offence
~chemistr
, ↳ the
ofcarbon, and
chemistry compounds
of
excluding CO2, CO carbonates
thatcontains we diamond, graphite
·
molecule molecule carbon exception ofcarbon dioxide,
organic any atoms
-
cyanides, carbides and carbonates
->
all living matter
eacho n perspecties
of4 makes 4 bonds
valency
· =
selectrons in second level form
undergoes hybridisation:u npairs energy single bonding orbitals
·
+
·
able to form single/doublel triple covalents bonds we self non-metals
-
+
halogens
low weak intermolecular forces
melting points relatively
· -
·
non-polar -
insoluble in H20
->
soluble in non-polar solvents
·
strong intra-molecular covalentb onds -
slow, reversible reactions
↳ %
low
yield
·
combine in numbered to form stable chainst
rings
any
·
undergo polymerisation many small molecules link
-
to form long chains
onates, carbides, I
terminology
to
functional a toms thatform the centre ofchemical
of in the molecule
group an atom or
group activity
-
↳
used to
identify classes
↳
determines chemical properties ofcompound
to
homologous which have the same functional
group and have the
-
series a series ofs imilar compounds
same general formula, in which each member differs from the previous one by a
Single CH2 unit
to compound in which bonds bonds
saturated compound a all ofthe between carbon atoms are
single
-
to unsaturated compound -
a compound in which there is at leasto n e double + triple bond between carbon atoms
toa l e
·
molecular formula number =
types
+
ofatoms in compound
·
condensed formula -
each carbon atom wl its bonds
formula: "___"
·
Structural
-H
HHH H
(butane)
~chemistr
, ↳ the
ofcarbon, and
chemistry compounds
of
excluding CO2, CO carbonates
thatcontains we diamond, graphite
·
molecule molecule carbon exception ofcarbon dioxide,
organic any atoms
-
cyanides, carbides and carbonates
->
all living matter
eacho n perspecties
of4 makes 4 bonds
valency
· =
selectrons in second level form
undergoes hybridisation:u npairs energy single bonding orbitals
·
+
·
able to form single/doublel triple covalents bonds we self non-metals
-
+
halogens
low weak intermolecular forces
melting points relatively
· -
·
non-polar -
insoluble in H20
->
soluble in non-polar solvents
·
strong intra-molecular covalentb onds -
slow, reversible reactions
↳ %
low
yield
·
combine in numbered to form stable chainst
rings
any
·
undergo polymerisation many small molecules link
-
to form long chains
onates, carbides, I
terminology
to
functional a toms thatform the centre ofchemical
of in the molecule
group an atom or
group activity
-
↳
used to
identify classes
↳
determines chemical properties ofcompound
to
homologous which have the same functional
group and have the
-
series a series ofs imilar compounds
same general formula, in which each member differs from the previous one by a
Single CH2 unit
to compound in which bonds bonds
saturated compound a all ofthe between carbon atoms are
single
-
to unsaturated compound -
a compound in which there is at leasto n e double + triple bond between carbon atoms
toa l e
·
molecular formula number =
types
+
ofatoms in compound
·
condensed formula -
each carbon atom wl its bonds
formula: "___"
·
Structural
-H
HHH H
(butane)
