Week 1 NMNC 1110
Nursing Theory's Influence - ANS-Theory generates nursing knowledge for use n practice, thus
supporting evidence-based practice
Goal of Nursing Knowledge - ANS-To explain the practice of nursing as different and distinct
from the practice of medicine, psychology, and other health care disciplines
Types of Theories - ANS-MOST ABSTRACT (LESS RELATED TO PRACTICE)
Grand: broad in scope, provides structural framework but needs clarification (e.g., What is
nursing?)
Middle-range: limited in scope and less abstract, address a specific phenomenon and reflect
practice (e.g., Theory of comfort encourages nurses to meet patients' needs)
Practice: narrow in scope and focus, also known as situation-specific, bring theory to the
bedside (e.g., Pain management protocol for patient recovering from cardiac surgery)
Descriptive: Describe phenomena and identify circumstances (e.g., Theories of growth and
development process of an individual at various ages)
Prescriptive: address nursing interventions, guide practice change, and predict consequences
LEAST ABSTRACT (MORE PRACTICAl)
Florence Nightingale - ANS-• Environmental theory
• The first nursing theorist
• Grand theory
• Founded on belief that nursing could improve a patient's environment and facilitate recovery
and prevent complications.
• Key component in identifying nursing interventions to improve patient outcomes
Hildegard Peplau - ANS-• Interpersonal Theory
• Middle-range theory
, • Interpersonal relationships among nurse, patient, and patient's family
• Phases: reorientation, orientation, working, resolution
• Important for nurse-patient relationship
Dorothea Orem - ANS-• Grand Theory is woven from three middle-range theories
• Focused on patient's self-care needs
• Patient meets physical, psychological, sociological, and developmental needs.
Madeline Leninger - ANS-• Culture care theory
• Middle-range theory
• Theory of cultural care
diversity and universality
• Integrates patients' cultural traditions, values and beliefs into care plans
Dr. Patricia Benner - ANS-• Middle Range theory
• From Novice to Expert
Novice
Advanced Beginner
Competent
Proficient
Expert
Link Between Theory and Knowledge Development - ANS-• Nursing knowledge is theoretical
and experiential.
• The goals of theoretical knowledge are to stimulate thinking and create a broad understanding
of nursing science and practice.
• Experiential knowledge, or the "art" of nursing, is based on nurses' experiences in providing
care to patients.
Relationship Between Nursing Theory and Nursing Research - ANS-• Theory provides direction
for nursing research
• Nursing theory and nursing research build the knowledge base for nursing, which is then
applied to practice
Nursing Theory's Influence - ANS-Theory generates nursing knowledge for use n practice, thus
supporting evidence-based practice
Goal of Nursing Knowledge - ANS-To explain the practice of nursing as different and distinct
from the practice of medicine, psychology, and other health care disciplines
Types of Theories - ANS-MOST ABSTRACT (LESS RELATED TO PRACTICE)
Grand: broad in scope, provides structural framework but needs clarification (e.g., What is
nursing?)
Middle-range: limited in scope and less abstract, address a specific phenomenon and reflect
practice (e.g., Theory of comfort encourages nurses to meet patients' needs)
Practice: narrow in scope and focus, also known as situation-specific, bring theory to the
bedside (e.g., Pain management protocol for patient recovering from cardiac surgery)
Descriptive: Describe phenomena and identify circumstances (e.g., Theories of growth and
development process of an individual at various ages)
Prescriptive: address nursing interventions, guide practice change, and predict consequences
LEAST ABSTRACT (MORE PRACTICAl)
Florence Nightingale - ANS-• Environmental theory
• The first nursing theorist
• Grand theory
• Founded on belief that nursing could improve a patient's environment and facilitate recovery
and prevent complications.
• Key component in identifying nursing interventions to improve patient outcomes
Hildegard Peplau - ANS-• Interpersonal Theory
• Middle-range theory
, • Interpersonal relationships among nurse, patient, and patient's family
• Phases: reorientation, orientation, working, resolution
• Important for nurse-patient relationship
Dorothea Orem - ANS-• Grand Theory is woven from three middle-range theories
• Focused on patient's self-care needs
• Patient meets physical, psychological, sociological, and developmental needs.
Madeline Leninger - ANS-• Culture care theory
• Middle-range theory
• Theory of cultural care
diversity and universality
• Integrates patients' cultural traditions, values and beliefs into care plans
Dr. Patricia Benner - ANS-• Middle Range theory
• From Novice to Expert
Novice
Advanced Beginner
Competent
Proficient
Expert
Link Between Theory and Knowledge Development - ANS-• Nursing knowledge is theoretical
and experiential.
• The goals of theoretical knowledge are to stimulate thinking and create a broad understanding
of nursing science and practice.
• Experiential knowledge, or the "art" of nursing, is based on nurses' experiences in providing
care to patients.
Relationship Between Nursing Theory and Nursing Research - ANS-• Theory provides direction
for nursing research
• Nursing theory and nursing research build the knowledge base for nursing, which is then
applied to practice
