Treatment for Drug Resistant Strep PNA - ANSWER High dose amoxicillin 3-4g/day
Respiratory fluoroquinolones: moxifloxican, gemifloxican, levofloxacin.
Tehlithromycin: use limited due to hepatoxicity
Factors to determine when selecting an abx... - ANSWER Allergy history (PCN- risk of cross
allergy with cephalosporins)
Age- (Renal function- neonates and elderly)
Pregnancy
Immunocompromised status
Affordability
Taste and convenience
What are 2 abx contraindicated in pregnancy? - ANSWER tetracyclines
fluoroquinolone
, Do immunocompromised patients get bactericidal or baceriostiatic? - ANSWER Bactericidals
What are bactericidals? - ANSWER Kills bacteria
What are bacteriostatic? - ANSWER Restrains production of bacteria. The patient needs a good
immune system.
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) - ANSWER Min. amount of abx used to inhibit growth
of bacteria. Abx usually dosed 2-4 times MIC
Teaching the patient to ..... - ANSWER Take ALL of medication
May need back up birth control and for 7 days after.
Report signs of allergic reaction (SOA, Wheezing, rash)
General side effects of abx - ANSWER Hypersensitivity: (allergic reaction-rash, itching, LBP,
wheezing, SOA).
Diarrhea: make sure to report blood, mucous
Superinfection: Due to disruption of normal flora (oral thrush, yeast infection)
True or False: Is extended care more likely to cause diarrhea? - ANSWER True
Examples of Beta-Lactam Abx? - ANSWER PCN & Cephalosporins
What do Beta-Lactam abx have on them? - ANSWER A ring- that works by disrupting the
biosynthesis of the cell wall.
Intact ring is essential for antibacterial activity? True or False - ANSWER True
answers with solutions 2025
Narrow Specturm - ANSWER Treat limited # of organisms, Less likely to disrupt normal flora,
organism identified.
Broad Specturm - ANSWER Treats multiple organisms, more likely to disrupt normal flora,
causative agent unknown.
Why would you select abx? - ANSWER Is antimicrobial therapy indicated, make a clinical
diagnosis, collection of specimens for a cx or lab test, make microbial diagnosis, select drug.
Extended spectrum - ANSWER treats multiple organisms, more likely to disrupt normal flora,
used when causative organism is unknown.
Gram positive - ANSWER Purple, thick layer
Example of gram positive - ANSWER Group A beta-strep
Strep PNA
Gram negative - ANSWER Red or pink, thin layer
Example of gram negative - ANSWER H. influenza
N. Gonoccocus
Atypical Organism - ANSWER colorless, no layer
,Example of Atypical organism - ANSWER Macrolides- erythromycins
True or False: Atypical bacteria are resistent to becta-lactum abx - ANSWER True
Risk factors for Drug Resistant Strep PNA (DRSP) - ANSWER Recent abx use
Older >65
Multiple Comorbidtities ( COPD, DM, HF, renal failure)
Daycare worker
Alcoholism
Immunosuppressed (including chronic steroid use >10 mg/day long term).
Treatment for Drug Resistant Strep PNA - ANSWER High dose amoxicillin 3-4g/day
Respiratory fluoroquinolones: moxifloxican, gemifloxican, levofloxacin.
Tehlithromycin: use limited due to hepatoxicity
Factors to determine when selecting an abx... - ANSWER Allergy history (PCN- risk of cross
allergy with cephalosporins)
Age- (Renal function- neonates and elderly)
Pregnancy
Immunocompromised status
Affordability
Taste and convenience
What are 2 abx contraindicated in pregnancy? - ANSWER tetracyclines
fluoroquinolone
, Do immunocompromised patients get bactericidal or baceriostiatic? - ANSWER Bactericidals
What are bactericidals? - ANSWER Kills bacteria
What are bacteriostatic? - ANSWER Restrains production of bacteria. The patient needs a good
immune system.
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) - ANSWER Min. amount of abx used to inhibit growth
of bacteria. Abx usually dosed 2-4 times MIC
Teaching the patient to ..... - ANSWER Take ALL of medication
May need back up birth control and for 7 days after.
Report signs of allergic reaction (SOA, Wheezing, rash)
General side effects of abx - ANSWER Hypersensitivity: (allergic reaction-rash, itching, LBP,
wheezing, SOA).
Diarrhea: make sure to report blood, mucous
Superinfection: Due to disruption of normal flora (oral thrush, yeast infection)
True or False: Is extended care more likely to cause diarrhea? - ANSWER True
Examples of Beta-Lactam Abx? - ANSWER PCN & Cephalosporins
What do Beta-Lactam abx have on them? - ANSWER A ring- that works by disrupting the
biosynthesis of the cell wall.
Intact ring is essential for antibacterial activity? True or False - ANSWER True
