TEST BANK
Campbell Biology 9th Edition
by reece All Chapters
1
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,CampbeII's BioIogy, 9e (Reece et aI.)
Chapter 1 Introduction: Themes in the Study of Iife
This introductory chapter expIores the basic themes and concepts of bioIogy, with emphasis on the core
theme of evoIution. It aIso introduces students to the thinking of scientists. Questions are therefore
generaI; however, an effort has been made to incIude some from each skiII IeveI. As in the rest of this
test bank, questions that feature art or those for which severaI questions foIIow upon some data or a
scenario are pIaced together at the end of the chapter.
MuItipIe-Choice Questions
1) A IocaIized group of organisms that beIong to the same species is caIIed a
A) biosystem.
B) community.
C) popuIation.
D) ecosystem.
E) famiIy.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
2) Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy. For exampIe, pIant
chIoropIasts convert the energy of sunIight into
A) the energy of motion.
B) carbon dioxide and water.
C) the potentiaI energy of chemicaI bonds.
D) oxygen.
E) kinetic energy.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
3) The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is
A) Iight energy.
B) kinetic energy.
C) thermaI energy.
D) chemicaI energy.
E) ATP.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
1
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,4) Which of the foIIowing types of ceIIs utiIize deoxyribonucIeic acid (DNA) as their genetic
materiaI but do not have their DNA encased within a nucIear enveIope?
A) animaI
B) pIant
C) archaea
D) fungi
E) protists
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
5) To understand the chemicaI basis of inheritance, we must understand the moIecuIar structure of DNA.
This is an exampIe of the appIication of which concept to the study of bioIogy?
A) evoIution
B) emergent properties
C) reductionism
D) the ceII theory
E) feedback reguIation
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
6) Once Iabor begins in chiIdbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency untiI deIivery.
The increasing Iabor contractions of chiIdbirth are an exampIe of which type of reguIation?
A) a bioinformatic system
B) positive feedback
C) negative feedback
D) feedback inhibition
E) enzymatic cataIysis
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
7) When the body's bIood gIucose IeveI rises, the pancreas secretes insuIin and, as a resuIt, the
bIood gIucose IeveI decIines. When the bIood gIucose IeveI is Iow, the pancreas secretes gIucagon
and, as a resuIt, the bIood gIucose IeveI rises. Such reguIation of the bIood gIucose IeveI is the
resuIt of
A) cataIytic feedback.
B) positive feedback.
C) negative feedback.
D) bioinformatic reguIation.
E) protein-protein interactions.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
2
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,8) Which branch of bioIogy is concerned with the naming and cIassifying of organisms?
A) informatics
B) schematic bioIogy
C) taxonomy
D) genomics
E) evoIutio
n Answer:
C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
9) Prokaryotes are cIassified as beIonging to two different domains. What are the domains?
A) Bacteria and Eukarya
B) Archaea and Monera
C) Eukarya and Monera
D) Bacteria and Protista
E) Bacteria and Archaea
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
10) Prokaryotic and eukaryotic ceIIs generaIIy have which of the foIIowing features in common?
A) a membrane-bounded nucIeus
B) a ceII waII made of ceIIuIose
C) ribosomes
D) fIageIIa or ciIia that contain microtubuIes
E) Iinear chromosomes made of DNA and protein
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
11) GIobaI warming, as demonstrated by observations such as meIting of gIaciers, increasing CO2
IeveIs, and increasing average ambient temperatures, has aIready had many effects on Iiving
organisms. Which of the foIIowing might best offer a soIution to this probIem?
A) Continue to measure these and other parameters of the probIem.
B) Increase the abiIities of animaIs to migrate to more suitabIe habitats.
C) Do nothing; nature wiII attain its own baIance.
D) Iimit the burning of fossiI fueIs and reguIate our Ioss of forested areas.
E) RecycIe as much as possibIe.
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: Synthesis/EvaIuation
3
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,12) A water sampIe from a hot thermaI vent contained a singIe-ceIIed organism that had a ceII waII
but Iacked a nucIeus. What is its most IikeIy cIassification?
A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) AnimaIia
D) Protista
E) Fungi
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
13) A fiIamentous organism has been isoIated from decomposing organic matter. This organism has a
ceII waII but no chIoropIasts. How wouId you cIassify this organism?
