ABEKA BIOLOGY EXAMINATION SHEET 2025/2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔haploid set - ✔✔a cell, such as a gamete, that has half the usual number of
chromosomes
✔✔herbivores - ✔✔organisms that feed primarily on plants
✔✔hypothesis - ✔✔a tentative, untested solution to a scientific problem
✔✔immunity - ✔✔the condition of being resistant to an infectious disease
✔✔introns - ✔✔sequences of noncoding DNA that are interspersed among the protein-
coding regions of a gene
✔✔invertebrate - ✔✔any animal without a backbone or notochord
✔✔large intestine - ✔✔eliminates digestive waste from the body
✔✔law of dominance - ✔✔states that dominant traits show up in the offspring even if a
gene for a different trait is also present
✔✔law of segregation - ✔✔states that alleles for each trait separate randomly during
the formation of gametes
✔✔linkage - ✔✔pairs of genes that do not obey the law of independent assortment
✔✔main groups of fish - ✔✔bony fish and cartilaginous fish
✔✔meiosis - ✔✔special type of cell division that results in cells with half the normal
number of chromosomes (such as gametes)
✔✔melatonin - ✔✔a hormone, produced by the pineal gland, that triggers the body to
prepare for sleep
✔✔mitochondrion - ✔✔sausage shaped organelle that is a "power plant"
✔✔mollusks - ✔✔a group of invertebrates characterized by a muscular foot, a visceral
hump, and a mantle
✔✔mollusks - ✔✔cephalopods, bivalves, gastropods
✔✔multiple allele - ✔✔a gene that has more than two different forms, such as the gene
for the human ABO blood group
, ✔✔mutation - ✔✔a "typographical error" in an organism's genetic information
✔✔nucleus - ✔✔large, usually spherical body near the center of the cell that serves as
the cell's master control center
✔✔Orthoptera - ✔✔order of insects that includes grasshoppers, crickets, mantises, and
roaches
✔✔osmosis - ✔✔the process of selective diffusion across a semipermeable membrane
✔✔perissodactyls - ✔✔odd-toed ungulates (such as horses and rhinos)
✔✔polygenic inheritance - ✔✔type of inheritance in which a single trait is controlled by
many different pairs of genes
✔✔pulmonary veins - ✔✔blood vessels that return blood from the lungs to the left
atrium of the heart
✔✔quadriceps femoris - ✔✔muscle group in the thigh that straightens the leg at the
knee
✔✔recombination - ✔✔process that allows genes on the same chromosome to be
inherited independently
✔✔replication - ✔✔the process by which DNA is copied
✔✔ribosome - ✔✔small structure that manufactures proteins
✔✔RNA - ✔✔messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA
✔✔segmented worms - ✔✔earthworms, sea worms, and leeches
✔✔snakes - ✔✔group of reptiles that have scales and lack legs and nictitating
membranes
✔✔stamen - ✔✔portion of the flower that produces pollen
✔✔swim bladder - ✔✔the organ that allows fish to adjust its buoyancy so that it can
remain stationary at a given depth
✔✔thorax - ✔✔one of the three body regions of an insect
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔haploid set - ✔✔a cell, such as a gamete, that has half the usual number of
chromosomes
✔✔herbivores - ✔✔organisms that feed primarily on plants
✔✔hypothesis - ✔✔a tentative, untested solution to a scientific problem
✔✔immunity - ✔✔the condition of being resistant to an infectious disease
✔✔introns - ✔✔sequences of noncoding DNA that are interspersed among the protein-
coding regions of a gene
✔✔invertebrate - ✔✔any animal without a backbone or notochord
✔✔large intestine - ✔✔eliminates digestive waste from the body
✔✔law of dominance - ✔✔states that dominant traits show up in the offspring even if a
gene for a different trait is also present
✔✔law of segregation - ✔✔states that alleles for each trait separate randomly during
the formation of gametes
✔✔linkage - ✔✔pairs of genes that do not obey the law of independent assortment
✔✔main groups of fish - ✔✔bony fish and cartilaginous fish
✔✔meiosis - ✔✔special type of cell division that results in cells with half the normal
number of chromosomes (such as gametes)
✔✔melatonin - ✔✔a hormone, produced by the pineal gland, that triggers the body to
prepare for sleep
✔✔mitochondrion - ✔✔sausage shaped organelle that is a "power plant"
✔✔mollusks - ✔✔a group of invertebrates characterized by a muscular foot, a visceral
hump, and a mantle
✔✔mollusks - ✔✔cephalopods, bivalves, gastropods
✔✔multiple allele - ✔✔a gene that has more than two different forms, such as the gene
for the human ABO blood group
, ✔✔mutation - ✔✔a "typographical error" in an organism's genetic information
✔✔nucleus - ✔✔large, usually spherical body near the center of the cell that serves as
the cell's master control center
✔✔Orthoptera - ✔✔order of insects that includes grasshoppers, crickets, mantises, and
roaches
✔✔osmosis - ✔✔the process of selective diffusion across a semipermeable membrane
✔✔perissodactyls - ✔✔odd-toed ungulates (such as horses and rhinos)
✔✔polygenic inheritance - ✔✔type of inheritance in which a single trait is controlled by
many different pairs of genes
✔✔pulmonary veins - ✔✔blood vessels that return blood from the lungs to the left
atrium of the heart
✔✔quadriceps femoris - ✔✔muscle group in the thigh that straightens the leg at the
knee
✔✔recombination - ✔✔process that allows genes on the same chromosome to be
inherited independently
✔✔replication - ✔✔the process by which DNA is copied
✔✔ribosome - ✔✔small structure that manufactures proteins
✔✔RNA - ✔✔messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA
✔✔segmented worms - ✔✔earthworms, sea worms, and leeches
✔✔snakes - ✔✔group of reptiles that have scales and lack legs and nictitating
membranes
✔✔stamen - ✔✔portion of the flower that produces pollen
✔✔swim bladder - ✔✔the organ that allows fish to adjust its buoyancy so that it can
remain stationary at a given depth
✔✔thorax - ✔✔one of the three body regions of an insect
