TESTBANKFORSTAHL'SESSENTIALPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY:
NEUROSCIENTIFICBASISANDPRACTICALAPPLICATIONS4THEDITION
Stahl'sEssentialPsychopharmacology ,p ,p
NeuroscientificBasisandPracticalApplications TESTBANK/STUDYGUIDE ,p ,p ,p ,p ,p ,p
Chapter1Chemicalneurotransmission
MULTIPLECHOICE
1. Apatientwithdepressionmentionstothenurse,Mymothersaysdepressionisa
,p ,p ,p
f#chemicaldisorder.Whatdoesshemean?Thenursesresponseisbasedonthe ,p
f #theorythatdepressionprimarilyinvolveswhichofthefollowing
neurotransmitters?
f#
a. CortisolandGABA
b. COMTandglutamate ,p
c. Monamineandglycine
d. Serotoninandnorepinephrine
ANS:D
Onepossiblecauseofdepressionisthoughttoinvolveoneormore
f #neurotransmitters.Serotoninandnorepinephrinehavebeenfoundtobeimportantin ,p ,p
theregulationofdepression.Thereisnoresearchtosupportthattheotheroptionsplay
f# ,p ,p ,p f #
f #asignificantroleinthedevelopmentofdepression.
2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that
hasresultedindamagetotheBrocaarea.Whichevaluationdoesthenurseconductto
f# ,p ,p f #
f #reinforcethisdiagnosis?
a. Observingthepatientpickupaspoon ,p ,p
b. Askingthepatient torecitethealphabet ,p ,p
c. Monitoringthepatientsbloodpressure ,p ,p ,p
d. Comparingthepatientsgripstrengthinbothhands ,p ,p
ANS:B
Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to
f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f#
speak (i.e.,motoraphasia). Fine motorskills, bloodpressure control, and
f# f# f# f# f# f# f#
musclestrength are notcontrolledbytheBrocaareaoftheleftfrontallobe.
f# f# f#
3. Thepatientdiagnosedwithschizophreniaaskswhypsychotropicmedicationsare
,p
alwaysprescribedbythedoctor.Thenursesanswerwillbebasedon
f# ,p
f #informationthatthetherapeuticactionofpsychotropicdrugsistheresultoftheir
,p ,p
f#effecton:
a. Thetemporallobe;especiallyWernickesarea
b. Dendritesandtheirabilitytotransmitelectricalimpulses ,p ,p
c. Theregulationofneurotransmittersespeciallydopamine
,p
d. Theperipheralnervoussystemsensitivitytothepsychotropicmedications
,ANS:C
Medicationsusedtotreatpsychiatricdisordersoperateinandaroundthesynaptic
f #cleftandhaveactionattheneurotransmitterlevel,especiallyinthecaseof
f #schizophrenia,ondopamine.TheWernickesarea,dendritefunction,orthesensitivity
f #oftheperipheralnervoussystemarenotrelevanttoeitherschizophreniaorpsychotropic
,p ,p
f#medications.
4. Astudentnursemuttersthatitseemsentirelyunnecessarytohavetostruggle
,p ,p ,p
withunderstandingtheanatomyand physiologyoftheneurologicsystem.The
f# ,p
f #mentorwouldbasearesponseontheunderstandingthatitis:
Necessarybutgenerallyforpsychiatricnurseswhofocusprimarilyonbehavioral
,p ,p
a. interventions
f#
Acomplexundertakingthatadvancepracticepsychiatricnursesfrequentlyusein
,p
b. theirpractice
f#
Importantprimarilyforthenursingassessmentofpatientswithbraintraumacaused
c. cognitivesymptoms
f#
Necessaryforplanningpsychiatriccareforallpatientsespecially
d. thoseexperiencingpsychiatricdisorders
f#
ANS:D
Nursesmust understandthatmanysymptomsofpsychiatricdisordershavea
,p
f #neurologicbasis,althoughthesymptomsaremanifestedbehaviorally.This
f#understandingfacilitateseffectivecareplanning.Thefoundationofknowledgeis
f#notusedexclusivelybyadvancedpracticepsychiatricnursesnorisit relevant foronly ,p ,p
f #behaviortherapiesorbraintraumasincedealingwiththeresultsofnormaland ,p f#
f#abnormalbrainfunctionisaresponsibilityofallnursesprovidingalltypesofcaretothe
,p
f#psychiatricpatient.
5. Apatientasksthenurse,Mywifehasbreast cancer.Coulditbecausedby
,p ,p ,p ,p
herchronicdepression?Whichresponseissupportedbyresearchdata?
f#
a. Toomuchstresshasbeenproventocauseallkindsofcancer. ,p
b. Therehavebeennoresearchstudiesdoneonstressanddiseaseyet.
,p ,p ,p ,p
c. Stressdoescausethereleaseoffactorsthatsuppresstheimmunesystem.
,p ,p ,p
d. Thereappearstobelittleconnectionbetweenstressanddiseasesofthebody ,p ,p
ANS:C
Researchindicatesthatstresscausesareleaseofcorticotropin-releasingfactorsthat
,p
suppresstheimmunesystem.Studiesindicatethatpsychiatricdisorderssuchas
f # ,p ,p
mooddisordersaresometimesassociatedwith decreasedfunctioningoftheimmune
f# ,p
system.Researchdoesnotsupportaconnectionbetweenmanycancersandstress.
f # ,p
Thereisasignificantamountofresearchaboutstressandthebody. ,p
Researchhasshownthattherearesomeconnectionsbetweenstressandphysicaldisease.
f # ,p ,p ,p
,6. Apatientwhohasaparietallobeinjuryisbeingevaluatedforpsychiatric
f #rehabilitationneeds.Oftheaspectsoffunctioninglisted,whichwillthenurs ,p ,p ,p ,p
e identifyasafocusofnursingintervention?
f#
a. Expressionofemotion
b. Detectingauditorystimuli
c. Receivingvisualimages ,p
d. Processingassociations ,p
ANS:D
Theparietallobeisresponsibleforassociatingandprocessingsensoryinformationthat
allowsforfunctionssuchasfollowingdirectionsonamap,readingaclock,dressing
f# ,p f #
f #self,keepingappointments,anddistinguishingrightfromleft.Emotionalexpressionis
f #associatedwithfrontallobefunction.Detectingauditorystimuliisatemporallobe
f #function.Receivingvisualimagesisrelatedtooccipitallobefunction.
7. Atadmission,thenurselearnsthatsometimeagothepatienthadaninfarctin
,p ,p ,p ,p ,p
f#therightcerebralcortex.Duringassessment,thenursewouldexpecttofindthatthe
f# patient:
f#
a. Demonstratesmajordeficienciesinspeech ,p
b. Isunabletoeffectivelyholdaspooninthelefthand ,p
c. Hasdifficultyexplaininghowtogoaboutusingthetelephone
,p ,p ,p
d. Cannotusehisrighthandtoshavehimselforcombhisownhair
,p ,p
ANS:B
Thecerebralhemispheresareresponsibleforfunctionssuchascontrolofmuscles.The ,p ,p
f#righthemispheremainlycontrolsthemotorandsensoryfunctionsontheleftsideofthe
,p ,p f #
f #body.Damagetotherightsidewouldresultinimpairedfunctionontheleftsideofthe ,p ,p f #
f #body.Themotorcortexcontrolsvoluntarymotoractivity.Brocasareacontrolsmotor
f # speech.Cognitivefunctionsareattributedtotheassociationcortex.
Therightsideofthebodysmotoractivityiscontrolledbytheleftcerebralcortex.
,p ,p ,p
8. Apatientwithchronicschizophreniahadastrokeinvolvingthehippocampus.
f #Thepatientwillbedischargedonlowdosesofhaloperidol.Thenursewillneedto
f#individualizethepatientsmedicationteachingby:
a. Includingthepatientscaregiverintheeducation
,p ,p
b. Beingcarefultostresstheimportanceoftakingthemedicationasprescribed
Providingtheeducationatatimewhenthepatientisemotionallycalmandrelaxed
,p ,p ,p
c.
Encouragingthepatienttocrushordissolvethemedicationtohelpwithswallowing
,p
d.
ANS:A
, Thehippocampusplaysamajorroleinshort-termmemoryand,hence,inlearning. f#
f#Takingthemedicationasprescribedandproviding theeducationata timewhenthe
,p ,p ,p
f #patientiscalmandrelaxedisinformationorconsiderationsthatallpatientsshould
,p ,p ,p
f#begiven.Themedicationdoesnotnecessarilyneedtobecrushedordissolvedsincethe ,p ,p f #
f #strokewouldnothavecauseddifficultywithswallowing. ,p
9. Thephysiciantellsthenurse,ThemedicationImprescribingforthepatient
f #enhancestheg-aminobutyricacid(GABA)system.Whichpatient behavior ,p ,p
willprovideevidencethat themedicationtherapyissuccessful?
f# ,p
a. Thepatientisactivelyinvolvedinplayingcardswithotherpatients. ,p ,p ,p
b. Thepatient reportsthat,IdontfeelasanxiousasIdida coupleofdaysago.