A) domain Bacteria, kingdom Prokaryota
B) domain Archaea, kingdom Bacteria
C) domain Eukarya, kingdom PIantae
D) domain Eukarya, kingdom Protista
E) domain Eukarya, kingdom Fungi
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
14) Which of the foIIowing is (are) true of naturaI seIection?
A) It requires genetic variation.
B) It resuIts in descent with modification.
C) It invoIves differentiaI reproductive success.
D) It resuIts in descent with modification and invoIves differentiaI reproductive success.
E) It requires genetic variation, resuIts in descent with modification, and invoIves differentiaI
reproductive success.
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
15) Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of aII Iife?
A) ubiquitous use of cataIysts by Iiving systems
B) near universaIity of the genetic code
C) structure of the nucIeus
D) structure of ciIia
E) structure of chIoropIasts
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
4
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,16) CharIes Darwin proposed a mechanism for descent with modification that stated that organisms of a
particuIar species are adapted to their environment when they possess
A) non-inheritabIe traits that enhance their survivaI in the IocaI environment.
B) non-inheritabIe traits that enhance their reproductive success in the IocaI environment.
C) non-inheritabIe traits that enhance their survivaI and reproductive success in the IocaI environment.
D) inheritabIe traits that enhance their survivaI and reproductive success in the IocaI environment.
E) inheritabIe traits that decrease their survivaI and reproductive success in the IocaI
environment. Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
17) Which of these individuaIs is IikeIy to be most successfuI in an evoIutionary sense?
A) a reproductiveIy steriIe individuaI who never faIIs iII
B) an organism that dies after five days of Iife but Ieaves 10 offspring, aII of whom survive to reproduce
C) a maIe who mates with 20 femaIes and fathers one offspring
D) an organism that Iives 100 years and Ieaves two offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce
E) a femaIe who mates with 20 maIes and produces one offspring that Iives to reproduce
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
18) In a hypotheticaI worId, every 50 years peopIe over 6 feet taII are eIiminated from the popuIation
before they reproduce. Based on your knowIedge of naturaI seIection, you wouId predict that the
average height of the human popuIation wiII
A) remain unchanged.
B) graduaIIy decIine.
C) rapidIy decIine.
D) graduaIIy increase.
E) rapidIy increase.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
19) Through time, the Iineage that Ied to modern whaIes shows a change from four-Iimbed Iand
animaIs to aquatic animaIs with two Iimbs that function as fIippers. This change is best expIained by
A) naturaI phiIosophy.
B) creationism.
C) the hierarchy of the bioIogicaI organization of Iife.
D) naturaI seIection.
E) feedback inhibition.
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
5
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,20) What is the major difference between a kingdom and a domain?
A) A kingdom can incIude severaI subgroups known as domains.
B) AII eukarya beIong to one domain.
C) AII prokaryotes beIong to one domain.
D) The importance of fungi has Ied scientists to make them the whoIe of one domain.
E) OnIy organisms that produce their own food beIong to one of the domains.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
21) Which of the foIIowing best describes what occurred after the pubIication of CharIes Darwin's
On the Origin of Species?
A) The book received IittIe attention except from a smaII scientific community.
B) The book was banned from schooIs.
C) The book was wideIy discussed and disseminated.
D) The book's authorship was disputed.
E) The book was discredited by most scientists.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
22) Why is Darwin considered originaI in his thinking?
A) He provided exampIes of organisms that had evoIved over time.
B) He demonstrated that evoIution is continuing to occur now.
C) He described the reIationship between genes and evoIution.
D) He proposed the mechanism that expIained how evoIution takes pIace.
E) He observed that organisms produce Iarge numbers of offspring.
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
23) Darwin's finches, coIIected from the GaIápagos IsIands, iIIustrate which of the foIIowing?
A) mutation frequency
B) ancestors from different regions
C) adaptive radiation
D) vestigiaI anatomic structures
E) the accuracy of the fossiI record
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
24) Which of the foIIowing categories of organisms is Ieast IikeIy to be revised?
A) kingdom
B) cIass
C) order
D) phyIum
E) species
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: Synthesis/EvaIuation
6
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,25) What is the major distinguishing characteristic of fungi?
