NR507- Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam
questions with verified answers
Actions of Insulin Ans✓✓✓ Insulin promotes glucose uptake mostly in the liver,
muscle and adipose tissue
Acute Pyelonephritis Ans✓✓✓ Diagnosing by clinical symptoms alone can be
difficult; can be similar to cystitis
Diagnosis established by:
-Urine culture
-Urinalysis (WBC casts indicates pyelonephritis, but may not always be present)
-Signs/Symptoms
-Complicated pyelonephritis requires blood cultures and urinary tract imaging
Acute renal failure Ans✓✓✓ Reversible
Determining prognosis- kidneys respond to diuretic with good output; this
indicates that kidneys are functioning well
Adrenal Crisis- Hypocortisolism Ans✓✓✓ Onset of adrenal crisis is signified by
hypotension
Hypotension can progress to complete vascular collapse and shock. This is known
as adrenal crisis or addisonian crisis and develops with undiagnosed disease,
acute withdrawal of glucocorticoid therapy or the occurrence of infection or other
comorbid stressful events
, Alzheimer's Disease Ans✓✓✓ Decreased short-term memory occurs with mild
cognitive decline as a result of a reduced hippocampus size
Autonomic Neuropathy-Complication of Diabetes Ans✓✓✓ Autonomic
Neuropathy includes:
GI Symptoms:
--Decreased esophageal motility
--Gastroparesis
--Delayed gastric emptying
Bacterial Meningitis Ans✓✓✓ Associated with compression of Cranial nerve V
and results in severe and sharp stabbing pain that can worsen with chewing
Bell's Palsy Ans✓✓✓ Associated with Cranial Nerve VII paralysis and results in
facial asymmetry and inability to close eye, smile or frown on the affected side
Cerebrovascular Accident Ans✓✓✓ Review s/s depending on the artery infarcted
Example: infarct in the ACA will result in motor: contralateral paralysis or paresis
(greater in foot and thigh)
Sensory deficits associated with basilar artery infarct include contralateral loss of
vibratory sense, sense of position with dysmetria, loss of two-point
discrimination, impaired rapid alternating movements
Chronic Renal Failure Ans✓✓✓ Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive loss
of renal function associated with systemic disease such as hypertension, diabetes
questions with verified answers
Actions of Insulin Ans✓✓✓ Insulin promotes glucose uptake mostly in the liver,
muscle and adipose tissue
Acute Pyelonephritis Ans✓✓✓ Diagnosing by clinical symptoms alone can be
difficult; can be similar to cystitis
Diagnosis established by:
-Urine culture
-Urinalysis (WBC casts indicates pyelonephritis, but may not always be present)
-Signs/Symptoms
-Complicated pyelonephritis requires blood cultures and urinary tract imaging
Acute renal failure Ans✓✓✓ Reversible
Determining prognosis- kidneys respond to diuretic with good output; this
indicates that kidneys are functioning well
Adrenal Crisis- Hypocortisolism Ans✓✓✓ Onset of adrenal crisis is signified by
hypotension
Hypotension can progress to complete vascular collapse and shock. This is known
as adrenal crisis or addisonian crisis and develops with undiagnosed disease,
acute withdrawal of glucocorticoid therapy or the occurrence of infection or other
comorbid stressful events
, Alzheimer's Disease Ans✓✓✓ Decreased short-term memory occurs with mild
cognitive decline as a result of a reduced hippocampus size
Autonomic Neuropathy-Complication of Diabetes Ans✓✓✓ Autonomic
Neuropathy includes:
GI Symptoms:
--Decreased esophageal motility
--Gastroparesis
--Delayed gastric emptying
Bacterial Meningitis Ans✓✓✓ Associated with compression of Cranial nerve V
and results in severe and sharp stabbing pain that can worsen with chewing
Bell's Palsy Ans✓✓✓ Associated with Cranial Nerve VII paralysis and results in
facial asymmetry and inability to close eye, smile or frown on the affected side
Cerebrovascular Accident Ans✓✓✓ Review s/s depending on the artery infarcted
Example: infarct in the ACA will result in motor: contralateral paralysis or paresis
(greater in foot and thigh)
Sensory deficits associated with basilar artery infarct include contralateral loss of
vibratory sense, sense of position with dysmetria, loss of two-point
discrimination, impaired rapid alternating movements
Chronic Renal Failure Ans✓✓✓ Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive loss
of renal function associated with systemic disease such as hypertension, diabetes