,p ,p ,p ,p
c. Thepatientreportsthatbothauditoryandvisualhallucinationshavedecreased. , ,p
d. Thepatientsaysthat,IammuchhappierthanbeforeIcametothehospital. ,p ,p ,p
ANS:B
GABAistheprincipleinhibitoryneurotransmitter.Themedicationshouldprovide
,p
anantianxietyeffect.Alertness,psychoticbehaviors,andmoodelevationarenotgenerally
f#
f #affectedbyg-aminobutyricacid.
10. The patients family asks whether a diagnosis of Parkinsons disease
f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f#
creates anincreased risk for any mental health issues. What question would
f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f#
the nurse ask toassessforsuchacomorbidcondition?
f# f# f# f#
a. Hasyourfatherexhibitedanysignsofdepression?
,p
b. Doesyourfatherseemtoexperiencemoodswings?
,p ,p
c. Haveyounoticedyourfathertalkingaboutseeingthingsyoucantsee? ,p ,p ,p ,p
d. Isyourdadpreoccupiedwithbehaviorsthatheneedstorepeatoverandover? ,p ,p
ANS:A
Serotoninanditsclosechemicalrelatives,dopamineandnorepinephrine,arethe
neurotransmittersthataremostwidelyinvolvedinvariousformsofdepression.
f# ,p
Mostresearchersagreethattheimmediatecauseofparkinsonismisadeficiencyof
f #
f #dopamineandsoapatientwithParkinsonsdiseaseshouldbemonitoredfor
f #depression,Theothermentalhealthdisorders(bipolardisorder,hallucinations,and
obsessivecompulsivedisorder)havenotbeenconnectedtoParkinsonsdisease.
f #
11. Whichexplanationfortheprescriptionofdonepezil(Aricept)wouldthe
,p
nurseprovideforapatientintheearlystageofAlzheimersdisease?
f#
a. ItwillincreasethemetabolismofexcessGABA.
,p ,p
b. Excessdopaminewillbepreventedfromattachingtoreceptorsites.
,p ,p ,p
c. Serotonindeficiencywillbemanagedthroughaprolongedreuptakeperiod. ,p ,p ,p
d. Theacetylcholinedeficiencywillbemanaged byinhibitingcholinesterase.
,p #f
ANS:D
NEUROSCIENTIFICBASISANDPRACTICALAPPLICATIONS4THEDITION
Stahl'sEssentialPsychopharmacology ,p ,p
NeuroscientificBasisandPracticalApplications TESTBANK/STUDYGUIDE ,p ,p ,p ,p ,p ,p
Chapter1Chemicalneurotransmission
MULTIPLECHOICE
1. Apatientwithdepressionmentionstothenurse,Mymothersaysdepressionisa
,p ,p ,p
f#chemicaldisorder.Whatdoesshemean?Thenursesresponseisbasedonthe ,p
f #theorythatdepressionprimarilyinvolveswhichofthefollowing
neurotransmitters?
f#
a. CortisolandGABA
b. COMTandglutamate ,p
c. Monamineandglycine
d. Serotoninandnorepinephrine
ANS:D
Onepossiblecauseofdepressionisthoughttoinvolveoneormore
f #neurotransmitters.Serotoninandnorepinephrinehavebeenfoundtobeimportantin ,p ,p
theregulationofdepression.Thereisnoresearchtosupportthattheotheroptionsplay
f# ,p ,p ,p f #
f #asignificantroleinthedevelopmentofdepression.
2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that
hasresultedindamagetotheBrocaarea.Whichevaluationdoesthenurseconductto
f# ,p ,p f #
f #reinforcethisdiagnosis?
a. Observingthepatientpickupaspoon ,p ,p
b. Askingthepatient torecitethealphabet ,p ,p
c. Monitoringthepatientsbloodpressure ,p ,p ,p
d. Comparingthepatientsgripstrengthinbothhands ,p ,p
ANS:B
Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to
f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f#
speak (i.e.,motoraphasia). Fine motorskills, bloodpressure control, and
f# f# f# f# f# f# f#
musclestrength are notcontrolledbytheBrocaareaoftheleftfrontallobe.
f# f# f#
3. Thepatientdiagnosedwithschizophreniaaskswhypsychotropicmedicationsare
,p
alwaysprescribedbythedoctor.Thenursesanswerwillbebasedon
f# ,p
f #informationthatthetherapeuticactionofpsychotropicdrugsistheresultoftheir
,p ,p
f#effecton:
a. Thetemporallobe;especiallyWernickesarea
b. Dendritesandtheirabilitytotransmitelectricalimpulses ,p ,p
c. Theregulationofneurotransmittersespeciallydopamine
,p
d. Theperipheralnervoussystemsensitivitytothepsychotropicmedications
,ANS:C
Medicationsusedtotreatpsychiatricdisordersoperateinandaroundthesynaptic
f #cleftandhaveactionattheneurotransmitterlevel,especiallyinthecaseof
f #schizophrenia,ondopamine.TheWernickesarea,dendritefunction,orthesensitivity
f #oftheperipheralnervoussystemarenotrelevanttoeitherschizophreniaorpsychotropic
,p ,p
f#medications.
