HESI PN MED SURG EXIT EXAM / MED
SURG HESI PN LATEST EXAM 2024-2025
ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK 100
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
During a clinic visit, a client reports to the practical nurse (PN) that they felt a solid mass in their
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
breast during self-examination, but it was not painful. What instruction should the PN reinforce
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
with the client?
NH NH NH
A. Continue to monitor the mass until the next scheduled annual exam.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
B. Notify the PCP if the mass becomes soft or painful or starts to drain.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
C. Schedule an appointment with the PCP for evaluation
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
D. Breast masses are usually insignificant if they feel soft or are easily moveable. - Correct Answer
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
- c. Schedule an appointment with the health care provider for evaluation.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
A painless breast mass is an abnormal finding, and the PN should instruct the client to obtain
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
prompt medical evaluation.
NH NH NH
The health care provider informed a client diagnosed with stage 4 liver cancer that the cancer has
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
spread to their spine. The client states to the practical nurse, "I have a cancer, but it is not
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
malignant." What is the best initial nursing action?
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
A. Encourage the client to attend a cancer education program
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
B. Perform a complete history and physical assessment
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
C. Ask the client to explain his understanding of the term malignancy.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
D. Offer the client emotional support to deal with the diagnosis
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
,Submit - Correct Answer - c. Ask the client to explain his understanding of the term malignancy.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
The best initial action is to assess the client's knowledge of the term malignancy when used to
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
describe cancer. The client appears to have inaccurate knowledge. Stage 4 cancer means the
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
cancer has spread (metastasized) from where it has started to another body part.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
A client diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Which intervention should the practical nurse implement to
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
help relieve joint pain and stiffness?
NH NH NH NH NH NH
a. Encourage the client to perform weight-bearing exercises.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
b. Teach the client how to perform range-of-motion exercises.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
c. Explain the use of ice and massage for pain relief.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
d. Instruct the client to take an analgesic before walking daily - Correct Answer - d. Instruct the
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
client to take an analgesic before walking daily.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
Adequate pain management is important for the success of an exercise program. Keeping the joints
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
active decreases pain, so taking an analgesic and walking daily is likely to help decrease joint pain
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
and stiffness.
NH NH
A client diagnosed with prostate cancer is prescribed radioactive seed implantation (brachytherapy).
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
What is the most important nursing action for the practical nurse (PN) to do?
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
a. Follow radiation exposure precautions
NH NH NH NH
b. Encourage regular meals
NH NH NH
c. Collect all urine in sealed containers
NH NH NH NH NH NH
d. Avoid touching the client. - Correct Answer - a. Follow radiation exposure precautions.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
Clients being treated for prostate cancer with brachytherapy (radioactive seeds implant) should be
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
placed on radiation exposure precautions. The PN needs to follow the institution's protocols put in
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
place regarding the amount of time and distance needed to prevent excessive exposure that would
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
pose a hazard to others.
NH NH NH NH NH
,A client diagnosed with emphysema that is oxygen-dependent lives alone at home and manages
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
self-care with no difficulty. Which finding should prompt the home health practical nurse to consult
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
the registered nurse case manager?
NH NH NH NH NH
a. A pulse oximetry reading of 91% on oxygen at 2 L/m
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
b. A weight loss of 5 pounds since the last monthly home visit
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
c. The client reports feeling as tired as at the last visit by the nurse
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
d. Upon entering the home, the PN noticed dirty dishes and clothing scattered around the home. -
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
Correct Answer - b. A weight loss of 5 pounds since the last monthly home visit
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
A weight loss of 5 pounds in 1 month is a concern. Clients with COPD need additional calorie intake
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
because they are using up a lot from the energy they are using to breath. The practical nurse
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
needs to consult with the registered nurse case manager for a nutrition consult
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
The nurse has reinforced instructions to a client with diabetes mellitus on how to self-monitor for
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse realizes the instructions have been effective if
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
the client can list which symptoms? (Select all that apply.)
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
a. Fruity breath odor
NH NH NH
b. Rapid, weak pulse
NH NH NH
c. Cold, clammy skin
NH NH NH
d. Extreme thirst
NH NH
e. Urinary frequency
NH NH
f. Protruding eyeballs - Correct Answer - a. Fruity breath odor
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
b. Rapid, weak pulse
NH NH NH
d. Extreme thirst
NH NH
e. Urinary frequency
NH NH
, Diabetic ketoacidosis is caused by a profound deficiency of insulin. Some common characteristics
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
include a sweet, fruity breath odor, a rapid weak pulse, extreme thirst, urinary frequency, and
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
sunken-appearing eyeballs.
NH NH
A client mentions using garlic daily as an herb to lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Which
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
nursing action is a priority?
NH NH NH NH NH
a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
b. Instruct the client that garlic tends to cause hypertension.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
c. This may relieve fever in the same way that acetaminophen does.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
d. Remind the patient to use tooth brushing and mouthwash to prevent garlic odor. - Correct
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
Answer - a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
Garlic inhibits platelet aggregation in the same way that aspirin works, and the client should be
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
monitored for bleeding. Garlic can lower the blood pressure, not raise it. It does not relieve fever.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
While the client will likely want to avoid garlic odor, it is not a priority.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing the health histories of assigned clients. Which factors have a
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
potential for development of throat cancer? (Select all that apply.)
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
a. Tobacco use
NH NH
b. Excessive intake of alcohol
NH NH NH NH
c. Intake of hot and spicy foods
NH NH NH NH NH NH
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
NH NH NH
e. Lack of exercise
NH NH NH
f. Lack of dietary fiber - Correct Answer - a. Tobacco use
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
b. Excessive intake of alcohol
NH NH NH NH
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
NH NH NH
Rationale:
SURG HESI PN LATEST EXAM 2024-2025
ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK 100
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS
During a clinic visit, a client reports to the practical nurse (PN) that they felt a solid mass in their
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
breast during self-examination, but it was not painful. What instruction should the PN reinforce
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
with the client?
