Bio 133 Exam 1 -Chapter 1-6 questions with correct answers

Bio 133 Exam 1 -Chapter 1-6 questions with
correct answers

gene - verified answers; segment of DNA that codes for production of a protein



allele - verified answers; a variant of a gene



DNA - verified answers; ATCG + double stranded



RNA - verified answers; AUCG + single stranded



chromosomes - verified answers; - long strand of DNA + proteins

- each has many genes

- humans have 46 chromosomes in all cells EXCEPT sex cells (23)

--> 23 from mom + 23 from dad



genome - verified answers; all genes in the cells of a particular species



genotype - verified answers; alleles an organism contains (ex: BB, Bb, bb)



phenotype - verified answers; the physical expression of the genotype (ex: BB= brown)



karyotype - verified answers; chart that displays chromosomes in size order

- able to determine sex + normalcy

, mendelian trait - verified answers; one gene causes a specific phenotype (single-gene trait)



multifactorial traits - verified answers; trait caused by more than one gene + the environment



genetic testing - verified answers; analysis of human DNA, RNA, proteins, chromosomes, or
metabolites



macromolecules - verified answers; 1. proteins

2. lipids

3. carbohydrates

4. nucleic acid



proteins - verified answers; - contain enzymes that speed up reactions

- provide structural support

- control gene expression

- prions = rogue proteins



carbohydrates - verified answers; - provide energy for cell metabolism

- provide structural support

- provide cell identity (important in immune response)



lipids - verified answers; - provide energy (dietary fats)

- main component of cell membranes

- many are hormones (chemical messengers)



nucleic acid - verified answers; - genetic material (DNA+RNA)