4. Astudentnursemuttersthatitseemsentirelyunnecessarytohavetostruggle
,p ,p ,p
withunderstandingtheanatomyand physiologyoftheneurologicsystem.The
f# ,p
f #mentorwouldbasearesponseontheunderstandingthatitis:
Necessarybutgenerallyforpsychiatricnurseswhofocusprimarilyonbehavioral
,p ,p
a. interventions
f#
Acomplexundertakingthatadvancepracticepsychiatricnursesfrequentlyusein
,p
b. theirpractice
f#
Importantprimarilyforthenursingassessmentofpatientswithbraintraumacaused
c. cognitivesymptoms
f#
Necessaryforplanningpsychiatriccareforallpatientsespecially
d. thoseexperiencingpsychiatricdisorders
f#
ANS:D
Nursesmust understandthatmanysymptomsofpsychiatricdisordershavea
,p
f #neurologicbasis,althoughthesymptomsaremanifestedbehaviorally.This
f#understandingfacilitateseffectivecareplanning.Thefoundationofknowledgeis
f#notusedexclusivelybyadvancedpracticepsychiatricnursesnorisit relevant foronly ,p ,p
f #behaviortherapiesorbraintraumasincedealingwiththeresultsofnormaland ,p f#
f#abnormalbrainfunctionisaresponsibilityofallnursesprovidingalltypesofcaretothe
,p
f#psychiatricpatient.
5. Apatientasksthenurse,Mywifehasbreast cancer.Coulditbecausedby
,p ,p ,p ,p
herchronicdepression?Whichresponseissupportedbyresearchdata?
f#
a. Toomuchstresshasbeenproventocauseallkindsofcancer. ,p
b. Therehavebeennoresearchstudiesdoneonstressanddiseaseyet.
,p ,p ,p ,p
c. Stressdoescausethereleaseoffactorsthatsuppresstheimmunesystem.
,p ,p ,p
d. Thereappearstobelittleconnectionbetweenstressanddiseasesofthebody ,p ,p
ANS:C
Researchindicatesthatstresscausesareleaseofcorticotropin-releasingfactorsthat
,p
suppresstheimmunesystem.Studiesindicatethatpsychiatricdisorderssuchas
f # ,p ,p
mooddisordersaresometimesassociatedwith decreasedfunctioningoftheimmune
f# ,p
system.Researchdoesnotsupportaconnectionbetweenmanycancersandstress.
f # ,p
Thereisasignificantamountofresearchaboutstressandthebody. ,p
Researchhasshownthattherearesomeconnectionsbetweenstressandphysicaldisease.
f # ,p ,p ,p
,6. Apatientwhohasaparietallobeinjuryisbeingevaluatedforpsychiatric
f #rehabilitationneeds.Oftheaspectsoffunctioninglisted,whichwillthenurs ,p ,p ,p ,p
e identifyasafocusofnursingintervention?
f#
a. Expressionofemotion
b. Detectingauditorystimuli
c. Receivingvisualimages ,p
d. Processingassociations ,p
ANS:D
Theparietallobeisresponsibleforassociatingandprocessingsensoryinformationthat
allowsforfunctionssuchasfollowingdirectionsonamap,readingaclock,dressing
f# ,p f #
f #self,keepingappointments,anddistinguishingrightfromleft.Emotionalexpressionis
f #associatedwithfrontallobefunction.Detectingauditorystimuliisatemporallobe
f #function.Receivingvisualimagesisrelatedtooccipitallobefunction.