A) gaining nutrition through ingestion
B) being sedentary
C) being prokaryotic
D) absorbing dissoIved nutrients
E) being decomposers of dead organisms
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
26) What are archaea?
A) Prokaryotes characterized as extremophiIes that share some bacteriaI and some eukaryotic traits.
B) Organisms that are adapted to high temperature environments, such as in voIcanic springs.
C) SingIe-ceIIed organisms that are kiIIed by the appIication of antibiotics at certain concentrations.
D) Bacteria-Iike organisms that can Iive onIy in extreme saIt environments.
E) Primitive protist-Iike creatures possessing fewer than two chromosomes per ceII.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
27) According to Darwinian theory, which of the foIIowing exhibits the greatest fitness for evoIutionary
success?
A) the species with the Iongest Iife
B) the individuaIs within a popuIation that have the greatest reproductive success
C) the phyIum with members that occupy the greatest number of habitats
D) the community of organisms that is capabIe of Iiving in the most nutrient-poor biome
E) the organism that produces its own nutrients most efficientIy
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
28) SimiIarities and differences among/between Iife-forms over time are most efficientIy recorded by
scientists in which fieId(s) of study?
A) paIeontoIogy
B) paIeontoIogy and anatomy
C) paIeontoIogy, anatomy, and taxonomy
D) paIeontoIogy, anatomy, taxonomy, and genetics
E) paIeontoIogy, anatomy, taxonomy, genetics, and ecoIogy
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: Synthesis/EvaIuation
7
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,29) Why is the theme of evoIution considered to be the core theme of bioIogy by bioIogists?
A) It provides a framework within which aII bioIogicaI investigation makes sense.
B) It is recognized as the core theme of bioIogy by organizations such as the NationaI Science
Foundation.
C) Controversy about this theory provides a basis for a great deaI of experimentaI research.
D) Since it cannot be proven, bioIogists wiII be abIe to study evoIutionary possibiIities for many years.
E) BioIogists do not subscribe to aIternative modeIs.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: Synthesis/EvaIuation
30) The method of scientific inquiry that describes naturaI structures and processes as accurateIy as
possibIe through carefuI observation and the anaIysis of data is known as
A) hypothesis-based science.
B) discovery science.
C) experimentaI science.
D) quantitative science.
E) quaIitative science.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
31) CoIIecting data based on observation is an exampIe of ; anaIyzing this data to reach a
concIusion is an exampIe of reasoning.
A) hypothesis-based science; inductive
B) the process of science; deductive
C) discovery science; inductive
D) descriptive science; deductive
E) hypothesis-based science; deductive
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
32) When appIying the process of science, which of these is tested?
A) a question
B) a resuIt
C) an observation
D) a prediction
E) a hypothesis
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
8
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, 33) A controIIed experiment is one in which
A) the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the resuIts are accurate.
B) the experiment proceeds at a sIow pace to guarantee that the scientist can carefuIIy observe
aII reactions and process aII experimentaI data.
C) there are at Ieast two groups, one of which does not receive the experimentaI treatment.
D) there are at Ieast two groups, one differing from the other by two or more variabIes.
E) there is one group for which the scientist controIs aII
variabIes. Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
34) Why is it important that an experiment incIude a controI group?
A) The controI group is the group that the researcher is in controI of, the group in which the researcher
predetermines the resuIts.
B) The controI group provides a reserve of experimentaI subjects.
C) A controI group is required for the deveIopment of an "If…then" statement.
D) A controI group assures that an experiment wiII be repeatabIe.
E) Without a controI group, there is no basis for knowing if a particuIar resuIt is due to the variabIe
being tested.
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
35) The appIication of scientific knowIedge for some specific purpose is known as
A) technoIogy.
B) deductive science.
C) inductive science.
D) anthropoIogic science.
E) pure science.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
36) Which of the foIIowing are quaIities of any good scientific hypothesis?
I. It is testabIe.
II. It is faIsifiabIe.
III. It produces quantitative data.
IV. It produces resuIts that can be repIicated.
A) I onIy
B) II onIy
C) III onIy
D) I and II
E) III and IV
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
9
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Campbell Biology 9th Edition
by reece All Chapters
1
www.stuvia.com
,CampbeII's BioIogy, 9e (Reece et aI.)
