2025/2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔What is a process load? - ✔✔Any non-lighting, non-resident, non-space conditioning
use, such as elevators, common area cooking, commercial loads, snow-melt, etc.
✔✔DHW - ✔✔Domestic Hot Water
✔✔Name 4 methods how DHW is generated? - ✔✔Stand alone DHW heater, Space
heat boiler, Instantaneous, Heat Recovery.
✔✔PSIG - ✔✔Pounds Per Square Inch Gage
✔✔What are 5 types of heating systems? - ✔✔Forced Air Systems, Hydronic Systems,
Electric Resistance, Heat Pumps, Hybrid/Combination Systems.
✔✔What are the 3 requirements for combustion? - ✔✔Air (Oxygen), Fuel, Ignition
✔✔Burn Efficiency - ✔✔The ratio of Btu content of fuel vs. Btu's realized through
combustion.
✔✔Steady State Efficiency(SSE) - ✔✔This is the ratio of Btu input to useful or
recoverable heat. This is the heat extracted from the fuel and delivered to the heat
exchanger.
✔✔Thermal Efficiency - ✔✔The ratio of input Btu's to Btu's delivered for distribution.
Accounts for Stack, Jacket, and Convective losses.
✔✔AFUE - ✔✔Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency
✔✔What is Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency? - ✔✔It is a standardized rating
established by the DOE for heating appliances under 300,000 btu/hr. It accounts for
stack losses, jacket losses, pilot losses, and off cycle losses.
✔✔Distribution Efficiency - ✔✔Efficiency of the distribution system. It is the ratio of heat
in the air, water or steam that enters the distribution piping/ducting, to the heat delivered
to the space via terminal units (radiators, fin tube, etc).
✔✔What has the greatest conductive loss? - ✔✔Steam
✔✔Seasonal Efficiency - ✔✔Total delivered thermal output of heating system through
the course of a full heating season, divided by the total fuel input during that same
season.