ISTM 209 Exam 1 (Ch 1-3) Questions and
Answers
Fact - correct answer-✅Confirmation or validation of an EVENT or OBJECT
Information Age - correct answer-✅Time when INFINITE quantities of FACTS are widely available to
ANYONE with a COMPUTER
What are the CORE DRIVERS of the information age? - correct answer-✅1. Data
2. Information
3. Business Intelligence
4. Knowledge
Data - correct answer-✅RAW FACTS that describe the characteristics of an event or object
Examples of DATA - correct answer-✅1. Order date
2. Amount Sold
3. Customer number
4. Quantity ordered
Internet of Things (IoT) - correct answer-✅world where interconnected Internet-enabled devices or
"things" have the ability to COLLECT and SHARE data WITHOUT human intervention
Machine to Machine (M2M) - correct answer-✅DEVICES that CONNECT directly to OTHER DEVICES
Structured Data - correct answer-✅defined LENGTH, TYPE, and FORMAT and includes NUMBERS, DATES,
or STRINGS such as Customer Address
(Accounts for 20% of data)
Unstructured Data - correct answer-✅Not defined and does not follow a specified format.
(Accounts for 80% of data)
Machine-generated data - correct answer-✅created by a machine without human intervention
Examples of Machine-generated STRUCTURED data - correct answer-✅1. sensor data
2. point-of-sale data
3. web log data
Examples of Machine-generated UNSTRUCTURED data - correct answer-✅1. Satellite images
2. Scientific atmosphere data
3. Radar data
Human-generated data - correct answer-✅data that humans, in interaction with computers, generate
Examples of Human-generated STRUCTURED data - correct answer-✅1. Input data
2. Click-stream data
3. Gaming data
Examples of Human-generated UNSTRUCTURED data - correct answer-✅1. Text messages
2. Social media data
3. Emails
Big data - correct answer-✅a collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and
unstructured data, which CANNOT be ANALYZED using TRADITIONAL database METHODS and tools
Snapshot - correct answer-✅a view of data at a particular moment in time
Information - correct answer-✅Data CONVERTED into a MEANINGFUL and USEFUL context
Examples of INFORMATION - correct answer-✅1. Best selling product
2. Best customers
3. Worst selling product
4. Worst Customer
Report - correct answer-✅a document containing DATA ORGANIZED in a table, matrix, or graphical
format allowing users to easily comprehend and understand information.
, Static report - correct answer-✅a report CREATED ONCE based on data that DOES NOT CHANGE.
(Examples: sales report from last year or salary report from 5 years ago)
Dynamic report - correct answer-✅CHANGES AUTOMATICALLY during creation.
(Examples: daily stock market prices or circulation of available inventory)
Variable - correct answer-✅a DATA CHARACTERISTIC that stands for a VALUE that CHANGES or VARIES
OVER TIME
Business Intelligence (BI) - correct answer-✅INFORMATION collected from MULTIPLE SOURCES such as
suppliers, customers, competitors, partners, and industries that analyzes patterns, trends, and
relationships FOR STRATEGIC DECISION MAKING
Examples of BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - correct answer-✅1. Lowest sales per week compared with
economic interest rates
2. Best-selling product by month compared to sports season and city team wins and losses
Analytics - correct answer-✅the science of fact-based decision making.
Business Analytics - correct answer-✅the scientific process of transforming DATA into INSIGHT for
making BETTER DECISIONS.
Descriptive analytics - correct answer-✅uses techniques that describe PAST performance and HISTORY.
(Example: creating a report that includes charts and graphs explaining data)
Predictive analytics - correct answer-✅uses techniques that extract information from data and use it to
PREDICT FUTURE trends and identify BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS.
(Example: using past sales data to predict future sales)
Prescriptive analytics - correct answer-✅uses techniques that create MODELS indicating the BEST
DECISION to make or COURSE OF ACTION to take.
(Example: airline using past purchasing data as inputs into a model that recommends the best pricing
strategy across all flights allowing the company to maximize revenue)
Knowledge - correct answer-✅Skills, experience, and expertise coupled with information and
intelligence that creates a person's intellectual resources.
Examples of KNOWLEDGE - correct answer-✅1. Choosing not to fire a sales representative who is under
performing knowing that person is experiencing family problems
2. Listing products that are about to expire first on the menu or creating them as a daily special to move
the product.
Knowledge workers - correct answer-✅individuals valued for their ability to INTERPRET and ANALYZE
information
Knowledge assets - correct answer-✅HUMAN, STRUCTURAL, and RECORDED RESOURCES available to
the organization.
Intellectual capital - correct answer-✅another term for KNOWLEDGE ASSETS
Knowledge facilitators - correct answer-✅1. Help HARNESS the WEALTH of KNOWLEDGE in the
organization.
