NSG 320 Exam 1 Topic 1-3 Questions With Complete
Solutions
2 different insulin regiments Correct Answers - Basal bolus
regimen: To mimic the pancreas, providing enough insulin to
ensure a steady glucose supply to maintain a basic metabolic
processes in the body
- Mealtime insulin: Provides additional insulin for glucose
absorption after meals
ABGs may be obtained to assess for: Correct Answers -
Hypoxemia (PaO2) less than 80 mm
- Hypercapnia (PaCO2) greater than 45
- Acidosis (pH) less than 7.35
Age-related changes regarding body fluids - NEURO Correct
Answers - Dehydration may cause reduced blood flow to the
brain which may result in confusion
Age-related changes regarding body fluids - RENAL Correct
Answers - Affect urine volume and concentration
- Urine output below 500 mL for any patient without kidney
disease is a concern
Age-related changes regarding body fluids - SKIN Correct
Answers - Lose skin elasticity and skin dryness from fluid loss
- Can indicate dehydration
- Assess color, moisture, turgot
Airborne precautions Correct Answers - Negative pressure
airflow
,- Mask or respiratory protection
- N95
An induration of 10 or more mm is considered positive for TB
for: Correct Answers - Foreign born
- HIV negative, but uses IV drugs
- Low income medically underserved
- Residents of long term care
- Person with medical conditions
- Children under age of 4
- Health care staff
An induration of 5 or more mm is considered positive for TB
for: Correct Answers - Hx of HIV
- Close contacts of person with infectious TB
- Person had abnormal chest xray
- Person who uses IV drugs and HIV status is unknown
Blood cultures are done for patients who: Correct Answers -
Have a high fever
- Have high risk of developing sepsis
- Seriously ill
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) Correct Answers - Small
amounts of sterile saline may be injection through the scope and
withdrawn, then examined for cells
Bronchoscopy Correct Answers - Procedure in which bronchi
are visualized through a fiberoptic tube
- May be used for diagnostic or treatment purposes
,- Can obtain biopsy specimens and assess changing results from
treatment
- After nasal pharynx and oral pharynx are anesthetized,
bronchoscope is coated with lidocaine and inserted through nose
and threaded down airways
Calcium Correct Answers - Functions closely related to
phosphorus and magnesium
- Maintains bone strength, activates enzymes for skeletal and
cardiac muscle contraction, controlling nerve impulse
transmission, and allowing blood clotting
- Parathyroid hormone may be released when more calcium is
needed
- When there is excess calcium, PTH secretion is inhibited and
thyroid gland secretes thyrocalcitonin
Calcium and phosphate Correct Answers - Always OPPOSITE
of each other
Calcium Channel Blockers Correct Answers - Diltiazem
(Cardizem)
- Used for HTN
- Works best for African Americans
Causes of hypercalcemia Correct Answers - Renal failure
- Dehydration
- Metastatic CA
- HCTZ
- Too much Ca intake
Causes of hyperkalemia Correct Answers - CKD
, - Acidosis
- Blood transfusions
Causes of hypernatremia Correct Answers - Dehydration
- Suction
- Drains
- Fever
- Burns
- Diarrhea
Causes of hypocalcemia Correct Answers - Renal failure
- Diuretics
- Infections
- ETOH
- Burns
- Bone cancer
- Pancreatitis
Causes of hypokalemia Correct Answers - N/V/D
- Fistulas
- NGT suction
- Diaphoresis
- Alkalosis
- Steroids
- Insulin
Causes of hypomagnesemia Correct Answers - ETOH
- Diarrhea
- Burns
- Renal failure
Solutions
2 different insulin regiments Correct Answers - Basal bolus
regimen: To mimic the pancreas, providing enough insulin to
ensure a steady glucose supply to maintain a basic metabolic
processes in the body
- Mealtime insulin: Provides additional insulin for glucose
absorption after meals
ABGs may be obtained to assess for: Correct Answers -
Hypoxemia (PaO2) less than 80 mm
- Hypercapnia (PaCO2) greater than 45
- Acidosis (pH) less than 7.35
Age-related changes regarding body fluids - NEURO Correct
Answers - Dehydration may cause reduced blood flow to the
brain which may result in confusion
Age-related changes regarding body fluids - RENAL Correct
Answers - Affect urine volume and concentration
- Urine output below 500 mL for any patient without kidney
disease is a concern
Age-related changes regarding body fluids - SKIN Correct
Answers - Lose skin elasticity and skin dryness from fluid loss
- Can indicate dehydration
- Assess color, moisture, turgot
Airborne precautions Correct Answers - Negative pressure
airflow
,- Mask or respiratory protection
- N95
An induration of 10 or more mm is considered positive for TB
for: Correct Answers - Foreign born
- HIV negative, but uses IV drugs
- Low income medically underserved
- Residents of long term care
- Person with medical conditions
- Children under age of 4
- Health care staff
An induration of 5 or more mm is considered positive for TB
for: Correct Answers - Hx of HIV
- Close contacts of person with infectious TB
- Person had abnormal chest xray
- Person who uses IV drugs and HIV status is unknown
Blood cultures are done for patients who: Correct Answers -
Have a high fever
- Have high risk of developing sepsis
- Seriously ill
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) Correct Answers - Small
amounts of sterile saline may be injection through the scope and
withdrawn, then examined for cells
Bronchoscopy Correct Answers - Procedure in which bronchi
are visualized through a fiberoptic tube
- May be used for diagnostic or treatment purposes
,- Can obtain biopsy specimens and assess changing results from
treatment
- After nasal pharynx and oral pharynx are anesthetized,
bronchoscope is coated with lidocaine and inserted through nose
and threaded down airways
Calcium Correct Answers - Functions closely related to
phosphorus and magnesium
- Maintains bone strength, activates enzymes for skeletal and
cardiac muscle contraction, controlling nerve impulse
transmission, and allowing blood clotting
- Parathyroid hormone may be released when more calcium is
needed
- When there is excess calcium, PTH secretion is inhibited and
thyroid gland secretes thyrocalcitonin
Calcium and phosphate Correct Answers - Always OPPOSITE
of each other
Calcium Channel Blockers Correct Answers - Diltiazem
(Cardizem)
- Used for HTN
- Works best for African Americans
Causes of hypercalcemia Correct Answers - Renal failure
- Dehydration
- Metastatic CA
- HCTZ
- Too much Ca intake
Causes of hyperkalemia Correct Answers - CKD
, - Acidosis
- Blood transfusions
Causes of hypernatremia Correct Answers - Dehydration
- Suction
- Drains
- Fever
- Burns
- Diarrhea
Causes of hypocalcemia Correct Answers - Renal failure
- Diuretics
- Infections
- ETOH
- Burns
- Bone cancer
- Pancreatitis
Causes of hypokalemia Correct Answers - N/V/D
- Fistulas
- NGT suction
- Diaphoresis
- Alkalosis
- Steroids
- Insulin
Causes of hypomagnesemia Correct Answers - ETOH
- Diarrhea
- Burns
- Renal failure