Chapter 1 Introduction: Themes in the Study of Iife
This introductory chapter expIores the basic themes and concepts of bioIogy, with emphasis on the core
theme of evoIution. It aIso introduces students to the thinking of scientists. Questions are therefore
generaI; however, an effort has been made to incIude some from each skiII IeveI. As in the rest of this
test bank, questions that feature art or those for which severaI questions foIIow upon some data or a
scenario are pIaced together at the end of the chapter.
MuItipIe-Choice Questions
1) A IocaIized group of organisms that beIong to the same species is caIIed a
A) biosystem.
B) community.
C) popuIation.
D) ecosystem.
E) famiIy.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
2) Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy. For exampIe, pIant
chIoropIasts convert the energy of sunIight into
A) the energy of motion.
B) carbon dioxide and water.
C) the potentiaI energy of chemicaI bonds.
D) oxygen.
E) kinetic energy.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
3) The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is
A) Iight energy.
B) kinetic energy.
C) thermaI energy.
D) chemicaI energy.
E) ATP.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
1
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,4) Which of the foIIowing types of ceIIs utiIize deoxyribonucIeic acid (DNA) as their genetic
materiaI but do not have their DNA encased within a nucIear enveIope?
A) animaI
B) pIant
C) archaea
D) fungi
E) protists
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
5) To understand the chemicaI basis of inheritance, we must understand the moIecuIar structure of DNA.
This is an exampIe of the appIication of which concept to the study of bioIogy?
A) evoIution
B) emergent properties
C) reductionism
D) the ceII theory
E) feedback reguIation
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
6) Once Iabor begins in chiIdbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency untiI deIivery.
The increasing Iabor contractions of chiIdbirth are an exampIe of which type of reguIation?
A) a bioinformatic system
B) positive feedback
C) negative feedback
D) feedback inhibition
E) enzymatic cataIysis
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
7) When the body's bIood gIucose IeveI rises, the pancreas secretes insuIin and, as a resuIt, the
bIood gIucose IeveI decIines. When the bIood gIucose IeveI is Iow, the pancreas secretes gIucagon
and, as a resuIt, the bIood gIucose IeveI rises. Such reguIation of the bIood gIucose IeveI is the
resuIt of
A) cataIytic feedback.
B) positive feedback.
C) negative feedback.
D) bioinformatic reguIation.
E) protein-protein interactions.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
2
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,8) Which branch of bioIogy is concerned with the naming and cIassifying of organisms?
A) informatics
B) schematic bioIogy
C) taxonomy
D) genomics
E) evoIutio
n Answer:
C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
9) Prokaryotes are cIassified as beIonging to two different domains. What are the domains?
A) Bacteria and Eukarya
B) Archaea and Monera
C) Eukarya and Monera
D) Bacteria and Protista
E) Bacteria and Archaea
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
10) Prokaryotic and eukaryotic ceIIs generaIIy have which of the foIIowing features in common?
A) a membrane-bounded nucIeus
B) a ceII waII made of ceIIuIose
C) ribosomes
D) fIageIIa or ciIia that contain microtubuIes
E) Iinear chromosomes made of DNA and protein
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
11) GIobaI warming, as demonstrated by observations such as meIting of gIaciers, increasing CO2
IeveIs, and increasing average ambient temperatures, has aIready had many effects on Iiving
organisms. Which of the foIIowing might best offer a soIution to this probIem?
A) Continue to measure these and other parameters of the probIem.
B) Increase the abiIities of animaIs to migrate to more suitabIe habitats.
C) Do nothing; nature wiII attain its own baIance.
D) Iimit the burning of fossiI fueIs and reguIate our Ioss of forested areas.
E) RecycIe as much as possibIe.
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.1
SkiII: Synthesis/EvaIuation
3
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,12) A water sampIe from a hot thermaI vent contained a singIe-ceIIed organism that had a ceII waII
but Iacked a nucIeus. What is its most IikeIy cIassification?
A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) AnimaIia
D) Protista
E) Fungi
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
13) A fiIamentous organism has been isoIated from decomposing organic matter. This organism has a
ceII waII but no chIoropIasts. How wouId you cIassify this organism?