7. Atadmission,thenurselearnsthatsometimeagothepatienthadaninfarctin
,p ,p ,p ,p ,p
f#therightcerebralcortex.Duringassessment,thenursewouldexpecttofindthatthe
f# patient:
f#
a. Demonstratesmajordeficienciesinspeech ,p
b. Isunabletoeffectivelyholdaspooninthelefthand ,p
c. Hasdifficultyexplaininghowtogoaboutusingthetelephone
,p ,p ,p
d. Cannotusehisrighthandtoshavehimselforcombhisownhair
,p ,p
ANS:B
Thecerebralhemispheresareresponsibleforfunctionssuchascontrolofmuscles.The ,p ,p
f#righthemispheremainlycontrolsthemotorandsensoryfunctionsontheleftsideofthe
,p ,p f #
f #body.Damagetotherightsidewouldresultinimpairedfunctionontheleftsideofthe ,p ,p f #
f #body.Themotorcortexcontrolsvoluntarymotoractivity.Brocasareacontrolsmotor
f # speech.Cognitivefunctionsareattributedtotheassociationcortex.
Therightsideofthebodysmotoractivityiscontrolledbytheleftcerebralcortex.
,p ,p ,p
8. Apatientwithchronicschizophreniahadastrokeinvolvingthehippocampus.
f #Thepatientwillbedischargedonlowdosesofhaloperidol.Thenursewillneedto
f#individualizethepatientsmedicationteachingby:
a. Includingthepatientscaregiverintheeducation
,p ,p
b. Beingcarefultostresstheimportanceoftakingthemedicationasprescribed
Providingtheeducationatatimewhenthepatientisemotionallycalmandrelaxed
,p ,p ,p
c.
Encouragingthepatienttocrushordissolvethemedicationtohelpwithswallowing
,p
d.
ANS:A
, Thehippocampusplaysamajorroleinshort-termmemoryand,hence,inlearning. f#
f#Takingthemedicationasprescribedandproviding theeducationata timewhenthe
,p ,p ,p
f #patientiscalmandrelaxedisinformationorconsiderationsthatallpatientsshould
,p ,p ,p
f#begiven.Themedicationdoesnotnecessarilyneedtobecrushedordissolvedsincethe ,p ,p f #
f #strokewouldnothavecauseddifficultywithswallowing. ,p
9. Thephysiciantellsthenurse,ThemedicationImprescribingforthepatient
f #enhancestheg-aminobutyricacid(GABA)system.Whichpatient behavior ,p ,p
willprovideevidencethat themedicationtherapyissuccessful?
f# ,p
a. Thepatientisactivelyinvolvedinplayingcardswithotherpatients. ,p ,p ,p
b. Thepatient reportsthat,IdontfeelasanxiousasIdida coupleofdaysago.
,p ,p ,p ,p
c. Thepatientreportsthatbothauditoryandvisualhallucinationshavedecreased. , ,p
d. Thepatientsaysthat,IammuchhappierthanbeforeIcametothehospital. ,p ,p ,p
ANS:B
GABAistheprincipleinhibitoryneurotransmitter.Themedicationshouldprovide
,p
anantianxietyeffect.Alertness,psychoticbehaviors,andmoodelevationarenotgenerally
f#
f #affectedbyg-aminobutyricacid.
10. The patients family asks whether a diagnosis of Parkinsons disease
f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f#
creates anincreased risk for any mental health issues. What question would
f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f# f#
the nurse ask toassessforsuchacomorbidcondition?
f# f# f# f#
a. Hasyourfatherexhibitedanysignsofdepression?
,p
b. Doesyourfatherseemtoexperiencemoodswings?
,p ,p
c. Haveyounoticedyourfathertalkingaboutseeingthingsyoucantsee? ,p ,p ,p ,p
d. Isyourdadpreoccupiedwithbehaviorsthatheneedstorepeatoverandover? ,p ,p
ANS:A
Serotoninanditsclosechemicalrelatives,dopamineandnorepinephrine,arethe
neurotransmittersthataremostwidelyinvolvedinvariousformsofdepression.
f# ,p
Mostresearchersagreethattheimmediatecauseofparkinsonismisadeficiencyof
f #
f #dopamineandsoapatientwithParkinsonsdiseaseshouldbemonitoredfor
f #depression,Theothermentalhealthdisorders(bipolardisorder,hallucinations,and
obsessivecompulsivedisorder)havenotbeenconnectedtoParkinsonsdisease.
f #
11. Whichexplanationfortheprescriptionofdonepezil(Aricept)wouldthe
,p
nurseprovideforapatientintheearlystageofAlzheimersdisease?
f#
a. ItwillincreasethemetabolismofexcessGABA.
,p ,p
b. Excessdopaminewillbepreventedfromattachingtoreceptorsites.
,p ,p ,p
c. Serotonindeficiencywillbemanagedthroughaprolongedreuptakeperiod. ,p ,p ,p
d. Theacetylcholinedeficiencywillbemanaged byinhibitingcholinesterase.
,p #f
ANS:D