NH NH NH
A. Continue to monitor the mass until the next scheduled annual exam.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
B. Notify the PCP if the mass becomes soft or painful or starts to drain.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
C. Schedule an appointment with the PCP for evaluation
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
D. Breast masses are usually insignificant if they feel soft or are easily moveable. - Correct Answer
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
- c. Schedule an appointment with the health care provider for evaluation.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
A painless breast mass is an abnormal finding, and the PN should instruct the client to obtain
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
prompt medical evaluation.
NH NH NH
The health care provider informed a client diagnosed with stage 4 liver cancer that the cancer has
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
spread to their spine. The client states to the practical nurse, "I have a cancer, but it is not
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
malignant." What is the best initial nursing action?
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
A. Encourage the client to attend a cancer education program
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
B. Perform a complete history and physical assessment
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
C. Ask the client to explain his understanding of the term malignancy.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
D. Offer the client emotional support to deal with the diagnosis
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
,Submit - Correct Answer - c. Ask the client to explain his understanding of the term malignancy.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
The best initial action is to assess the client's knowledge of the term malignancy when used to
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
describe cancer. The client appears to have inaccurate knowledge. Stage 4 cancer means the
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
cancer has spread (metastasized) from where it has started to another body part.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
A client diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Which intervention should the practical nurse implement to
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
help relieve joint pain and stiffness?
NH NH NH NH NH NH
a. Encourage the client to perform weight-bearing exercises.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
b. Teach the client how to perform range-of-motion exercises.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
c. Explain the use of ice and massage for pain relief.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
d. Instruct the client to take an analgesic before walking daily - Correct Answer - d. Instruct the
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
client to take an analgesic before walking daily.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
Adequate pain management is important for the success of an exercise program. Keeping the joints
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
active decreases pain, so taking an analgesic and walking daily is likely to help decrease joint pain
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
and stiffness.
NH NH
A client diagnosed with prostate cancer is prescribed radioactive seed implantation (brachytherapy).
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
What is the most important nursing action for the practical nurse (PN) to do?
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
a. Follow radiation exposure precautions
NH NH NH NH
b. Encourage regular meals
NH NH NH
c. Collect all urine in sealed containers
NH NH NH NH NH NH
d. Avoid touching the client. - Correct Answer - a. Follow radiation exposure precautions.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
Clients being treated for prostate cancer with brachytherapy (radioactive seeds implant) should be
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
placed on radiation exposure precautions. The PN needs to follow the institution's protocols put in
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
place regarding the amount of time and distance needed to prevent excessive exposure that would
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
pose a hazard to others.
NH NH NH NH NH
,A client diagnosed with emphysema that is oxygen-dependent lives alone at home and manages
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
self-care with no difficulty. Which finding should prompt the home health practical nurse to consult
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
the registered nurse case manager?
NH NH NH NH NH
a. A pulse oximetry reading of 91% on oxygen at 2 L/m
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
b. A weight loss of 5 pounds since the last monthly home visit
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
c. The client reports feeling as tired as at the last visit by the nurse
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
d. Upon entering the home, the PN noticed dirty dishes and clothing scattered around the home. -
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
Correct Answer - b. A weight loss of 5 pounds since the last monthly home visit
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
A weight loss of 5 pounds in 1 month is a concern. Clients with COPD need additional calorie intake
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
because they are using up a lot from the energy they are using to breath. The practical nurse
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
needs to consult with the registered nurse case manager for a nutrition consult
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
The nurse has reinforced instructions to a client with diabetes mellitus on how to self-monitor for
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse realizes the instructions have been effective if
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
the client can list which symptoms? (Select all that apply.)
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
a. Fruity breath odor
NH NH NH
b. Rapid, weak pulse
NH NH NH
c. Cold, clammy skin
NH NH NH
d. Extreme thirst
NH NH
e. Urinary frequency
NH NH
f. Protruding eyeballs - Correct Answer - a. Fruity breath odor
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
b. Rapid, weak pulse
NH NH NH
d. Extreme thirst
NH NH
e. Urinary frequency
NH NH
, Diabetic ketoacidosis is caused by a profound deficiency of insulin. Some common characteristics
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
include a sweet, fruity breath odor, a rapid weak pulse, extreme thirst, urinary frequency, and
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
sunken-appearing eyeballs.
NH NH
A client mentions using garlic daily as an herb to lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Which
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
nursing action is a priority?
NH NH NH NH NH
a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
b. Instruct the client that garlic tends to cause hypertension.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
c. This may relieve fever in the same way that acetaminophen does.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
d. Remind the patient to use tooth brushing and mouthwash to prevent garlic odor. - Correct
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
Answer - a. Monitor the client for signs of bleeding.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
Garlic inhibits platelet aggregation in the same way that aspirin works, and the client should be
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
monitored for bleeding. Garlic can lower the blood pressure, not raise it. It does not relieve fever.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
While the client will likely want to avoid garlic odor, it is not a priority.
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing the health histories of assigned clients. Which factors have a
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
potential for development of throat cancer? (Select all that apply.)
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
a. Tobacco use
NH NH
b. Excessive intake of alcohol
NH NH NH NH
c. Intake of hot and spicy foods
NH NH NH NH NH NH
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
NH NH NH
e. Lack of exercise
NH NH NH
f. Lack of dietary fiber - Correct Answer - a. Tobacco use
NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH NH
b. Excessive intake of alcohol
NH NH NH NH
d. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
NH NH NH
Rationale:
