AAPD QE BOARD EXAM
What layer do neural crest cells develop from? - Answer- Ectoderm
At what embryonic age does the dental lamina begin to develop? - Answer- 6 weeks
What are the three components of the tooth bud? - Answer- Enamel Organ
Dental papilla
Dental sac
What are the three morphologic stages of a developing tooth bud? - Answer- Bud stage
Cap stage
Bell stage
During the bell stage invagination of the epithelium occurs, which layer is essential for enamel
production? - Answer- Stratum intermedium
Which cells does the stellate reticulum support and protect? - Answer- Ameloblasts
What do remnants of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath persist as? - Answer- Rests of Malassez
What is the origin of the dental papilla? - Answer- Neural crest cells
What does the dental papilla differentiate in to? - Answer- Dentin and primordium of pulp
What are enamel pearls? - Answer- Cells of epithelial root sheath that remain attached to dentin.
Differentiate into ameloblasts and produce enamel
What are the 7 steps (in order) of histophyisological differentiation of a tooth bud? - Answer-
Initiation
Proliferation
Histodifferentiation
Morphodifferentiation
Apposition
Mineralization
Maturation
During which stage of tooth development may problems that lead to anomalies of tooth number
occur? - Answer- Initiation
Which three stages of tooth development encompasses the bud, cap, early bell and late bell? -
Answer- Proliferation
Histodifferentiation
Morphodifferentiation
Disruptions of proliferation may result in what type of tooth anomalies? (4) - Answer- Size
Proportion
Numbers
,Twinning
Which stage of tooth development may lead to anomalies of the enamel, dentin, and cementum? -
Answer- Morphodifferentiation
What is the incidence of hyperdontia? Males vs females? - Answer- 0.3 - 3%
Males 2:1 females
Is hyperdontia more common in maxilla or mandible? More common in primary teeth or permanent
teeth? - Answer- Maxilla 90%
Permanent dentition 5x more common that primary
Which permanent teeth are most frequently missing? List in order from most to least common -
Answer- Third molars
Mandibular second pre molars
Maxillary lateral incisors
Maxillary second pre molars
Name 9 syndromes that may be associated with supernumerary teeth - Answer- Apert
Cleidocranial dysplasia
Gardner syndrome
Crouzon syndrome
Sturge Weber syndrome
Orofacialdigital Syndrome I
Hallermann-Strieff Syndrome - A
Cleft lip and palate
Down syndrome
Which syndrome is associated with shovel shaped incisors?
A. Sturge Weber Syndrome
B. Cleidocranial dysplasia
C. Apert syndrome
D. Hallermann Strieff Syndrome-A - Answer- C. Apert Syndrome
Narrow high palate
Cleft of soft palate
Delayed or ectopic eruption
Shovel shaped incisors
Hypoplastic midface
Which syndrome is associated with osteomas of the jaw?
A. Orofiaciodigital Syndrome I
B. Apert Syndrome
C. Crouzon Syndrome
D. Gardner Syndrome - Answer- D. Gardner Syndrome
Delayed eruption
Supernum teeth
, Osteomas of the jaw
Agensis of third molars is associated with agenesis of which permanent tooth? - Answer- Maxillary
lateral - either one or both
What is the inheritance pattern for non syndromic hypodontia? - Answer- Autosomal dominant
Which teeth (from most to least) commonly present as microdontia? - Answer- Lateral incisors
Second pre molars
Third molars
Which tooth anomaly is characterized by: abortive attempt by single tooth to divide; bifid crown
with single root and pulp chamber? - Answer- Gemination
Which tooth anomaly is characterized by: complete cleavage of single bud results in supernum
mirror image tooth? - Answer- Twinning
Which race is fusion of teeth most commonly seen? - Answer- Japenese (5%)
Which tooth anomaly is characterized by: dental union of 2 embryologically developing teeth two
separate pulp chambers; separate or fused canals appear as large bifid crown with one chamber;
dentin is always confluent? - Answer- Fusion
Which tooth anomaly is characterized by fusion after root formation is completed? What is a
common cause? - Answer- Concresence
Etiology: trauma
What class drug is chloral hydrate? - Answer- Non-barbituate
Sedative hypnotic
What is the dosing range for Chloral Hydrate? What is the max dose? - Answer- 25 - 50 mg/kg
(typically with CCHMC triple, dose at 15 - 25 mg/kg)
Max 100 mg
What is the other name for Meperidine? What dug class is Meperidine? - Answer- Demerol
Opiod, narcotic
What are the most common side effects of meperidine? - Answer- Hypotension
Respiratory depression
Emesis
Dizziness
Neurotoxic metabolite
What is the dosage (mg/kg) for meperidine? What is the max dose? - Answer- 0.5 - 2 mg/kg
Max: 50 mg
What layer do neural crest cells develop from? - Answer- Ectoderm
At what embryonic age does the dental lamina begin to develop? - Answer- 6 weeks
What are the three components of the tooth bud? - Answer- Enamel Organ
Dental papilla
Dental sac
What are the three morphologic stages of a developing tooth bud? - Answer- Bud stage
Cap stage
Bell stage
During the bell stage invagination of the epithelium occurs, which layer is essential for enamel
production? - Answer- Stratum intermedium
Which cells does the stellate reticulum support and protect? - Answer- Ameloblasts
What do remnants of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath persist as? - Answer- Rests of Malassez
What is the origin of the dental papilla? - Answer- Neural crest cells
What does the dental papilla differentiate in to? - Answer- Dentin and primordium of pulp
What are enamel pearls? - Answer- Cells of epithelial root sheath that remain attached to dentin.
