Psychology 388 - Introduction to Counselling (Final Exam) questions with answer
1.Advocacy>>>Helping clients challenge institutional and social barriers
that impede academic, career, or personal social development and
increase clients sense of personal power.
2.Counselling>>>A process that seeks to help people improve their
well-being and increase their ability to make decisions for the present
and future.
3.Guidance>>>It focuses on assisting a person with time- and context-
limited deci- sions.
4.Positive psychology>>>The scientific study of optimal human
functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that
enable individuals and communities to thrive
5.Psychologist>>>A professional with an academic degree and
specialized training in one or more areas of psychology
6.Psychotherapy>>>Focused on serious problems associated with
intrapsychic, in- ternal and personal issues and conflicts.
7.Social Justice>>>An ideal that embraces all aspects of civilized life
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,and that is linked to fundamental notions of fairness and to cultural
beliefs about right and wrong.
8.Social Work>>>Profession concerned with helping individuals, families,
groups, and communities to enhance their individual and collective well
being
9.Technology-based counselling>>>Email facilitated counsellor to
counsellor inter- action, websites, online professional counselling
journals, can be used to enhance services if they follow guidelines on
internet counselling.
10.Leadership>>>The action of leading a group of people or an
organization. (Page 23)
11.Wellness>>>A way of life oriented toward optimal health and well-
being in which body, mind, and spirit are integrated by the individual to
live life more fully within the human and natural community.
12.Roger F. Aubrey>>>Human development counselling
13.Aaron Beck>>>Cognitive therapy
14.Eric Berne>>>Transactional analysis
15.Albert Ellis>>>Rational emotive therapy
16.Lawrence Kohlberg>>>Moral Development, Closely related to
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,cognitive ability and empathy.
17.Abraham Maslow>>>Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, self-actualization is
the point of full potential.
18.Jane Myers>>>Developed model for promoting wellness
19.Frank Parsons>>>Founder of guidance, focus on growth and
prevention, founded Boston's Vocational Bureau
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, 20.Clifford Beers>>>Advocate for mental health facilities and reform in
treatment of people with mental illness after own hospitalization. His
work was the beginning of the mental health movement.
21.Donald Super>>>Career development, advances in development
psychology
22.Carl Rogers>>>Humanistic, Client-centered theories. First to
emphasize client-centered approach, advocates clients
responsibility for growth.
23.E.G. Williamson>>>First theory of counselling, Trait-Factor theory,
Task of coun- sellor is to determine deficiency in client.
24.Burnout>>>State of becoming emotionally or physically drained to
the point that one cannot perform functions meaningfully.
25.Nonprofessional helpers>>>Friends, colleagues, untrained volunteers,
or super- visors who try to assist those in need. (No specific educational
requirements.)
26.Paraprofessionals (Generalist human service workers)>>>Have
received some formal training in human relation skills but work as part
of a team rather than as individuals. Often work as mental health
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1.Advocacy>>>Helping clients challenge institutional and social barriers
that impede academic, career, or personal social development and
increase clients sense of personal power.
2.Counselling>>>A process that seeks to help people improve their
well-being and increase their ability to make decisions for the present
and future.
3.Guidance>>>It focuses on assisting a person with time- and context-
limited deci- sions.
4.Positive psychology>>>The scientific study of optimal human
functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that
enable individuals and communities to thrive
5.Psychologist>>>A professional with an academic degree and
specialized training in one or more areas of psychology
6.Psychotherapy>>>Focused on serious problems associated with
intrapsychic, in- ternal and personal issues and conflicts.
7.Social Justice>>>An ideal that embraces all aspects of civilized life
1/
119
,and that is linked to fundamental notions of fairness and to cultural
beliefs about right and wrong.
8.Social Work>>>Profession concerned with helping individuals, families,
groups, and communities to enhance their individual and collective well
being
9.Technology-based counselling>>>Email facilitated counsellor to
counsellor inter- action, websites, online professional counselling
journals, can be used to enhance services if they follow guidelines on
internet counselling.
10.Leadership>>>The action of leading a group of people or an
organization. (Page 23)
11.Wellness>>>A way of life oriented toward optimal health and well-
being in which body, mind, and spirit are integrated by the individual to
live life more fully within the human and natural community.
12.Roger F. Aubrey>>>Human development counselling
13.Aaron Beck>>>Cognitive therapy
14.Eric Berne>>>Transactional analysis
15.Albert Ellis>>>Rational emotive therapy
16.Lawrence Kohlberg>>>Moral Development, Closely related to
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119
,cognitive ability and empathy.
17.Abraham Maslow>>>Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, self-actualization is
the point of full potential.
18.Jane Myers>>>Developed model for promoting wellness
19.Frank Parsons>>>Founder of guidance, focus on growth and
prevention, founded Boston's Vocational Bureau
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119
, 20.Clifford Beers>>>Advocate for mental health facilities and reform in
treatment of people with mental illness after own hospitalization. His
work was the beginning of the mental health movement.
21.Donald Super>>>Career development, advances in development
psychology
22.Carl Rogers>>>Humanistic, Client-centered theories. First to
emphasize client-centered approach, advocates clients
responsibility for growth.
23.E.G. Williamson>>>First theory of counselling, Trait-Factor theory,
Task of coun- sellor is to determine deficiency in client.
24.Burnout>>>State of becoming emotionally or physically drained to
the point that one cannot perform functions meaningfully.
25.Nonprofessional helpers>>>Friends, colleagues, untrained volunteers,
or super- visors who try to assist those in need. (No specific educational
requirements.)
26.Paraprofessionals (Generalist human service workers)>>>Have
received some formal training in human relation skills but work as part
of a team rather than as individuals. Often work as mental health
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