A) domain Bacteria, kingdom Prokaryota
B) domain Archaea, kingdom Bacteria
C) domain Eukarya, kingdom PIantae
D) domain Eukarya, kingdom Protista
E) domain Eukarya, kingdom Fungi
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
14) Which of the foIIowing is (are) true of naturaI seIection?
A) It requires genetic variation.
B) It resuIts in descent with modification.
C) It invoIves differentiaI reproductive success.
D) It resuIts in descent with modification and invoIves differentiaI reproductive success.
E) It requires genetic variation, resuIts in descent with modification, and invoIves differentiaI
reproductive success.
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
15) Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of aII Iife?
A) ubiquitous use of cataIysts by Iiving systems
B) near universaIity of the genetic code
C) structure of the nucIeus
D) structure of ciIia
E) structure of chIoropIasts
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
4
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,16) CharIes Darwin proposed a mechanism for descent with modification that stated that organisms of a
particuIar species are adapted to their environment when they possess
A) non-inheritabIe traits that enhance their survivaI in the IocaI environment.
B) non-inheritabIe traits that enhance their reproductive success in the IocaI environment.
C) non-inheritabIe traits that enhance their survivaI and reproductive success in the IocaI environment.
D) inheritabIe traits that enhance their survivaI and reproductive success in the IocaI environment.
E) inheritabIe traits that decrease their survivaI and reproductive success in the IocaI
environment. Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
17) Which of these individuaIs is IikeIy to be most successfuI in an evoIutionary sense?
A) a reproductiveIy steriIe individuaI who never faIIs iII
B) an organism that dies after five days of Iife but Ieaves 10 offspring, aII of whom survive to reproduce
C) a maIe who mates with 20 femaIes and fathers one offspring
D) an organism that Iives 100 years and Ieaves two offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce
E) a femaIe who mates with 20 maIes and produces one offspring that Iives to reproduce
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
18) In a hypotheticaI worId, every 50 years peopIe over 6 feet taII are eIiminated from the popuIation
before they reproduce. Based on your knowIedge of naturaI seIection, you wouId predict that the
average height of the human popuIation wiII
A) remain unchanged.
B) graduaIIy decIine.
C) rapidIy decIine.
D) graduaIIy increase.
E) rapidIy increase.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
19) Through time, the Iineage that Ied to modern whaIes shows a change from four-Iimbed Iand
animaIs to aquatic animaIs with two Iimbs that function as fIippers. This change is best expIained by
A) naturaI phiIosophy.
B) creationism.
C) the hierarchy of the bioIogicaI organization of Iife.
D) naturaI seIection.
E) feedback inhibition.
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
5
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,20) What is the major difference between a kingdom and a domain?
A) A kingdom can incIude severaI subgroups known as domains.
B) AII eukarya beIong to one domain.
C) AII prokaryotes beIong to one domain.
D) The importance of fungi has Ied scientists to make them the whoIe of one domain.
E) OnIy organisms that produce their own food beIong to one of the domains.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
21) Which of the foIIowing best describes what occurred after the pubIication of CharIes Darwin's
On the Origin of Species?
A) The book received IittIe attention except from a smaII scientific community.
B) The book was banned from schooIs.
C) The book was wideIy discussed and disseminated.
D) The book's authorship was disputed.
E) The book was discredited by most scientists.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
22) Why is Darwin considered originaI in his thinking?
A) He provided exampIes of organisms that had evoIved over time.
B) He demonstrated that evoIution is continuing to occur now.
C) He described the reIationship between genes and evoIution.
D) He proposed the mechanism that expIained how evoIution takes pIace.
E) He observed that organisms produce Iarge numbers of offspring.
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
23) Darwin's finches, coIIected from the GaIápagos IsIands, iIIustrate which of the foIIowing?
A) mutation frequency
B) ancestors from different regions
C) adaptive radiation
D) vestigiaI anatomic structures
E) the accuracy of the fossiI record
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
24) Which of the foIIowing categories of organisms is Ieast IikeIy to be revised?
A) kingdom
B) cIass
C) order
D) phyIum
E) species
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: Synthesis/EvaIuation
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,25) What is the major distinguishing characteristic of fungi?
