podiatric surgery exam 1

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1.[...], [...] & [...] are soft tissue release methods that are utilized to treat di
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gital deformities. name them & describe what the goal of each is.: extensor
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tenotomy: reduces MPJ contracture
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flexor tenotomy: reduces IPJ contracture
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extensor hood release: reduces MPJ contracture
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2.when performing surgical operations on ones digits (i.e. toe fusions),
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we make incisions [...] & we do not go [...]. why?: make incisions dors sz sz sz sz sz sz sz sz sz sz sz
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aspect of the toe ; we do not go medial-lateral (or close to plantar)
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this is to avoid damage to arterial circulation & other neurovascular str
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ctures
3.innervation of the foot review sz sz sz sz




a majority of the dorsum of the foot is innervateterm-
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316d by the [...]. the dor-
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sum overlying the lateral two digits is innervated by the [...]. the 1st interdi
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gital space is innervated by the [...]. the distal aspect of the medial 3 1/2
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digits is innervated by the [...] & the distal aspect of the lateral 1 1/2 digits
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is innervated by the [...].: majority of dorsum: superficial peroneal n.
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dorsum overlying lateral digits: lateral dorsal cutan
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eous n. 1st interdigital space: deep peroneal n.
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distal aspect of med. 3 1/2: medial plantar n.
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distal aspect of lat. 1 1/2: lateral plantar n.
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4.you perform an operation to fix a patient's hallux valgus. they state that t
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hey are satisfied with the results of the procedure but are concerned that
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zthey cannot feel anything between their 1st & 2nd digits. which nerve wa
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s likely damaged during surgery?: deep peroneal n.
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5.metatarsal heads have a [concave/ sz sz sz sz

convex] surface that is covered with [...]. they have a groove [dorsally/
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plantarly] for [...] tendons. there is also a groove present that serves for [..
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.]. we are also to remember that they have tubercles, which serve
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what fu
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nction?: convex ; covered with articular cartila
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plantarly for flexor tendons ; another groove that serves forment
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tubercles serve for attachment of collateral ligaments & metatarsogleno
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d suspen- sory ligaments
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6.all digits of the foot are composed of three bones except the 5th , in som
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toe cases. this is due to [...], which is defined as [...]. what is anot e at that
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her cave are to remember regarding this digit in regard to surger we s ; jo
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y?: synostosi of middle & distal phalanges
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this is the most common digit operated on for hammertoe surgery
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7.what is the relationship between the distal phalanges of th igits & th
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e d nail?: distal phalanges support the germinal matrices o e
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f the overlyin
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8.distal interphalangeal joints (DIPs) are classified as [...] joints. they [do/
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do not] have a large range of motion. they are able to perform [...]° of dorsi
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flexion & [...]° of plantarflexion.: ginglymus joints ; do not have
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large RO sz sz sz sz sz sz sz sz sz sz sz

M; sz si,
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this is useful for when the heel is elevated off the ground ; the toes cont
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act, allowing for stability of the foot
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9.what is the plantar plate, what are its functions & what does it in
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sert on?: fibrocartilaginous continuation of the plantar fascia
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functions
stabilizes lesser MPJ's plantarly sz sz sz


absorbs compressive load of weight bearing (provides cushion)
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insertion
inserts distally on the base of proximal phalanx
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10.what is the main stabilizing force of the MP
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J?

sz can see this being a question: plantar plate
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"this is the main stabilizer of the proximal phalanx at the MPJ"
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this is important, particularly when assessing the 2nd digit at the MPJ ;
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if the 2nd digit is dorsiflexing, we have to check if the plantar plate is
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attenuated (stretched) or ruptured sz sz sz



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11.the plantar plate is composed of [...] & is therefore described as a [...]
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extension of plantar fascia. because it is composed of this, it [will/
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will not] spontaneously heal. it is typically [...] mm long & [...] thick. we c
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an make a diagnosis of attenuation most effectively via [...]. typically, a tea
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r starts on the
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