Differentiate into ameloblasts and produce enamel
What are the 7 steps (in order) of histophyisological differentiation of a tooth bud? - Answer-
Initiation
Proliferation
Histodifferentiation
Morphodifferentiation
Apposition
Mineralization
Maturation
During which stage of tooth development may problems that lead to anomalies of tooth number
occur? - Answer- Initiation
Which three stages of tooth development encompasses the bud, cap, early bell and late bell? -
Answer- Proliferation
Histodifferentiation
Morphodifferentiation
Disruptions of proliferation may result in what type of tooth anomalies? (4) - Answer- Size
Proportion
Numbers
,Twinning
Which stage of tooth development may lead to anomalies of the enamel, dentin, and cementum? -
Answer- Morphodifferentiation
What is the incidence of hyperdontia? Males vs females? - Answer- 0.3 - 3%
Males 2:1 females
Is hyperdontia more common in maxilla or mandible? More common in primary teeth or permanent
teeth? - Answer- Maxilla 90%
Permanent dentition 5x more common that primary
Which permanent teeth are most frequently missing? List in order from most to least common -
Answer- Third molars
Mandibular second pre molars
Maxillary lateral incisors
Maxillary second pre molars
Name 9 syndromes that may be associated with supernumerary teeth - Answer- Apert
Cleidocranial dysplasia
Gardner syndrome
Crouzon syndrome
Sturge Weber syndrome
Orofacialdigital Syndrome I
Hallermann-Strieff Syndrome - A
Cleft lip and palate
Down syndrome
Which syndrome is associated with shovel shaped incisors?
A. Sturge Weber Syndrome
B. Cleidocranial dysplasia
C. Apert syndrome
D. Hallermann Strieff Syndrome-A - Answer- C. Apert Syndrome
Narrow high palate
Cleft of soft palate
Delayed or ectopic eruption
Shovel shaped incisors
Hypoplastic midface
Which syndrome is associated with osteomas of the jaw?
A. Orofiaciodigital Syndrome I
B. Apert Syndrome
C. Crouzon Syndrome
D. Gardner Syndrome - Answer- D. Gardner Syndrome
Delayed eruption
Supernum teeth
, Osteomas of the jaw
Agensis of third molars is associated with agenesis of which permanent tooth? - Answer- Maxillary
lateral - either one or both
What is the inheritance pattern for non syndromic hypodontia? - Answer- Autosomal dominant
Which teeth (from most to least) commonly present as microdontia? - Answer- Lateral incisors
Second pre molars
Third molars
Which tooth anomaly is characterized by: abortive attempt by single tooth to divide; bifid crown
with single root and pulp chamber? - Answer- Gemination
Which tooth anomaly is characterized by: complete cleavage of single bud results in supernum
mirror image tooth? - Answer- Twinning
Which race is fusion of teeth most commonly seen? - Answer- Japenese (5%)
Which tooth anomaly is characterized by: dental union of 2 embryologically developing teeth two
separate pulp chambers; separate or fused canals appear as large bifid crown with one chamber;
dentin is always confluent? - Answer- Fusion
Which tooth anomaly is characterized by fusion after root formation is completed? What is a
common cause? - Answer- Concresence
Etiology: trauma
What class drug is chloral hydrate? - Answer- Non-barbituate
Sedative hypnotic
What is the dosing range for Chloral Hydrate? What is the max dose? - Answer- 25 - 50 mg/kg
(typically with CCHMC triple, dose at 15 - 25 mg/kg)
Max 100 mg
What is the other name for Meperidine? What dug class is Meperidine? - Answer- Demerol
Opiod, narcotic
What are the most common side effects of meperidine? - Answer- Hypotension
Respiratory depression
Emesis
Dizziness
Neurotoxic metabolite
What is the dosage (mg/kg) for meperidine? What is the max dose? - Answer- 0.5 - 2 mg/kg
Max: 50 mg