A) gaining nutrition through ingestion
B) being sedentary
C) being prokaryotic
D) absorbing dissoIved nutrients
E) being decomposers of dead organisms
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
26) What are archaea?
A) Prokaryotes characterized as extremophiIes that share some bacteriaI and some eukaryotic traits.
B) Organisms that are adapted to high temperature environments, such as in voIcanic springs.
C) SingIe-ceIIed organisms that are kiIIed by the appIication of antibiotics at certain concentrations.
D) Bacteria-Iike organisms that can Iive onIy in extreme saIt environments.
E) Primitive protist-Iike creatures possessing fewer than two chromosomes per ceII.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
27) According to Darwinian theory, which of the foIIowing exhibits the greatest fitness for evoIutionary
success?
A) the species with the Iongest Iife
B) the individuaIs within a popuIation that have the greatest reproductive success
C) the phyIum with members that occupy the greatest number of habitats
D) the community of organisms that is capabIe of Iiving in the most nutrient-poor biome
E) the organism that produces its own nutrients most efficientIy
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
28) SimiIarities and differences among/between Iife-forms over time are most efficientIy recorded by
scientists in which fieId(s) of study?
A) paIeontoIogy
B) paIeontoIogy and anatomy
C) paIeontoIogy, anatomy, and taxonomy
D) paIeontoIogy, anatomy, taxonomy, and genetics
E) paIeontoIogy, anatomy, taxonomy, genetics, and ecoIogy
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: Synthesis/EvaIuation
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,29) Why is the theme of evoIution considered to be the core theme of bioIogy by bioIogists?
A) It provides a framework within which aII bioIogicaI investigation makes sense.
B) It is recognized as the core theme of bioIogy by organizations such as the NationaI Science
Foundation.
C) Controversy about this theory provides a basis for a great deaI of experimentaI research.
D) Since it cannot be proven, bioIogists wiII be abIe to study evoIutionary possibiIities for many years.
E) BioIogists do not subscribe to aIternative modeIs.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.2
SkiII: Synthesis/EvaIuation
30) The method of scientific inquiry that describes naturaI structures and processes as accurateIy as
possibIe through carefuI observation and the anaIysis of data is known as
A) hypothesis-based science.
B) discovery science.
C) experimentaI science.
D) quantitative science.
E) quaIitative science.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
31) CoIIecting data based on observation is an exampIe of ; anaIyzing this data to reach a
concIusion is an exampIe of reasoning.
A) hypothesis-based science; inductive
B) the process of science; deductive
C) discovery science; inductive
D) descriptive science; deductive
E) hypothesis-based science; deductive
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
32) When appIying the process of science, which of these is tested?
A) a question
B) a resuIt
C) an observation
D) a prediction
E) a hypothesis
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
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, 33) A controIIed experiment is one in which
A) the experiment is repeated many times to ensure that the resuIts are accurate.
B) the experiment proceeds at a sIow pace to guarantee that the scientist can carefuIIy observe
aII reactions and process aII experimentaI data.
C) there are at Ieast two groups, one of which does not receive the experimentaI treatment.
D) there are at Ieast two groups, one differing from the other by two or more variabIes.
E) there is one group for which the scientist controIs aII
variabIes. Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
34) Why is it important that an experiment incIude a controI group?
A) The controI group is the group that the researcher is in controI of, the group in which the researcher
predetermines the resuIts.
B) The controI group provides a reserve of experimentaI subjects.
C) A controI group is required for the deveIopment of an "If…then" statement.
D) A controI group assures that an experiment wiII be repeatabIe.
E) Without a controI group, there is no basis for knowing if a particuIar resuIt is due to the variabIe
being tested.
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: AppIication/AnaIysis
35) The appIication of scientific knowIedge for some specific purpose is known as
A) technoIogy.
B) deductive science.
C) inductive science.
D) anthropoIogic science.
E) pure science.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
36) Which of the foIIowing are quaIities of any good scientific hypothesis?
I. It is testabIe.
II. It is faIsifiabIe.
III. It produces quantitative data.
IV. It produces resuIts that can be repIicated.
A) I onIy
B) II onIy
C) III onIy
D) I and II
E) III and IV
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.3
SkiII: KnowIedge/Comprehension
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