2. Help ACQUIRE and CATALOG the KNOWLEDGE ASSETS
Transforming DATA into KNOWLEDGE example - correct answer-✅1. DATA: "I have one item"
2. INFORMATION: "The item is a product which has the most sales in the month of December
3. BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: "The month of December is going t see interest rates rise by 10% and snow
storms are expected to cause problems throughout the East coast"
Answers
Fact - correct answer-✅Confirmation or validation of an EVENT or OBJECT
Information Age - correct answer-✅Time when INFINITE quantities of FACTS are widely available to
ANYONE with a COMPUTER
What are the CORE DRIVERS of the information age? - correct answer-✅1. Data
2. Information
3. Business Intelligence
4. Knowledge
Data - correct answer-✅RAW FACTS that describe the characteristics of an event or object
Examples of DATA - correct answer-✅1. Order date
2. Amount Sold
3. Customer number
4. Quantity ordered
Internet of Things (IoT) - correct answer-✅world where interconnected Internet-enabled devices or
"things" have the ability to COLLECT and SHARE data WITHOUT human intervention
Machine to Machine (M2M) - correct answer-✅DEVICES that CONNECT directly to OTHER DEVICES
Structured Data - correct answer-✅defined LENGTH, TYPE, and FORMAT and includes NUMBERS, DATES,
or STRINGS such as Customer Address
(Accounts for 20% of data)
Unstructured Data - correct answer-✅Not defined and does not follow a specified format.
(Accounts for 80% of data)
Machine-generated data - correct answer-✅created by a machine without human intervention
Examples of Machine-generated STRUCTURED data - correct answer-✅1. sensor data
2. point-of-sale data
3. web log data
Examples of Machine-generated UNSTRUCTURED data - correct answer-✅1. Satellite images
2. Scientific atmosphere data
3. Radar data
Human-generated data - correct answer-✅data that humans, in interaction with computers, generate
Examples of Human-generated STRUCTURED data - correct answer-✅1. Input data
2. Click-stream data
3. Gaming data
Examples of Human-generated UNSTRUCTURED data - correct answer-✅1. Text messages
2. Social media data
3. Emails
Big data - correct answer-✅a collection of large, complex data sets, including structured and
unstructured data, which CANNOT be ANALYZED using TRADITIONAL database METHODS and tools
Snapshot - correct answer-✅a view of data at a particular moment in time
Information - correct answer-✅Data CONVERTED into a MEANINGFUL and USEFUL context
Examples of INFORMATION - correct answer-✅1. Best selling product
2. Best customers
3. Worst selling product
4. Worst Customer
Report - correct answer-✅a document containing DATA ORGANIZED in a table, matrix, or graphical
format allowing users to easily comprehend and understand information.
, Static report - correct answer-✅a report CREATED ONCE based on data that DOES NOT CHANGE.
(Examples: sales report from last year or salary report from 5 years ago)
Dynamic report - correct answer-✅CHANGES AUTOMATICALLY during creation.
(Examples: daily stock market prices or circulation of available inventory)
Variable - correct answer-✅a DATA CHARACTERISTIC that stands for a VALUE that CHANGES or VARIES
OVER TIME
Business Intelligence (BI) - correct answer-✅INFORMATION collected from MULTIPLE SOURCES such as
suppliers, customers, competitors, partners, and industries that analyzes patterns, trends, and
relationships FOR STRATEGIC DECISION MAKING
Examples of BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - correct answer-✅1. Lowest sales per week compared with
economic interest rates
2. Best-selling product by month compared to sports season and city team wins and losses
Analytics - correct answer-✅the science of fact-based decision making.
Business Analytics - correct answer-✅the scientific process of transforming DATA into INSIGHT for
making BETTER DECISIONS.
Descriptive analytics - correct answer-✅uses techniques that describe PAST performance and HISTORY.
(Example: creating a report that includes charts and graphs explaining data)
Predictive analytics - correct answer-✅uses techniques that extract information from data and use it to
PREDICT FUTURE trends and identify BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS.
(Example: using past sales data to predict future sales)
Prescriptive analytics - correct answer-✅uses techniques that create MODELS indicating the BEST
DECISION to make or COURSE OF ACTION to take.
(Example: airline using past purchasing data as inputs into a model that recommends the best pricing
strategy across all flights allowing the company to maximize revenue)
Knowledge - correct answer-✅Skills, experience, and expertise coupled with information and
intelligence that creates a person's intellectual resources.
Examples of KNOWLEDGE - correct answer-✅1. Choosing not to fire a sales representative who is under
performing knowing that person is experiencing family problems
2. Listing products that are about to expire first on the menu or creating them as a daily special to move
the product.
Knowledge workers - correct answer-✅individuals valued for their ability to INTERPRET and ANALYZE
information
Knowledge assets - correct answer-✅HUMAN, STRUCTURAL, and RECORDED RESOURCES available to
the organization.
Intellectual capital - correct answer-✅another term for KNOWLEDGE ASSETS
Knowledge facilitators - correct answer-✅1. Help HARNESS the WEALTH of KNOWLEDGE in the
organization.
2. Help ACQUIRE and CATALOG the KNOWLEDGE ASSETS
Transforming DATA into KNOWLEDGE example - correct answer-✅1. DATA: "I have one item"
2. INFORMATION: "The item is a product which has the most sales in the month of December
3. BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: "The month of December is going t see interest rates rise by 10% and snow
storms are expected to cause problems throughout the East coast"
