PSYC 388- Final exam with correct answers
List 5 factors that influenced the development of counselling in Canada since
the 1960s. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- There was a shift to group therapy in
the 60s
- In the 90s, there was a focus on counselling issues related to the whole
person.
-Canadian guidance Counsellor's association was created in 1965.
-Counselling became a distinct profession in the 1980s.
-The first counselling section was formed by CPA in 1986. This was important
because it distinguished counselling from other psychological professions.
-In 1989, CPA established accreditation criteria for their doctoral program in
counselling.
E.G. Williamson - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Created the first counselling
theory in the 1930s.
Clifford Beers - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔He was hospitalized for mental
illness. He advocated for better treatment of patients and for better mental
health facilities.
Frank Parsons - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Founder of vocational guidance
,Carl Rogers - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Had a humanistic view; developed
person-centered therapy.
Albert Ellis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Developed rational emotive therapy.
It's a type of cognitive therapy that focuses on changing the client's irrational
beliefs.
Eric Berne - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Father of transactional analysis. Said
there are 3 ego states: the child, the adult, and the parent.
Aaron Beck - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Pioneer in cognitive therapy. His
method helps patients identify automatic thoughts and reactions, and helps
them develop more beneficial reactions.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔(level 1)
Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level 3) Relationships, Love
and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self Actualization
Diff between Canada and US in counselling - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔Counselling in USA grew out of professional psychology; in Canada grew
out of educational psychology.
1980s counselling also changed because of - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔attention to gender issues and sexual preferences, feminist theory, renewed
emphasis on moral development, challenges of working with different ethnic
and cultural groups.
,Lawrence Kohlberg - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔moral development; presented
boys moral dilemmas and studied their responses and reasoning processes in
making moral decisions. Most famous moral dilemma is "Heinz" who has an ill
wife and cannot afford the medication. Should he steal the medication and
why?
Wellness Mode --2000 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Wellness Mode --2000
Describe how the vocational guidance movement in public schools, and later
in Canadian colleges and universities, contributed to the growth of the
profession of counselling in Canada. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Counsellors
and guidance counsellors started to replace teachers in schools in areas of
testing and counselling. School boards begin hiring full-time counsellors as a
result of the rising popularity of Rogers' humanistic approach. Counselling
became to be seen as a crucial part of schools and should be its own profession.
An important difference between psychiatrists and other allied mental health
professionals is: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔their ability to provide and
monitor psychotropic medication
Guidance deals with ___. counselling deals with ___ - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔choice; change
Good qualities for effective counsellor (12) - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔Curiosity,
ability to listen,
empathy,
, comfort with conversation,
emotional intelligence,
introspection,
capacity for self-denial,
comfort with power,
ability to laugh,
monitor own biases,
ask for clarification,
explore racial and cultural differences
Bad reasons for becoming a counsellor (6) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1.
Emotional distress,
2. Vicarious coping,
3. loneliness,
4. Desire for Power,
5. Need for love,
6. Vicarious rebellion
identify the symptoms of burnout, describe its treatment, and identify ways to
prevent it. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔state of becoming emotionally or
physically drained to the point that one cannot perform functions
meaningfully.
Counsellors develop a negative self-concept, negative job attitude, and even a
loss of concern, compassion, and feeling for others.
List 5 factors that influenced the development of counselling in Canada since
the 1960s. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- There was a shift to group therapy in
the 60s
- In the 90s, there was a focus on counselling issues related to the whole
person.
-Canadian guidance Counsellor's association was created in 1965.
-Counselling became a distinct profession in the 1980s.
-The first counselling section was formed by CPA in 1986. This was important
because it distinguished counselling from other psychological professions.
-In 1989, CPA established accreditation criteria for their doctoral program in
counselling.
E.G. Williamson - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Created the first counselling
theory in the 1930s.
Clifford Beers - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔He was hospitalized for mental
illness. He advocated for better treatment of patients and for better mental
health facilities.
Frank Parsons - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Founder of vocational guidance
,Carl Rogers - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Had a humanistic view; developed
person-centered therapy.
Albert Ellis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Developed rational emotive therapy.
It's a type of cognitive therapy that focuses on changing the client's irrational
beliefs.
Eric Berne - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Father of transactional analysis. Said
there are 3 ego states: the child, the adult, and the parent.
Aaron Beck - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Pioneer in cognitive therapy. His
method helps patients identify automatic thoughts and reactions, and helps
them develop more beneficial reactions.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔(level 1)
Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level 3) Relationships, Love
and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self Actualization
Diff between Canada and US in counselling - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔Counselling in USA grew out of professional psychology; in Canada grew
out of educational psychology.
1980s counselling also changed because of - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔attention to gender issues and sexual preferences, feminist theory, renewed
emphasis on moral development, challenges of working with different ethnic
and cultural groups.
,Lawrence Kohlberg - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔moral development; presented
boys moral dilemmas and studied their responses and reasoning processes in
making moral decisions. Most famous moral dilemma is "Heinz" who has an ill
wife and cannot afford the medication. Should he steal the medication and
why?
Wellness Mode --2000 - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Wellness Mode --2000
Describe how the vocational guidance movement in public schools, and later
in Canadian colleges and universities, contributed to the growth of the
profession of counselling in Canada. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Counsellors
and guidance counsellors started to replace teachers in schools in areas of
testing and counselling. School boards begin hiring full-time counsellors as a
result of the rising popularity of Rogers' humanistic approach. Counselling
became to be seen as a crucial part of schools and should be its own profession.
An important difference between psychiatrists and other allied mental health
professionals is: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔their ability to provide and
monitor psychotropic medication
Guidance deals with ___. counselling deals with ___ - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔choice; change
Good qualities for effective counsellor (12) - CORRECT ANSWERS
✔✔Curiosity,
ability to listen,
empathy,
, comfort with conversation,
emotional intelligence,
introspection,
capacity for self-denial,
comfort with power,
ability to laugh,
monitor own biases,
ask for clarification,
explore racial and cultural differences
Bad reasons for becoming a counsellor (6) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1.
Emotional distress,
2. Vicarious coping,
3. loneliness,
4. Desire for Power,
5. Need for love,
6. Vicarious rebellion
identify the symptoms of burnout, describe its treatment, and identify ways to
prevent it. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔state of becoming emotionally or
physically drained to the point that one cannot perform functions
meaningfully.
Counsellors develop a negative self-concept, negative job attitude, and even a
loss of concern, compassion, and feeling for others.
